本文關(guān)鍵詞：特厚煤層巷道頂板冒頂機(jī)理與控制技術(shù)研究　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 冒頂 大變形回采巷道 塑性區(qū) 可接長(zhǎng)式錨桿

【摘要】：巷道冒頂控制問(wèn)題一直以來(lái)是巷道支護(hù)領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn),冒頂事故具有較高的隱蔽性、突發(fā)性和高度危險(xiǎn)性,給人們帶來(lái)了巨大的精神壓力、心理恐懼和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。巷道頂板的塑性破壞是產(chǎn)生冒頂?shù)闹匾?揭示回采巷道冒頂機(jī)理必須掌握巷道圍巖的塑性區(qū)分布規(guī)律,由于回采巷道圍巖所處的應(yīng)力場(chǎng)環(huán)境特征一般是非均勻的,這種環(huán)境下的圍巖塑性破壞形態(tài)勢(shì)必出現(xiàn)不同于均勻應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的形態(tài)特征。因此,研究非均勻應(yīng)力場(chǎng)條件下巷道冒頂機(jī)理,尋求解決巷道冒頂問(wèn)題的實(shí)用理論和方法是煤礦開(kāi)采中亟待解決的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題之一。采用理論分析的方法推導(dǎo)出不均勻應(yīng)力場(chǎng)下圍巖的塑性區(qū)分布的理論公式,并分析不均勻應(yīng)力場(chǎng)下巷道圍巖的塑性區(qū)的影響因素,得出巷道的埋藏深度、巷道的開(kāi)挖半徑、巷道的側(cè)壓系數(shù)以及圍巖的內(nèi)聚力和內(nèi)摩察角等因素對(duì)巷道圍巖塑性區(qū)的深度有影響,并且揭示了回采巷道冒頂機(jī)理,頂板含有軟弱巖層且塑性區(qū)穿透下位堅(jiān)硬巖層在該軟弱巖層重新形成,伴有巨大的膨脹壓力和強(qiáng)烈變形,這種圍巖的變形破壞在現(xiàn)有技術(shù)條件幾乎是給定的,使下位堅(jiān)硬巖層受到持續(xù)、巨大的“擠壓”載荷,致使其發(fā)生斷裂破壞,當(dāng)這種軟弱巖層區(qū)域的塑性區(qū)形成產(chǎn)生的變形達(dá)到一定的程度后,其下位堅(jiān)硬巖層則徹底失穩(wěn)垮落,如果此時(shí)支護(hù)不再能承擔(dān)頂板破壞巖石的重量,巷道便發(fā)生冒頂。因此,在大變形回采巷道受到不均勻應(yīng)力的影響下圍巖的塑性破壞及其產(chǎn)生的變形在現(xiàn)有支護(hù)條件下幾乎是給定的,應(yīng)懫用能夠適應(yīng)圍巖大變形、可持續(xù)提供較高工作阻力、具有足夠錨固范圍的支護(hù)材料,遏制塑性區(qū)圍巖的惡性擴(kuò)展,保證塑性區(qū)圍巖的穩(wěn)定,進(jìn)而消除冒頂隱患,形成了以接長(zhǎng)錨桿為主的支護(hù)手段。本文以陳家溝煤礦8512工作面為工程實(shí)例,采用flac3D數(shù)值模擬軟件,模擬了回采巷道在掘進(jìn)期間、距離回采工作面10m,距離回采工作面0m等情況下,塑性破壞區(qū)分布、垂直和水平應(yīng)力分布、豎直方向的位移分布、最大和最小主應(yīng)力分布,巷道和工作面周邊圍巖體塑性區(qū)的破壞分布等云圖,以了解大變形回采巷道圍巖節(jié)理裂隙的發(fā)育和擴(kuò)展情況,并以8512工作面為工程實(shí)例,布置觀測(cè)站監(jiān)測(cè)巷道在普通支護(hù)情況下和采用加長(zhǎng)錨桿支護(hù)情況下巷道圍巖的頂?shù)装逡平亢蛢蓭鸵平?確定采用加長(zhǎng)錨桿情況下巷道的支護(hù)效果,為這類大變形回采巷道的冒頂機(jī)理和控制提出寶貴的意見(jiàn)。
[Abstract]:Roadway roof control problem has always been the research hotspot and difficulty in roadway support field. Roof fall accident has high concealment, sudden and high risk, which brings great mental pressure to people. Psychological fear and property loss. Plastic damage of roadway roof is an important cause of roof fall. It is necessary to master the distribution of plastic zone of roadway surrounding rock to reveal the roof falling mechanism of mining roadway. Because the surrounding rock stress field of mining roadway is generally non-uniform, the plastic failure pattern of surrounding rock in this environment is bound to be different from the uniform stress field. The mechanism of roadway roof fall under the condition of non-uniform stress field is studied. It is one of the key problems to be solved urgently in coal mining to seek practical theory and method to solve the problem of roadway roof fall. The theoretical formula for the distribution of plastic zone of surrounding rock under uneven stress field is derived by using the method of theoretical analysis. The factors influencing the plastic zone of surrounding rock of roadway under uneven stress field are analyzed and the buried depth of roadway and the excavation radius of roadway are obtained. Factors such as lateral pressure coefficient of roadway, cohesion of surrounding rock and angle of inner inspection have influence on the depth of plastic zone of surrounding rock of roadway, and reveal the mechanism of roof fall in mining roadway. The roof contains soft rock and the plastic zone penetrates through the lower hard rock layer to form again in this soft rock formation, accompanied by huge expansion pressure and strong deformation, this kind of surrounding rock deformation and failure is almost given in the existing technical conditions. So that the lower hard rock is subjected to sustained, huge "squeeze" load, resulting in fracture failure, when the formation of the plastic zone of this kind of soft rock formation to a certain extent of deformation. Its lower hard rock is completely unstable collapse, if the support can no longer bear the weight of roof damage rock, the roadway will fall. Under the influence of uneven stress in large deformation mining roadway, the plastic failure of surrounding rock and its resulting deformation are almost given under the existing supporting conditions, which can adapt to the large deformation of surrounding rock. It can provide high working resistance, enough support material with enough anchoring range, restrain the malignant expansion of surrounding rock in plastic zone, ensure the stability of surrounding rock in plastic zone, and then eliminate the hidden danger of roof fall. This paper takes 8512 face of Chenjiagou Coal Mine as an engineering example and uses flac3D numerical simulation software to simulate the excavation period of mining roadway. The distribution of plastic failure zone, vertical and horizontal stress, vertical displacement distribution, maximum and minimum principal stress distribution are obtained in the case of 10 m distance mining face and 0 m distance mining face. In order to understand the development and expansion of jointed cracks in the surrounding rock mass of large deformation mining roadway, the failure distribution of surrounding rock plastic zone around roadway and working face is discussed in this paper, and the engineering example of 8512 face is taken as an engineering example. Layout observation station to monitor the roadway in the case of ordinary support and the use of extended anchor bolt to support the surrounding rock roof and floor of the roadway near the amount and two sides to determine the roadway support effect under the condition of the use of extended bolt. Some valuable suggestions are put forward for the roof falling mechanism and control of this kind of large deformation roadway.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD327.2

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