發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-21 12:16

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 煙塵發(fā)生 微量進(jìn)料器 光散射法 CCD 濃度測(cè)量　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的加快,工業(yè)粉塵的排放量也日趨增多。為達(dá)到環(huán)保的目的,需要對(duì)工廠排放的粉塵顆粒物的濃度進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)。煙塵濃度測(cè)量分為取樣法和非取樣法兩大類,隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,濾膜稱重等傳統(tǒng)測(cè)量法在實(shí)時(shí)、非接觸等高要求下也暴露出諸多不足。非取樣法得到廣泛研究與應(yīng)用,其中光電法測(cè)量濃度的優(yōu)勢(shì)逐漸凸顯。本文對(duì)光散射法的煙塵發(fā)生及濃度測(cè)量進(jìn)行了研究,主要做了以下幾方面工作:(1)理論分析與仿真。由于裝置的設(shè)計(jì)選型和參數(shù)選擇以及后續(xù)實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)量的需要,本文基于Mie散射理論,給出了在一定立體角范圍內(nèi)的散射光通量與質(zhì)量濃度呈正相關(guān)的結(jié)論,對(duì)粒子粒徑、相對(duì)折射率與散射光強(qiáng)相位分布的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了仿真分析,結(jié)果表明:單獨(dú)運(yùn)用前向或后向散射法測(cè)量在散射光信號(hào)采集階段受諸多限制,所以提出了一種多傳感器信息融合的方法,即將前后向散射結(jié)合對(duì)較大范圍粒徑粒子濃度進(jìn)行測(cè)量。仿真分析為裝置的設(shè)計(jì)選型、參數(shù)選擇以及后續(xù)實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)量等提供了理論依據(jù)。(2)煙塵發(fā)生及濃度測(cè)量裝置的搭建。在實(shí)驗(yàn)階段,為了模擬實(shí)際工況下煙道中的不同顆粒物粒徑和濃度,設(shè)計(jì)了一種可調(diào)低濃度煙塵發(fā)生裝置,該裝置由微量進(jìn)料器與多種元器件、儀器儀表搭建而成,不僅可發(fā)生可調(diào)濃度的一定量煙塵,還能通過上位機(jī)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控。在Mie散射理論的基礎(chǔ)上,基于光散射法設(shè)計(jì)并搭建了實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置,將前向和后向散射法相結(jié)合,利用CCD相機(jī)采集光信號(hào),較準(zhǔn)確地實(shí)現(xiàn)了實(shí)時(shí)測(cè)量顆粒物濃度。(3)軟件部分主要功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)。(1)完成了裝置各部分的啟停調(diào)節(jié),實(shí)現(xiàn)了模擬煙道數(shù)據(jù)的采集及記錄。技術(shù)人員可對(duì)系統(tǒng)各部分進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控,以及單步調(diào)試,更快速地根據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)控系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。(2)對(duì)散射光強(qiáng)圖像進(jìn)行采集分析后得到煙塵粒子濃度,然后將數(shù)據(jù)傳送到數(shù)據(jù)界面進(jìn)行顯示并且形成歷史曲線存儲(chǔ)到上位機(jī)中,操作人員可以根據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)上傳的各項(xiàng)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),通過上位機(jī)進(jìn)行良好的人機(jī)交互。(4)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究與分析。進(jìn)行了可調(diào)煙塵濃度發(fā)生的實(shí)驗(yàn),在實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的情況下,對(duì)比了裝置運(yùn)行不同時(shí)長(zhǎng)后煙塵發(fā)生的濃度,實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象符合理論分析。另外又進(jìn)行了光散射法測(cè)量粉塵濃度的實(shí)驗(yàn),進(jìn)行了多傳感器信息融合測(cè)量法和單傳感器光散射法測(cè)量的誤差對(duì)比等多組實(shí)驗(yàn),通過分析實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)果表明文中設(shè)計(jì)的光散射法測(cè)量顆粒物濃度的方案是切實(shí)可行的。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of industrialization in our country, the emission of industrial dust is increasing day by day, in order to achieve the purpose of environmental protection. It is necessary to monitor the concentration of dust particles emitted by factories. Smoke concentration measurement can be divided into two categories: sampling method and non-sampling method. With the rapid development of science and technology, traditional measurement methods such as filter membrane weighing are in real time. Non-contact and other high requirements also exposed a number of shortcomings. The non-sampling method has been widely studied and applied. Among them, the advantage of photoelectric method to measure the concentration is becoming more and more obvious. In this paper, the occurrence of smoke and the concentration measurement of light scattering method are studied. The main work is as follows: 1) theoretical analysis and simulation. Due to the design and selection of the device and the need of subsequent experimental measurement, this paper is based on Mie scattering theory. A positive correlation between the scattering flux and the mass concentration in a certain range of solid angles is given. The relationship between particle size, relative refractive index and scattering intensity phase distribution is simulated and analyzed. The results show that there are many limitations in the phase of signal acquisition by using forward or backward scattering method alone, so a multi-sensor information fusion method is proposed. The particle concentration of a large range of particle size is measured by the combination of backward and backward scattering. The simulation analysis is the design and selection of the device. The selection of parameters and subsequent experimental measurements provide a theoretical basis for the occurrence of smoke and the establishment of a concentration measurement device. In the experimental stage, in order to simulate the actual working conditions of different particle size and concentration in the flue. A dust-generating device with adjustable concentration is designed. The device consists of a micro feeder, a variety of components, instruments and instruments, which can not only produce a certain amount of smoke dust with adjustable concentration. On the basis of the Mie scattering theory, the experimental device is designed and built based on the light scattering method. The forward and backward scattering methods are combined to collect the light signal with the CCD camera. The realization of the main functions of the software for real-time measurement of the concentration of particulate matter, I. e., the realization of the main functions of the software. 1) the start and stop regulation of each part of the device is completed. The acquisition and recording of simulated flue data are realized. The technicians can monitor and debug all parts of the system in real time, as well as single step debugging. According to the running state of real-time data control system, the scattered light intensity image is collected and analyzed more quickly, and the concentration of soot particles is obtained. Then the data is transmitted to the data interface for display and the historical curve is stored in the upper computer. The operator can upload the monitoring data according to the real-time. The experimental research and analysis are carried out on the host computer with a good human-computer interaction. The experiment of the adjustable smoke concentration is carried out under the condition of relatively stable experimental environment. The experimental phenomenon is in accordance with the theoretical analysis. In addition, the light scattering method is used to measure the dust concentration. Through the analysis of the experimental data, the error comparison between the multi-sensor information fusion measurement method and the single-sensor light scattering method is carried out. The results show that the scheme designed in this paper for measuring the concentration of particulate matter is feasible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X851;O436.2

