本文選題：振子強(qiáng)度　切入點(diǎn)：光吸收方法　出處：《中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：振子強(qiáng)度是描寫能級(jí)之間躍遷概率的物理量,屬于物質(zhì)在原子分子層面上的基本參數(shù),在理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)上都極其重要。目前國際上對(duì)此物理量的測(cè)量準(zhǔn)確度大約為10%。本實(shí)驗(yàn)室長(zhǎng)期致力于研究提高振子強(qiáng)度測(cè)量的準(zhǔn)確度。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目的,實(shí)驗(yàn)室在完全自主搭建起高分辨快電子能量損失譜儀后,又增加了相對(duì)流量技術(shù),建立了統(tǒng)一的數(shù)據(jù)絕對(duì)化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。最近我們又基于X-ray散射技術(shù)首次提出了測(cè)量原子分子光學(xué)振子強(qiáng)度的diPole(γ,γ)方法。此外,我們還對(duì)測(cè)量光學(xué)振子強(qiáng)度的光吸收方法進(jìn)行了探索和改進(jìn)。本論文基于電子碰撞方法和光吸收方法,測(cè)量了原子分子的振子強(qiáng)度,取得了一些成果。本論文分為兩大部分,第一部分是基于電子碰撞方法展開的研究,主要包括:利用電子能量損失譜儀在入射電子能量1500eV、能量分辨70meV的條件下,基于相對(duì)流量技術(shù)測(cè)量了 N2分子a"∑g+(v'=0)和a"1∑g+(v'=1)+b1Πu(v'=0)的廣義振子強(qiáng)度。通過對(duì)比電子碰撞的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果和最近的X射線散射實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)于a"1∑g+(v'=0)和a"1∑g+(v'=1)+b1Πu(v'=0),我們的結(jié)果與X射線散射結(jié)果在大動(dòng)量轉(zhuǎn)移出現(xiàn)差異,這表明對(duì)a"1∑g+(v'=0)和a"1∑g+(v'=1),即使入射電子能量1500 eV也沒有達(dá)到一階玻恩近似條件。在動(dòng)量轉(zhuǎn)移平方小于2 a.u.時(shí),a"1∑g+(v'=1)+b1Πu(v'=0)與X射線散射結(jié)果的符合表明,對(duì)b1Πu(v'=0),1500eV入射電子能量已經(jīng)達(dá)到一階玻恩近似條件;第二部分是基于光吸收方法展開的探索性研究,本論文深入探索了基于Beer-Lambert定則的光吸收實(shí)驗(yàn)方法,并詳細(xì)分析了此實(shí)驗(yàn)方法所存在的線飽和效應(yīng)。隨后,為了克服光吸收方法中嚴(yán)重的線飽和效應(yīng),我們提出了雙熒光法,經(jīng)過詳細(xì)的推導(dǎo)表明,原則上這種新的實(shí)驗(yàn)方法不受線飽和效應(yīng)的影響。
[Abstract]:Oscillator strength is a physical quantity describing the transition probability between energy levels, which belongs to the basic parameters of matter at the atomic and molecular level. It is extremely important both theoretically and experimentally. At present, the accuracy of the measurement of this physical quantity in the world is about 10. Our laboratory has long devoted itself to the study of improving the accuracy of oscillator strength measurement. After the laboratory has built a high resolution fast electron energy loss spectrometer completely independently, the relative flow technology has been added. A unified data absolute standard has been established. Recently, based on X-ray scattering technique, a diPole (緯, 緯) method for measuring the optical oscillator strength of atoms and molecules has been proposed for the first time. We have also explored and improved the optical absorption method for measuring the optical oscillator strength. Based on the electron collision method and the optical absorption method, we have measured the oscillator strength of atoms and molecules, and obtained some results. This paper is divided into two parts. The first part is based on the method of electron collision, which includes: the electron energy loss spectrometer is used under the condition that the incident electron energy is 1500 EV and the energy resolution is 70 MEV. Based on the relative flow technique, the generalized oscillator intensities of N _ 2 molecule a "鈭，

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