本文選題：北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)　切入點(diǎn)：周跳探測　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：北斗導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)是我國自主研發(fā)的導(dǎo)航定位系統(tǒng),完全建成之后可為全球用戶提供導(dǎo)航定位服務(wù),是繼美國的GPS和俄羅斯的GLONASS之后又一成熟的導(dǎo)航定位系統(tǒng)。北斗導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)在國民生產(chǎn)生活的多個(gè)領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮巨大的作用,對社會(huì)的發(fā)展帶來很大的效益。載波相位觀測量是導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)中的重要觀測量,具有廣泛應(yīng)用,周跳問題又是載波相位應(yīng)用技術(shù)中的特有問題。周跳的存在影響北斗導(dǎo)航定位的準(zhǔn)確性,使用載波相位觀測值進(jìn)行高精度定位時(shí)必須保證觀測值的"干凈",因此進(jìn)行周跳探測修復(fù)是載波相位觀測值使用中一項(xiàng)至關(guān)重要的工作。論文首先介紹了北斗導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)目前的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,從載波相位觀測值的使用入手,引入了載波觀測值中存在的周跳問題。闡述了北斗導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的信號特征,基本觀測量及其線性組合,導(dǎo)航定位中存在的誤差及其誤差處理方法。闡述關(guān)于周跳的基本理論,如定義和產(chǎn)生的原因,對定位精度的影響,探測周跳時(shí)檢測量的構(gòu)造等。對幾種常用周跳檢測量做了對比分析,總結(jié)了各自優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),并最終選擇雙差檢測量作為本次論文實(shí)驗(yàn)的周跳檢測量。其次,論文以GPS周跳探測與修復(fù)方法為基礎(chǔ),分析了小波變換法在周跳探測修復(fù)中的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀。小波變換常被用來進(jìn)行周跳探測而非周跳修復(fù),論文對小波變換法做了進(jìn)一步的探討研究,提出用小波變換法探測周跳后,直接進(jìn)一步修復(fù)周跳的方法。其基本原理是利用小波變換對檢測序列進(jìn)行多尺度分解,不含周跳時(shí)序列是光滑的,若分解之后高頻系數(shù)出現(xiàn)奇異值,說明存在周跳。對奇異值插值替換,再將替換之后的高頻系數(shù)和低頻系數(shù)組合進(jìn)行重構(gòu)信號,與原始信號做差,得到周跳位置的差值,進(jìn)行周跳修復(fù)。通過對修復(fù)之后的序列再次檢測,如果高頻系數(shù)依然存在奇異值,則繼續(xù)替換修復(fù)。重復(fù)以上步驟,直到高頻系數(shù)不再出現(xiàn)奇異值為止,即完成周跳修復(fù)。北斗系統(tǒng)存在地球靜止軌道衛(wèi)星,這是GPS系統(tǒng)中沒有的,其對觀測值影響較大,因此構(gòu)造雙差檢測量時(shí)充分考慮到北斗的這一獨(dú)特性。最后,論文進(jìn)行具體的實(shí)例分析,驗(yàn)證了所提方法的有效性,小波變換可以直接修復(fù)周跳。同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了其中的不足,即修復(fù)過程是逐次完成的。概括了本文所做的工作和取得的成果,為之后的相關(guān)研究奠定基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Beidou Navigation system is a self-developed navigation and positioning system in China. When completed, it can provide navigation and positioning services to global users. After the GPS of the United States and GLONASS of Russia, rare's navigation and positioning system. Beidou navigation system has played a great role in many fields of national production and life. Carrier phase observation is an important observation in navigation system, and it is widely used. Cycle slip problem is also a unique problem in carrier phase application technology. The existence of cycle slip affects the accuracy of Beidou navigation and positioning. It is necessary to ensure the "clean" of the observed values when using the carrier phase observations in high precision positioning. Therefore, the cycle slip detection and repair is a very important work in the use of carrier phase observations. Firstly, this paper introduces the Beidou guide. The current development of the navigation system, Starting with the use of carrier phase observations, the cycle slip problem in carrier observations is introduced. The signal characteristics, basic observations and their linear combinations of Beidou navigation system are expounded. The errors existing in navigation and positioning and the methods to deal with them. The basic theory of cycle slip, such as the definition and the causes, the influence of the error on the positioning accuracy, are expounded. The structure of detecting cycle slip is compared and analyzed, and their advantages and disadvantages are summarized. Finally, double difference detection is chosen as the cycle slip detection in this paper. Secondly, Based on the GPS cycle slip detection and repair method, this paper analyzes the current application of wavelet transform in cycle slip detection and repair. Wavelet transform is often used to detect cycle slip instead of cycle slip repair. In this paper, the wavelet transform method is studied, and the method of detecting cycle slip and repairing cycle slip directly by wavelet transform method is put forward. The basic principle of this method is to decompose the detection sequence by wavelet transform. The sequence without cycle hopping is smooth, if the singular value of the high frequency coefficient appears after decomposition, the existence of cycle slip is indicated. For the interpolation substitution of singular value, the combination of the high frequency coefficient and the low frequency coefficient after the replacement is used to reconstruct the signal, which is different from the original signal. By detecting the sequence after repair, if the high frequency coefficient still exists singular value, continue to replace the repair. Repeat the above steps until the high frequency coefficient no longer have singular value, That is, complete cycle slip repair. Beidou system has a geostationary orbit satellite, which is not found in the GPS system, which has a great influence on the observational values. Therefore, this uniqueness of Beidou is fully taken into account in the construction of double difference detection. Finally, In this paper, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by a concrete example analysis, and the wavelet transform can directly repair the cycle slip. At the same time, the shortcomings of the method are found, that is, the repair process is completed one by one. The work done and the results obtained in this paper are summarized. To lay the foundation for the related research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P228.4

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本文編號：1606053