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 曲松;李媚;黃玉虎;任碧琪;秦建平;孫雪松;王軍玲;;光散射顆粒物監(jiān)測(cè)儀在環(huán)境空氣監(jiān)測(cè)中的適用性[J];環(huán)境工程學(xué)報(bào);2015年12期

2 張燕紅;韓慶龍;劉瑜;李祁;;基于邊緣檢測(cè)的分割方法的研究及Matlab實(shí)現(xiàn)[J];福建電腦;2014年09期

3 王超;李可;杜奔新;;虛擬儀器技術(shù)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的應(yīng)用研究[J];實(shí)驗(yàn)技術(shù)與管理;2013年12期

4 陳文岳;韓躍新;陳曉龍;;X射線輻射分選的原理及其應(yīng)用[J];現(xiàn)代礦業(yè);2013年04期

5 李昆;鐘磊;張洪泉;;煙塵濃度測(cè)量方法綜述[J];傳感器與微系統(tǒng);2013年02期

6 龍正偉;馮壯波;姚強(qiáng);;靜電除塵器數(shù)值模擬[J];化工學(xué)報(bào);2012年11期

7 陳菁;張立;;兩種空氣折射率測(cè)量方法研究[J];實(shí)驗(yàn)技術(shù)與管理;2012年09期

8 喬玉霜;王靜;王建英;;城市大氣可吸入顆粒物的研究進(jìn)展[J];中國(guó)環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè);2011年02期

9 葉永祥;張旭寧;;基于歐姆龍PLC的PID調(diào)節(jié)[J];自動(dòng)化技術(shù)與應(yīng)用;2009年07期

10 楊娟;卞保民;顧芳;陸建;;光散射計(jì)數(shù)法顆粒群質(zhì)量測(cè)量的數(shù)學(xué)模型[J];光學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2009年02期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前1條

1 朱一川;張晶;周文剛;畢昕;;粉塵監(jiān)測(cè)方法的相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及光散射式快速測(cè)塵儀器最新進(jìn)展[A];中國(guó)職業(yè)安全健康協(xié)會(huì)2007年學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前6條

1 陳庭將;光散射法在顆粒測(cè)量技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用[D];西安電子科技大學(xué);2011年

2 張慶偉;低溫靶干涉圖像的數(shù)字圖像處理研究[D];電子科技大學(xué);2010年

3 趙亞洲;基于后向Mie散射的煙塵濃度測(cè)量方法研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2010年

4 王瑩;提高光度計(jì)法可吸入顆粒物質(zhì)量濃度測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的精度研究[D];南京理工大學(xué);2008年

5 于曉;光散射顆粒物濃度測(cè)量?jī)x特征參數(shù)的標(biāo)定方法研究[D];南京理工大學(xué);2007年

6 李雪鵑;基于雙目視差的數(shù)字式測(cè)距望遠(yuǎn)鏡[D];天津大學(xué);2007年

，

本文編號(hào)：1451453