本文選題：淡化濃海水　切入點：自然蒸發(fā)　出處：《天津科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：淡水資源短缺已成為當(dāng)今社會發(fā)展的一大熱點問題,發(fā)展海水淡化工程是解決沿海地區(qū)淡水資源短缺問題的一種有效的途徑。采用自然蒸發(fā)濃縮技術(shù)對海水淡化濃海水進(jìn)行處理,能夠有效地解決淡化濃海水綜合利用問題,有效避免了濃海水排放對海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境造成的影響。通過淡化濃海水自然蒸發(fā)濃縮制鹽,擴(kuò)大了海水淡化產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈,做到了海水資源的充分、高效利用,同時降低了海水淡化產(chǎn)業(yè)的成本,研究意義重大。設(shè)計建設(shè)了室內(nèi)淡化濃海水自然蒸發(fā)模擬實驗系統(tǒng),該模擬系統(tǒng)為5×8m2的獨立空間,可以對影響淡化濃海水自然蒸發(fā)的氣象因素和操作條件進(jìn)行良好的控制。該系統(tǒng)可以模擬研究氣象因素,包括輻照強(qiáng)度、環(huán)境溫度、空氣相對濕度、風(fēng)速四個因素；另外對相關(guān)操作條件即鹵水溫度、鹵水濃度以及鹵水深度三個因素實施聯(lián)動控制。實驗數(shù)據(jù)信號自動跟蹤、采集并保存。以渤海灣某淡化廠濃海水為原料,根據(jù)天津市濱海新區(qū)當(dāng)?shù)貧庀鬆顩r,模擬了全年不同氣象條件和操作條件下淡化濃海水自然蒸發(fā)過程。實驗分析結(jié)果表明：在其它條件相同或相近的情況下,輻照強(qiáng)度越大,環(huán)境溫度和鹵水溫度越高,風(fēng)速越大,淡化濃海水自然蒸發(fā)速率則越大；空氣相對濕度大,鹵水濃度越高,淡化濃海水自然蒸發(fā)速率則越小。對于天津市典型氣象條件,即輻照強(qiáng)度為600±50W/m2、環(huán)境溫度為25±1℃、空氣相對濕度為40%±5%、鹵水溫度為25±1℃、風(fēng)速為4.0±1m/s、鹵水濃度為6±1°Be'、鹵水濃度約為20cm時,蒸發(fā)速率大小位于0.29mm/h～0.43 mm/h之間�；贛atlab軟件建立淡化濃海水自然蒸發(fā)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型,通過對實驗數(shù)據(jù)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)訓(xùn)練,所得模型預(yù)測值與真實值的平均相對誤差為27.9%,模型訓(xùn)練效果較好；運用模型對非訓(xùn)練樣本進(jìn)行預(yù)測,所得預(yù)測值與實驗值平均相對誤差為16.7%,證明模型比較準(zhǔn)確可靠,其預(yù)測能力較好。運用自然蒸發(fā)模型對淡化濃海水進(jìn)行單因素和多因素分析。單因素分析結(jié)果表明,模型預(yù)測得到的單因素規(guī)律與實驗分析得到的規(guī)律一致,同樣驗證了本實驗建立的淡化濃海水自然蒸發(fā)模型的準(zhǔn)確性。多因素正交試驗分析結(jié)果表明,淡化濃海水自然蒸發(fā)各因素對蒸發(fā)速率的影響大小(以極差R值表示)依次為：輻照強(qiáng)度(0.224)鹵水溫度(0.157)≈風(fēng)速(0.148)空氣相對濕度(0.109)環(huán)境溫度(0.056)。
[Abstract]:The shortage of fresh water resources has become a hot issue in social development. Developing seawater desalination project is an effective way to solve the problem of shortage of fresh water resources in coastal areas. The comprehensive utilization of desalination seawater can be effectively solved by using natural evaporation concentration technology to treat desalination concentrated seawater. It can effectively avoid the impact of the concentrated seawater discharge on the marine ecological environment. Through the desalination of the concentrated sea water, the industrial chain of seawater desalination has been expanded, and the full and efficient utilization of the sea water resources has been achieved through the natural evaporation and concentration of desalinated sea water. At the same time, the cost of desalination industry is reduced and the research significance is very important. The simulation system of indoor desalination concentrated seawater evaporation is designed and constructed. The simulation system is an independent space of 5 脳 8m2. The system can simulate and study meteorological factors, including radiation intensity, ambient temperature, air relative humidity and wind speed. In addition, the related operating conditions, that is, brine temperature, brine concentration and brine depth, are controlled by linkage. The experimental data signals are automatically tracked, collected and preserved. The concentrated seawater of a desalination plant in Bohai Bay is used as raw material. Based on the local meteorological conditions of Tianjin Binhai New area, the natural evaporation process of desalinated sea water under different meteorological conditions and operating conditions is simulated throughout the year. The experimental results show that the higher the radiation intensity is, the greater the radiation intensity is under the condition of the same or similar other conditions. The higher the ambient temperature and the brine temperature, the greater the wind speed, the higher the natural evaporation rate of desalinated concentrated seawater, the higher the air relative humidity, the higher the brine concentration, the smaller the natural evaporation rate of desalinated concentrated seawater. When the radiation intensity is 600 鹵50 W / m2, the ambient temperature is 25 鹵1 鈩，

本文編號：1671558