本文關(guān)鍵詞： 聚氨酯(PU) 叔胺 液相反應(yīng) 催化加氫　出處：《華東理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：聚氨酯材料因其優(yōu)良的機(jī)械性能、耐化學(xué)品性和良好的裝飾性、耐磨性及干燥快等特點越來越受到重視,在材料工業(yè)中占據(jù)重要地位。催化劑是聚氨酯材料的重要組成部分,現(xiàn)有聚氨酯催化劑合成工藝條件苛刻,大多要求高溫高壓,研究開發(fā)新型聚氨酯催化劑合成工藝對簡潔高效制備優(yōu)良聚氨酯材料有理論指導(dǎo)意義和實用價值。本文對四種叔胺類聚氨酯催化劑的合成方法進(jìn)行研究,實驗采用液相催化加氫法制備叔胺聚氨酯催化劑,研究了原料、催化劑、溫度、壓力等因素對叔胺類聚氨酯催化劑合成工藝的影響,得到了叔胺類聚氨酯催化劑制備的最佳工藝條件。通過以上研究得到了以下結(jié)果:1)以二乙二醇(DEG)和二甲胺(DMA)為原料,Ni50為催化劑合成雙(二甲氨基乙基)醚(BDMAEE),在150℃、40bar時,二乙二醇的轉(zhuǎn)化率可達(dá)62.01%,二甲氨基乙氧基乙醇(DMAEE)的選擇性為62.08%,BDMAEE的選擇性為4.10%。2)以二甲氨基丙胺(DMAPA)和二甲氨基丙腈(DMAPN)為原料,以A2C(Solvay公司自制)為催化劑合成了雙-(3-二甲基丙氨基)胺(縮寫為Bis-DMAPA)和三-(二甲氨丙基)胺(縮寫為Tris-DMAPA)。在60℃-65℃、15bar、催化劑用量為2.7wt.%、二甲氨基丙胺(DMAPA)和二甲氨基丙腈(DMAPN)質(zhì)量比為2時,得到雙-(3-二甲基丙氨基)胺(Bis-DMAPA)和三-(二甲氨丙基)胺(Tris-DMAPA)的總產(chǎn)率為98%,產(chǎn)物中雙-(3-二甲基丙氨基)胺(Bis-DMAPA)和三-(二甲氨丙基)胺(Tris-DMAPA)的比例為1:1。3)以苯甲醛(PhCHO)與二甲胺(DMA)為原料,鈀/碳為催化劑合成N,N-二甲基芐胺(BDMA),在苯甲醛(PhCHO)和二甲胺(DMA)的摩爾比為1:1.03、催化劑用量為0.2wt.%、反應(yīng)釜壓力為25bar、加氫溫度為T3+20℃、反應(yīng)時間為3h-4h時,反應(yīng)選擇性為99%,催化劑可重復(fù)利用。本文通過對四種叔胺類聚氨酯催化劑合成方法的研究,獲得了催化劑制備工藝參數(shù),驗證了采用液相催化加氫法能夠制得高效叔胺類聚氨酯催化劑,結(jié)果為叔胺類聚氨酯催化劑的開發(fā)和應(yīng)用奠定了良好的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Polyurethane materials have attracted more and more attention due to their excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance, good decoration, wear resistance and fast drying. The catalyst is an important part of polyurethane material. The existing synthesis conditions of polyurethane catalyst are harsh, and most of them require high temperature and high pressure. The research and development of new polyurethane catalyst synthesis technology has theoretical significance and practical value for simple and efficient preparation of excellent polyurethane materials. In this paper, four kinds of tertiary amine polyurethane catalyst synthesis methods are studied. Tertiary amine polyurethane catalyst was prepared by liquid phase catalytic hydrogenation. The effects of raw materials, catalyst, temperature and pressure on the synthesis process of tertiary amine polyurethane catalyst were studied. The optimum conditions for the preparation of tertiary amine polyurethane catalysts were obtained. The following results were obtained: 1) using diethylene glycol (DEG) and dimethylamine (DMA) as raw materials. Bis (dimethylamino ethyl) ether was synthesized with Ni50 as catalyst. The conversion of diethylene glycol could reach 62.01% at 150 鈩，

本文編號：1446286