本文關(guān)鍵詞： 水力空化 苯酚 二氧化氯 降解率　出處：《中北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：苯酚是一種具有代表性的難降解有機(jī)物,對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境和人類健康可造成較大危害,傳統(tǒng)的處理工藝無法將其徹底去除,且易造成二次污染。水力空化作為一種新型水處理技術(shù),具有經(jīng)濟(jì)、高效、操作簡(jiǎn)單、不會(huì)產(chǎn)生二次污染等特點(diǎn)。本研究首次利用水力空化技術(shù)強(qiáng)化二氧化氯處理模擬苯酚廢水,并取得了理想的降解效果,為難降解有機(jī)廢水的處理提供了理論依據(jù),具有重要的實(shí)際指導(dǎo)意義。本研究在閱讀大量國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,自行設(shè)計(jì)了多孔板和文丘里管空化發(fā)生器,并設(shè)計(jì)了一套水力空化裝置。研究分別采用單獨(dú)水力空化、單獨(dú)二氧化氯及水力空化強(qiáng)化二氧化氯三種工藝處理苯酚模擬廢水,探究了多種因素對(duì)苯酚降解效果的影響,確定了研究范圍內(nèi)的較優(yōu)操作條件和最佳空化發(fā)生器。并利用高效液相色譜(HPLC)分析了水力空化強(qiáng)化二氧化氯降解苯酚反應(yīng)的中間產(chǎn)物,揭示了苯酚的降解歷程。同時(shí),建立了水力空化強(qiáng)化二氧化氯降解苯酚的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,探討了化學(xué)反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)規(guī)律。論文的主要研究成果如下:(1)研究了分別以多孔板和文丘里管作為空化發(fā)生器對(duì)苯酚降解效果的影響,結(jié)果表明,以多孔板作為空化發(fā)生器對(duì)苯酚的降解效果優(yōu)于文丘里管,且以開孔率為0.0610,開孔為環(huán)狀布孔的孔板作為空化發(fā)生器對(duì)苯酚的降解效果最好。在較優(yōu)反應(yīng)條件:入口壓力為0.4 MPa,處理90min,苯酚的最大降解率可達(dá)27.6%。單獨(dú)水力空化降解苯酚時(shí),苯酚首先被氧化為苯醌,接著苯醌被降解為順丁烯二酸;(2)單獨(dú)二氧化氯氧化苯酚時(shí),苯酚降解率隨著二氧化氯濃度的增加逐漸增大。處理時(shí)間超過45min,隨著處理時(shí)間的增加,苯酚降解率趨于穩(wěn)定。當(dāng)苯酚與ClO2的物質(zhì)的量比為1:2,處理45min,苯酚的降解率為87.1%;單獨(dú)Cl O2處理苯酚時(shí),最終僅可將苯酚氧化為苯醌。(3)水力空化強(qiáng)化二氧化氯降解苯酚時(shí),以開孔率為0.0610,開孔為環(huán)狀布孔的孔板作為空化發(fā)生器,較優(yōu)反應(yīng)條件為:ClO2與苯酚的物質(zhì)的量之比為1:1,處理時(shí)間為30min,苯酚的降解率最大可達(dá)92.1%,是相同條件下,單獨(dú)水力空化(苯酚降解率為17.1%)和單獨(dú)二氧化氯(苯酚降解率為47.9%)對(duì)苯酚降解率之和的1.4倍;(4)水力空化強(qiáng)化二氧化氯對(duì)苯酚的降解符合一級(jí)反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)規(guī)律,其反應(yīng)速率常數(shù)為1.49×10-3s-1,半衰期約為8min。水力空化與二氧化氯聯(lián)合降解時(shí),存在較好的協(xié)同效應(yīng),增強(qiáng)因子為3.18.(5)通過對(duì)水力空化強(qiáng)化ClO2降解苯酚中間產(chǎn)物和途徑的探討,明確反應(yīng)過程中首先生成苯醌,在自由基的作用下,中間產(chǎn)物苯醌被進(jìn)一步氧化為乙二酸和順丁烯二酸。
[Abstract]:Phenol is a representative refractory organic matter, which can cause great harm to the ecological environment and human health, and can not be completely removed by traditional treatment technology. As a new water treatment technology, hydraulic cavitation is economical, efficient and easy to operate. For the first time, the treatment of simulated phenol wastewater with chlorine dioxide was enhanced by hydraulic cavitation, and the ideal degradation effect was obtained. The treatment of refractory organic wastewater provides theoretical basis and has important practical significance. On the basis of reading a large number of domestic and foreign literature, a porous plate and Venturi tube cavitation generator was designed by ourselves. A set of hydraulic cavitation device was designed to treat phenol simulated wastewater by three processes: single hydraulic cavitation, single chlorine dioxide and enhanced chlorine dioxide by hydraulic cavitation. The effects of various factors on the degradation of phenol were investigated. The optimum operating conditions and the optimal cavitation generator were determined and the intermediate products of the hydro cavitation enhanced chlorine dioxide degradation of phenol were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The degradation process of phenol was revealed, and the kinetic model of degradation of phenol with enhanced chlorine dioxide by hydraulic cavitation was established. The main results of this paper are as follows: 1) the effect of porous plate and Venturi tube as cavitation generator on the degradation of phenol was studied. The degradation effect of phenol with porous plate as cavitation generator was better than that of Venturi tube, and the porosity was 0.0610. The porous plate with annular perforation was the best for phenol degradation. The optimum reaction conditions were as follows: the inlet pressure was 0.4 MPA and the treatment time was 90 min. The maximum degradation rate of phenol was 27.60.When phenol was degraded by hydraulic cavitation alone, phenol was first oxidized to benzoquinone, then benzoquinone was degraded to maleic acid. 2) when phenol was oxidized by chlorine dioxide alone, the degradation rate of phenol gradually increased with the increase of chlorine dioxide concentration, the treatment time was more than 45 min, and the treatment time increased with the increase of treatment time. The degradation rate of phenol tends to be stable. When the ratio of phenol to ClO2 is 1: 2, the degradation rate of phenol is 87.1 when treated for 45 min. Only phenol can be oxidized to benzoquinone. 3) when the phenol is degraded by hydro cavitation enhanced chlorine dioxide, the open porosity is 0.0610. The porous plate with annular holes was used as the cavitation generator. The optimum reaction conditions were as follows: the ratio of the mass of 1: ClO2 to phenol was 1: 1, and the treatment time was 30 min. The maximum degradation rate of phenol can reach 92.1g, which is under the same conditions. The total degradation rate of phenol by hydraulic cavitation alone (17.1%) and chlorine dioxide (47.9%) was 1.4 times higher than that of single chlorine dioxide (47.9%). (4) the degradation of phenol by hydro cavitation enhanced chlorine dioxide is in accordance with the first-order reaction kinetics, and its reaction rate constant is 1.49 脳 10 ~ (-3) s ~ (-1). The half-life is about 8 min.There is a good synergistic effect when the hydro cavitation is combined with the degradation of chlorine dioxide. The enhancement factor was 3.18. 5) by exploring the intermediate products and ways of degradation of phenol by ClO2 enhanced by hydraulic cavitation, it was clear that benzoquinone was first formed in the reaction process, under the action of free radical. The intermediate product benzoquinone was further oxidized to adipic acid and maleic acid.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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