本文選題：鐵　切入點(diǎn)：鈷　出處：《河南師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：藻類(lèi)水華現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生往往是多種因素綜合作用的結(jié)果。對(duì)于浮游藻類(lèi),微量元素的需求量雖然不多,但在浮游藻類(lèi)生長(zhǎng)的代謝過(guò)程中均有重要作用。主要作為酶的輔助因子參與到諸多的生化反應(yīng)過(guò)程中,從而影響藻類(lèi)的光合作用及其生長(zhǎng)。本論文選擇微量元素鐵、鈷、鉬,研究其單獨(dú)作用及聯(lián)合作用對(duì)三種淡水藻類(lèi)生長(zhǎng)的影響,旨在探究不同微量元素濃度下藻類(lèi)細(xì)胞密度和葉綠素a含量的變化規(guī)律及各微量元素與藻類(lèi)生長(zhǎng)指標(biāo)間的相關(guān)程度,從而更有效地估計(jì)淡水水體中浮游藻類(lèi)的生長(zhǎng)情況,為預(yù)防藻類(lèi)水華奠定基礎(chǔ)。在溫度為25℃,光照強(qiáng)度為2800 lx,光暗比為14 h:10 h的實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下,選取銅綠微囊藻、小球藻和小環(huán)藻為研究藻種,在不同實(shí)驗(yàn)濃度的改良Fraquil培養(yǎng)液中培養(yǎng),其中銅綠微囊藻和小球藻培養(yǎng)20天,小環(huán)藻培養(yǎng)14天。用單因素方差分析和Duncan法比較單獨(dú)作用中不同實(shí)驗(yàn)組的差異性,擬合藻類(lèi)的Logistic生長(zhǎng)曲線并分析藻類(lèi)的生長(zhǎng)差異。聯(lián)合作用實(shí)驗(yàn)中利用二次多項(xiàng)式逐步回歸建立三種微量元素與藻類(lèi)各生長(zhǎng)指標(biāo)間的回歸方程,并根據(jù)決策系數(shù)將三種微量元素的綜合作用大小進(jìn)行排序。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:(1)在微量元素鐵的單獨(dú)作用實(shí)驗(yàn)中,當(dāng)鐵濃度為0.6 mg/L時(shí),銅綠微囊藻的生長(zhǎng)情況最好;當(dāng)鐵濃度為1.2 mg/L時(shí),小球藻的生長(zhǎng)情況最好;而當(dāng)鐵濃度為0.3 mg/L時(shí),小環(huán)藻的生長(zhǎng)情況最好。在微量元素鈷的單獨(dú)作用實(shí)驗(yàn)中,當(dāng)鈷濃度為1.48μg/L時(shí),銅綠微囊藻和小球藻的生長(zhǎng)情況最好;而當(dāng)鈷濃度為4.44μg/L時(shí),小環(huán)藻的生長(zhǎng)情況最好;較高的鈷濃度在實(shí)驗(yàn)初期對(duì)藻類(lèi)有一定的刺激作用。在微量元素鉬的單獨(dú)作用實(shí)驗(yàn)中,當(dāng)鉬濃度為4.44μg/L時(shí)小環(huán)藻的生長(zhǎng)情況最好;當(dāng)鉬濃度為1.48μg/L和5.92μg/L時(shí),更有利于銅綠微囊藻和小球藻的細(xì)胞增殖,而鉬濃度為4.44μg/L時(shí),均有利于其葉綠素a的合成;三種淡水藻類(lèi)對(duì)鉬濃度均有較大的適應(yīng)能力。(2)在微量元素鐵、鈷、鉬的聯(lián)合作用實(shí)驗(yàn)中,選擇得到擬合精度較高且具有顯著性的數(shù)學(xué)模型可用于估計(jì)特定條件下藻類(lèi)的增殖。三種微量元素對(duì)三種淡水藻類(lèi)的影響程度均不相同,其中小球藻和小環(huán)藻的各生長(zhǎng)指標(biāo)受到鐵元素的影響最大,而鐵元素對(duì)銅綠微囊藻的最大細(xì)胞密度、平均生長(zhǎng)速率和最大葉綠素a含量的影響均排第二。(3)在藻類(lèi)生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中,銅綠微囊藻和小球藻的葉綠素?zé)晒鈪?shù)Fv/Fm值的降低與其葉綠素a含量的下降具有相似性,然而在不同微量元素濃度的實(shí)驗(yàn)組之間,三種淡水藻類(lèi)的Fv/Fm值差異并未出現(xiàn)明顯規(guī)律,因此Fv/Fm值的變化不能較好地估計(jì)其藻類(lèi)細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng)情況。在評(píng)估不同藻種的微量元素鐵、鈷、鉬的營(yíng)養(yǎng)條件時(shí),Fv/Fm值的大小并不能完全說(shuō)明該藻種的營(yíng)養(yǎng)濃度差異�？傮w看來(lái),微量元素鐵、鈷、鉬濃度較高時(shí)會(huì)限制三種淡水藻類(lèi)的生長(zhǎng),而較低時(shí)有利于其生長(zhǎng);微量元素鐵對(duì)三種淡水藻類(lèi)的影響范圍更大。在利用Fv/Fm值的大小估計(jì)藻類(lèi)的微量元素鐵、鈷、鉬營(yíng)養(yǎng)條件時(shí)具有一定的限制性。
[Abstract]:Algal bloom phenomenon is often the result of many factors. For phytoplankton, demand of trace elements is not much, but has an important role in the metabolic process of growth of phytoplankton. Mainly as an enzyme cofactor involved in many biochemical reaction process, thus affecting the photosynthesis and growth of algae. The trace elements of iron, cobalt, molybdenum, study their effects individually and combined effects of three species of freshwater algae growth effect, related to the degree of growth index changes to explore different trace element concentrations of algae cell density and chlorophyll a content and various trace elements and between algae, so as to effectively estimate the growth Freshwater Phytoplankton, lay the foundation for the prevention of algal bloom. At the temperature of 25 DEG, the light intensity is 2800 LX, the light dark ratio of 14 h:10 h under laboratory conditions, Selection of Microcystis aeruginosa, Chlorella and Cyclotella of algae, cultured in different concentrations of modified Fraquil