本文關(guān)鍵詞： 安全生產(chǎn)事故 影響因素 結(jié)構(gòu)方程 評(píng)價(jià) 提升對(duì)策　出處：《安徽理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今的中國(guó)在世界上能源消費(fèi)最大,尤其是煤炭消費(fèi),調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),我國(guó)共6850座煤礦,開(kāi)采量高達(dá)57億噸,煤炭生產(chǎn)在我國(guó)能源消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)中的重要性不言而喻。然而,煤炭開(kāi)采行業(yè)屬于特種作業(yè)行業(yè),是高危行業(yè),煤礦企業(yè)安全生產(chǎn)事故時(shí)有發(fā)生,每年因煤炭開(kāi)采死亡人數(shù)高達(dá)幾百人,為國(guó)家、企業(yè)和人民造成了嚴(yán)重的生命、財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。文獻(xiàn)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),煤炭安全生產(chǎn)作業(yè)與"人-機(jī)-環(huán)"密切相關(guān),安全生產(chǎn)事故難以預(yù)防和控制,主要是因?yàn)閱T工行為難控制、機(jī)器設(shè)備易出事、自然環(huán)境難改善,煤礦企業(yè)要防止安全生產(chǎn)事故發(fā)生,必須通過(guò)完善"人-機(jī)-環(huán)"三方面安全管理工作,全面提高安全管理水平,降低事故發(fā)生率及事故損失程度。就"機(jī)"而言,煤礦企業(yè)應(yīng)結(jié)合生產(chǎn)特點(diǎn)、生產(chǎn)規(guī)模等,根據(jù)安全生產(chǎn)需要,及時(shí)更新生產(chǎn)設(shè)備,升級(jí)技術(shù)裝備,并定期維護(hù)與保養(yǎng),保證機(jī)器設(shè)備正常運(yùn)行;除此之外,井下預(yù)警設(shè)備也需完備,如瓦斯探測(cè)儀、束管監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)等,能夠隨時(shí)反饋井下安全狀況,為每位井下員工配備定位儀,隨時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)員工所在位置,也能保證員工安全。就"環(huán)"而言,雖井下作業(yè)環(huán)境復(fù)雜多變且難以改善,但企業(yè)能夠通過(guò)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)易變環(huán)境來(lái)提前預(yù)防安全事故的發(fā)生。由此可見(jiàn),"機(jī)"和"環(huán)"都能通過(guò)企業(yè)的大力投入進(jìn)行控制,都是可控的確定因素,只有"人"這方面充滿(mǎn)不確定性。大量文獻(xiàn)研究表明,員工不安全行為會(huì)直接導(dǎo)致安全生產(chǎn)事故發(fā)生,在安全生產(chǎn)事故關(guān)鍵影響因素中,員工不安全行為占比為97.67%,員工行為難以控制不僅使得管理難度增加,還會(huì)導(dǎo)致物與環(huán)境不安全因素頻頻出現(xiàn)。安全管理工作之所以困難,主要是由于其管理過(guò)程中的不確定性,要減小甚至消除這樣的不確定性,就需要針對(duì)煤礦具體情況構(gòu)建完善、有針對(duì)性的安全管理體系,利用適用性較強(qiáng)的評(píng)價(jià)方法對(duì)其進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),找出安全管理中不足之處,采取有效措施,防止出現(xiàn)井下安全生產(chǎn)事故�；�2006年至2015年全國(guó)煤礦死亡人數(shù)達(dá)3人及以上的重大安全生產(chǎn)事故統(tǒng)計(jì)資料,進(jìn)行典型事故案例分析,以及問(wèn)卷調(diào)查研究等,通過(guò)有效性分析,建立安全管理水平指標(biāo)體系,再建立SEM模型分析各影響因素對(duì)安全管理水平的實(shí)際作用率,以及各指標(biāo)之間的聯(lián)系,最后通過(guò)析層次分析法及模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)法對(duì)某礦安全管理水平進(jìn)行更科學(xué)有效的評(píng)價(jià),并根據(jù)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果提出具有針對(duì)性對(duì)策。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, China has the largest energy consumption in the world, especially coal consumption. The survey found that there are 6,850 coal mines in China, and the mining capacity is as high as 5.7 billion tons. The importance of coal production in China's energy consumption structure is self-evident. However, coal mining industry is a special operation industry, is a high-risk industry, coal production accidents occur from time to time. Every year the death toll due to coal mining is as high as several hundred people, which has caused serious loss of life and property for the country, enterprises and people. It is found that the safe production of coal is closely related to "man-machine-ring". It is difficult to prevent and control the accidents in production safety, mainly because the behavior of employees is difficult to control, the machinery and equipment are vulnerable to accidents, the natural environment is difficult to improve, and the coal mining enterprises should prevent the occurrence of accidents in production safety. It is necessary to improve the safety management level and reduce the accident rate and accident loss by perfecting the safety management of "man-machine-ring". As far as "machine" is concerned, coal mining enterprises should combine the characteristics of production. Production scale, according to production safety needs, timely update production equipment, upgrade technical equipment, and regular maintenance and maintenance, to ensure the normal operation of machinery and equipment; In addition, the downhole early warning equipment also needs to be complete, such as gas detector, tube monitoring system, etc., can feedback downhole safety situation at any time, for each downhole staff equipped with a locator, monitoring the location of staff at any time. It can also ensure the safety of employees. As far as "ring" is concerned, although the environment of underground operation is complex and changeable and difficult to improve, enterprises can prevent the occurrence of safety accidents in advance by monitoring the changeable environment in real time. Both "machine" and "ring" can be controlled by enterprises' great input, which are controllable determinants, only "people" are full of uncertainty. A large number of literature studies show that. Unsafe behavior of employees will directly lead to accidents in production safety, in the key factors of safety accidents, the proportion of unsafe behavior of employees is 97.67%. The difficult control of employee behavior not only increases the difficulty of management, but also leads to the occurrence of unsafe factors of material and environment. The reason for the difficulty of safety management is mainly the uncertainty in the process of management. In order to reduce or even eliminate such uncertainty, it is necessary to build a perfect and targeted safety management system in accordance with the specific conditions of the coal mine, and evaluate it by using the evaluation method with strong applicability. Find out the shortcomings of safety management and take effective measures. Based on the statistical data of 3 or more coal mine fatalities in China from 2006 to 2015, the typical accidents are analyzed. Through the effectiveness analysis, the index system of safety management level is established, and then the SEM model is established to analyze the actual effect rate of each influencing factor on the safety management level. Finally, through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the safety management level of a certain mine is evaluated more scientifically and effectively, and the corresponding countermeasures are put forward according to the evaluation results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TD79

