本文關(guān)鍵詞：改性PVC耐低溫性能的研究　出處：《浙江理工大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 聚氯乙烯 SBR PNBR NR-541 涂覆 改性 耐低溫

【摘要】：伴隨著國民經(jīng)濟的迅速發(fā)展,高性能材料的應用越來越廣泛。聚氯乙烯(PVC)以其優(yōu)異的阻燃性、透光性、良好的機械性能和其低廉的成本,深受廣大企業(yè)和用戶的喜愛。目前,聚氯乙烯大量被用于涂層材料,以化纖、玻纖、棉纖等為基布,將PVC材料均勻的涂覆在織物的表面,以獲得具有特殊功能的功能性材料,例如:防水性、阻燃性、增強、增韌、防風性以及改善織物的表面形貌等。但是這些都沒有改善PVC涂層織物的耐寒性能,長時間在低溫環(huán)境下,PVC涂層材料會發(fā)生脆化,產(chǎn)品變硬變脆,不僅破壞了產(chǎn)品的美觀性、還降低了涂層織物的綜合使用性能。本論文從PVC涂層漿料的改性入手,以改善PVC膜材的耐低溫性能為基礎(chǔ),制備耐低溫的PVC涂層織物。論文主要分為4個方面:第一部分,研究納米橡膠SBR粒子改性PVC膜材的性能研究;第二部分,納米橡膠PNBR粒子改性PVC膜材的性能研究;第三部分,納米橡膠NR-541粒子改性PVC膜材的性能研究;第四部分,涂覆工藝對各類改性PVC涂層織物性能的影響。通過對各類改性PVC材料的流變性能、力學性能、低溫性能、微觀結(jié)構(gòu)等的研究,其結(jié)果表明:(1)隨著SBR橡膠的加入,PVC漿料體系黏度上升,粒子團聚明顯,流變性隨著溫度的上升先下降后上升。當SBR含量為6 wt%時,當溫度為65℃時,PVC體系黏度值為4500 mPa·s左右,符合工業(yè)加工、涂覆標準。同時當SBR含量為6 wt%時,PVC/SBR膜材的斷裂伸長率為322%,提高了29.7%,㧟20℃時斷裂伸長率為219.6%,提高了21%,但是在㧟40℃沒有改善其性能。(2)PNBR橡膠粒子的加入,會PVC膜材體系的黏度,但是其影響小于SBR粒子,且PNBR粒子分散性優(yōu)于SBR粒子。但是PNBR粒子的加入會嚴重影響膜材的透光率和霧度,并且膜材會產(chǎn)生一定的色澤,影響后期顏色的改變。PNBR能有效的提高PVC膜材的韌性和耐寒性,當PNBR含量為6 wt%時,在常溫下其斷裂伸長率為337.4%,提升了35.3%;拉伸強度為12.6 MPa,提高了40%。在㧟20℃時,斷裂伸長率為249.5%,比純PVC膜材提高了37.84%,拉伸強力提高了15%;在㧟40℃時,斷裂伸長率為63%,比純PVC膜材提高了21%左右。(3)NR-541橡膠粒子的加入,對PVC體系黏度的影響最小,當其含量9wt%時,其黏度值不會超過4500 mPa·s,可以在常溫下直接涂覆。而且當NR-541含量為6 wt%時,對PVC膜材斷裂伸長率提高80%,在㧟40℃的溫度下,可以提高PVC膜材50%左右的斷裂伸長率,能極大的改善PVC的耐低溫性能。(4)PVC/SBR、PVC/NR-541的最佳烘焙溫度為175℃,PVC/PNBR的最佳溫度為180℃附近。且通過溫度交替實驗,拉伸實驗、紫外老化實驗以及微光結(jié)構(gòu)實驗等發(fā)現(xiàn),PVC/NR-541材料涂覆后的材料不僅與PVC基體有很好的相容性,而且能有效的滲透到基布的內(nèi)部,形成有效的粘接作用,同時其耐低溫、耐紫外性能最佳。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the national economy, is used more and more widely. The high performance material of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with its excellent flame retardancy, transparency, good mechanical properties and low cost, the majority of enterprises and consumers. At present, a large number of PVC are used in coating materials, chemical fiber, glass fiber. Such as cotton fiber fabric, coated PVC material evenly on the surface of the fabric, functional materials, in order to obtain with special functions such as waterproof, flame retardant, reinforcing, toughening, windproof and improve the surface morphology of the fabric and so on. But these did not improve the cold resistance of PVC coated fabric. Long time in the low temperature environment, PVC coating materials become brittle, brittle and hard products, not only destroyed the beauty of the product, but also reduces the comprehensive use of coating fabric properties. This paper from the PVC slurry coating modification of PVC membrane materials to improve The performance of low temperature resistant based PVC coating preparation of low temperature resistant fabric. This paper is mainly divided into 4 parts: the first part, study on properties of nano SBR modified PVC rubber particle membrane material; the second part, study on properties of nano PNBR modified PVC rubber particle membrane material; the third part, study on the performance of nano NR-541 rubber particle modified PVC membrane material; the fourth part, effect of coating process on the modification of various PVC coated fabrics. The rheological properties of modified PVC material mechanical properties, temperature properties, microstructure study, the results showed that: (1) with the addition of SBR rubber, rise PVC slurry viscosity, particle aggregation, rheological property with the increase of temperature decreased and then increased. When the content of SBR is 6 wt%, when the temperature is 65 degrees centigrade, the viscosity value of PVC was 4500 mPa - s, in line with industrial processing, coating standard. At the same time when the SBR content is 6 wt% And the elongation of PVC/SBR membrane was 322%, increased by 29.7%, 20? C fracture elongation is 219.6%, increased by 21%, but in 40? C did not improve its performance. (2) joined the PNBR rubber particles, PVC membrane viscosity, but its effect is less than SBR particles and PNBR particles the dispersion is better than that of SBR particles. The transmittance and haze but PNBR particles will seriously affect the membrane, and the membrane material will produce a certain color, the color change effect of the late.PNBR PVC membrane can improve effectively the toughness and resistance to cold, when the PNBR content is 6 wt%, at room temperature, the fracture the elongation is 337.4%, up 35.3%; the tensile strength is 12.6 MPa, increased by 40%. in 20? C, elongation was 249.5%, 37.84% higher than the pure PVC membrane, the tensile strength increased by 15%; in 40? C, the elongation is 63% than that of pure PVC membrane increased by about 21%. (3) NR-541 rubber particle Sub join, influence on the viscosity of the PVC minimum, when the content of 9wt%, the viscosity value is not more than 4500 mPa - s, can be at room temperature directly coated. And when NR-541 content is 6 wt%, the PVC membrane elongation increased 80%,? Temperature of 40 DEG C, can elongation PVC membrane increased about 50%, can greatly improve the performance of low temperature resistant. PVC (4) PVC/SBR PVC/NR-541, the best baking temperature is 175 DEG C, the optimum temperature is 180 DEG C PVC/PNBR. And the temperature near the alternate experiment, tensile test, UV aging experiment and found that light structure experiment, PVC/NR-541 coating material after the material not only with the PVC matrix has good compatibility, and can effectively penetrate into the internal fabric, bonding effect, while its low temperature resistance, anti ultraviolet performance is the best.

【學位授予單位】：浙江理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TS106

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