experiment, the Microcystis aeruginosa and Chlorella cultivation for 20 days, Cyclotella cultured for 14 days. Differences between the different experimental groups by single factor analysis of variance and Duncan method separately in the growth difference Logistic fitting algal growth curve and algae. Stepwise regression analysis of three kinds of trace elements and algae growth index of the regression equation with two polynomial combination experiments, and according to the decision coefficient of the comprehensive effect of three kinds of trace elements on the size of the order. The experimental results show that: (1) in the experimental trace alone. Iron, when iron concentration is 0.6 mg/L, the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa is the best; when the iron concentration was 1.2 mg/L, the growth of Chlorella is best; and when the iron concentration was 0.3 mg/L, small The growth of algae. The best ring in a separate experiment on the effect of trace elements in cobalt, cobalt when the concentration is 1.48 g/L, the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and Chlorella best; and when the cobalt concentration is 4.44 g/L, the growth of Cyclotella best; cobalt concentration has a stimulating effect on algae at the beginning of the experiment. In the experiment of the trace element molybdenum alone, when the growth of Cyclotella best molybdenum concentration is 4.44 g/L; when the molybdenum concentration is 1.48 g/L and 5.92 g/L, more conducive to Microcystis aeruginosa and Chlorella cell proliferation, and the concentration of molybdenum is 4.44 g/L, were in favor of the synthesis of chlorophyll a; adaptability of three species of freshwater algae on molybdenum concentrations were greater. (2) in trace elements of iron, cobalt, molybdenum in the combined effect experiment, mathematical model fitting accuracy and significant can be used to estimate the specific conditions of algae The influence of proliferation. Three kinds of trace elements in three species of freshwater algae are not the same, the growth index of Chlorella and Cyclotella affected by iron, iron on Microcystis maximum cell density, average growth rate and the maximum content of chlorophyll a was second (3). In the course of algae growth, decreased the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm of Microcystis aeruginosa and Chlorella decreased and chlorophyll a content is similar, but in between the experimental group of different concentration of trace elements, three species of freshwater algae Fv/Fm value differences did not appear obvious tendency, so the change of Fv/Fm value can better estimate the growth the algae cells. In the assessment of trace elements iron, different species of cobalt, molybdenum nutrition condition, Fv/Fm value and can not fully explain the differences in nutrient concentration of the algae species. The total body view, Trace elements of iron, cobalt, molybdenum concentration limit of three species of freshwater algae growth, while the lower is conducive to its growth; the influence on three species of freshwater algae trace elements iron more. In the use of Fv/Fm value estimation of trace elements of iron, cobalt and algae, has certain limitations of Molybdenum Nutrition when the condition.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X52;Q945

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