發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-12-31 22:10

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：燕麥麩多糖超聲微波協(xié)同提取工藝優(yōu)化及對(duì)高脂血大鼠的降脂作用研究　出處：《黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 燕麥麩多糖 超聲微波 協(xié)同提取 SD大鼠 高脂血癥

【摘要】：研究顯示,燕麥麩皮多糖具有調(diào)節(jié)體內(nèi)膽固醇、血壓、血脂、血糖水平及提高免疫力等生理功能。本實(shí)驗(yàn)在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,研究提取燕麥麩皮中多糖混合物的新方法,以提高得率。針對(duì)所提取的燕麥麩多糖進(jìn)一步研究其對(duì)高脂血癥模型大鼠的血脂調(diào)節(jié)作用。超聲微波協(xié)同提取工藝的研究。以燕麥麩皮為原料,采用超聲微波協(xié)同法提取燕麥麩多糖。通過(guò)單因素試驗(yàn)探討微波功率、液料比、p H和超聲-微波協(xié)同時(shí)間對(duì)燕麥麩多糖得率及純度的影響,并通過(guò)二次回歸中心組合試驗(yàn)、響應(yīng)面分析法確定燕麥麩多糖提取的最佳工藝參數(shù)。得出最佳工藝條件為:微波功率639 W、液料比36:1、p H10、超聲-微波協(xié)同時(shí)間18 min。與傳統(tǒng)水提法相比,燕麥麩多糖得率從4.30%提高到8.45%。通過(guò)掃描電鏡及紅外光譜分析得出得到的燕麥麩多糖結(jié)構(gòu)未發(fā)生改變。高脂血癥動(dòng)物模型造模方法的研究。以SD大鼠為試驗(yàn)材料,研究建立高效而穩(wěn)定的高脂血癥動(dòng)物模型。比較了高脂飼料喂養(yǎng)法和高脂乳劑灌胃法兩種常用的大鼠高脂血癥模型造模方法。通過(guò)記錄大鼠體重變化、檢測(cè)大鼠血脂六項(xiàng)水平和病理切片評(píng)價(jià)兩種造模方法。結(jié)果顯示:造模4周后高脂飼料組及高脂乳劑組大鼠血脂六項(xiàng)水平均與空白對(duì)照組大鼠差異顯著,造模結(jié)束后5周內(nèi)高脂飼料組模型穩(wěn)定性高于高脂乳劑組;觀察肝臟病理切片結(jié)果顯示與空白對(duì)照組相比高脂飼料組大鼠肝臟脂肪滴大小、數(shù)量及病理變異情況更加顯著,因此采用高脂飼料喂養(yǎng)法對(duì)SD大鼠建立高脂血癥模型。燕麥麩多糖對(duì)高脂血癥SD大鼠降脂效果的研究。建立高脂血癥動(dòng)物模型后,除空白對(duì)照組及高脂模型對(duì)照組外,其余各組分別以燕麥麩多糖(高、中、低劑量)、燕麥麩皮粉(高、中、低劑量)和市售β-葡聚糖保健品(高、中、低劑量)灌胃,比較各組大鼠灌胃后的各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)。結(jié)果顯示:燕麥麩多糖中劑量組降脂效果最優(yōu),與降脂前對(duì)比,燕麥麩多糖中劑量組血清TC降低了1.079 mmol/m L,TG提高了0.341 mmol/m L,HDL-C降低了0.579 mg/d L,LDL-C降低了0.489 mg/d L;肝臟病理切片觀察結(jié)果顯示:燕麥麩多糖中劑量組肝臟細(xì)胞中脂肪空泡現(xiàn)象改善效果最佳。與燕麥麩皮粉高劑量組及β-葡聚糖高劑量組比較差異不顯著。最終研究結(jié)果表明:采用超聲微波協(xié)同提取工藝提取燕麥麩中的多糖混合物,具有提高得率的明顯效果。燕麥麩中的多糖提取物對(duì)高脂血癥大鼠的血脂水平具有較好的調(diào)節(jié)作用,且劑量不呈現(xiàn)量效關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Studies have shown that oat bran polysaccharides have the physiological functions of regulating cholesterol, blood pressure, blood lipid, blood glucose level and improving immunity. A new method for extracting polysaccharide mixture from oat bran was studied. In order to improve the yield, the effects of oat bran polysaccharides on lipid regulation in hyperlipidemic rats were further studied. The ultrasonic microwave synergistic extraction process was studied. Oat bran was used as raw material. The extraction of oat bran polysaccharides by ultrasonic microwave synergy was studied. The effects of microwave power, ratio of liquid to material H and ultrasonic microwave synergistic time on the yield and purity of oat bran polysaccharides were investigated by single factor experiment. The optimum extraction parameters of oat bran polysaccharides were determined by the quadratic regression center combination test and response surface analysis. The optimum technological conditions were obtained as follows: microwave power 639 W, ratio of liquid to material 36: 1. Compared with traditional water extraction, the synergistic time of ultrasound and microwave was 18 min. The polysaccharide yield of oat bran was increased from 4.30% to 8.45.The structure of the polysaccharide obtained from oat bran was not changed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and infrared spectroscopy. SD rats were used as experimental materials. The aim of this study was to establish an animal model of hyperlipidemia with high efficiency and stability. Two commonly used models of hyperlipidemia in rats were compared by feeding with high fat diet and feeding with high fat emulsion. The changes of body weight of rats were recorded. Six levels of serum lipids and two methods of evaluating rat models by pathological section were determined. The results showed that the six levels of serum lipids in the high fat diet group and the high fat emulsion group were significantly different from those in the blank control group after 4 weeks of model making. The stability of the model in the high-fat diet group was higher than that in the high-fat emulsion group within 5 weeks after the establishment of the model. Compared with the control group, the size, quantity and pathological variation of hepatic fat droplets in the high-fat diet group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Therefore, the hyperlipidemia model of SD rats was established by hyperlipidemic feed method. The effect of oat bran polysaccharide on hyperlipidemia SD rats was studied. After the establishment of hyperlipidemia animal model. In addition to the blank control group and the hyperlipidemia model control group, the other groups were treated with oat bran polysaccharide (high, medium, low dose), oat bran powder (high, medium, low dose) and market 尾 -glucan health products (high, medium and low) respectively. The results showed that oat bran polysaccharide medium dose group had the best effect of lowering lipid, and compared with that before lipid lowering. In the middle dose group of oat bran polysaccharide, serum TC decreased by 1.079 mmol/m / L and TG increased by 0.341 mmol/m / L. HDL-C decreased 0.579 mg/d / L, LDL-C decreased by 0.489 mg/d / L; The pathological examination of liver showed that:. The effect of oat bran polysaccharides medium dose group on the improvement of fat vacuole in liver cells was the best, but there was no significant difference between the high dose group of oat bran powder and the high dose group of 尾 -glucan. Finally, the results showed that:. The polysaccharide mixture from oat bran was extracted by ultrasonic microwave synergistic extraction process. The polysaccharide extract from oat bran had a good effect on the blood lipid level of hyperlipidemia rats, and the dose had no dose-effect relationship.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TS210.9;TS201.4

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