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 何剛;蔣倩倩;;行為實(shí)驗(yàn)視角下煤礦員工不安全行為路徑分析[J];工業(yè)安全與環(huán)保;2016年12期

2 孟憲銳;常振興;王永望;劉志雙;劉小龍;吳文廣;張森;;綜放面采空區(qū)自燃“三帶”分布規(guī)律研究[J];煤炭技術(shù);2015年09期

3 方小林;高嵐;;廣東碳匯林評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系構(gòu)建研究[J];廣東農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2015年02期

4 張維民;郭新杰;韓耀軍;;淺談企業(yè)安全文化建設(shè)與安全管理[J];電力安全技術(shù);2014年06期

5 苗成林;孫麗艷;楊力;徐景鴻;;基于結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型的煤礦企業(yè)應(yīng)急救援能力評(píng)價(jià)研究[J];中國(guó)安全生產(chǎn)科學(xué)技術(shù);2014年02期

6 劉東;;基于系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)的煤礦物聯(lián)網(wǎng)模型研究設(shè)計(jì)[J];物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù);2013年07期

7 何葉榮;李慧宗;;鐵礦安全管理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)研究[J];安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2013年04期

8 鮑加峰;;我國(guó)現(xiàn)代煤礦安全管理分析與對(duì)策[J];中國(guó)科技投資;2013年Z1期

9 羅福余;;基于事故致因理論的煤礦安全管理能力結(jié)構(gòu)探析[J];科技資訊;2012年35期

10 魯勝偉;典葉雷;劉東輝;孫群;;淺談普光氣田基層安全管理[J];中國(guó)石油和化工標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與質(zhì)量;2012年13期

，

本文編號(hào)：1472790