本文選題：面孔表情　切入點：事件相關電位(event-related　出處：《華僑大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：面孔表情是日常生活中一種重要的非語言交流方式,它蘊含著諸多情緒信息,在社會交往活動中扮演著至關重要的角色。本文使用事件相關電位(event-related potentials,ERPs)技術,分別對面孔表情信息的注意加工及前注意自動加工機制進行研究。研究內(nèi)容主要分為三個部分:其一,選取同一個人的六種表情圖片作為刺激材料,采用單張圖片等概率隨機呈現(xiàn)實驗范式,對面孔表情的注意加工機制進行探討。實驗過程中要求受試注意力集中于表情圖片并判斷其表情類型。分析不同面孔表情所誘發(fā)的ERPs各成分的峰值和潛伏期,此外還觀察了各ERPs成分的全腦激活情況,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),不同面孔表情所誘發(fā)的ERPs早期成分無明顯差異;圖片刺激注視過程中大腦的主要激活區(qū)域為腦后部,而在N170時刻負責情緒調(diào)節(jié)的額葉也有顯著的激活。其二,以視覺失匹配負波(visual mismatch negativity,VMMN)為指標,對面孔表情的前注意自動加工過程進行探討。采用與表情相關的Oddball實驗范式,選取卡通表情圖片為刺激材料,要求受試注意視野中心的十字大小變化,并根據(jù)變化立即做出相應的按鍵判斷,而忽略十字兩邊的卡通表情圖片。對正性與負性表情誘發(fā)的VMMN進行測量分析,結(jié)果表明,大腦對面孔表情信息能進行自動加工,且對正性表情和負性表情的自動加工機制不同,表現(xiàn)為負性表情誘發(fā)的VMMN顯著大于正性表情誘發(fā)的VMMN。其三,采用與第二部分(設為對照組)相同的實驗方法,對社交焦慮障礙(social anxiety disorder,SAD)患者(治療前后)的面孔表情前注意自動加工機制進行研究。分別對治療前后數(shù)據(jù)的VMMN結(jié)果進行測量分析,并與對照組進行比較。結(jié)果顯示,SAD患者正性與負性表情誘發(fā)的VMMN無明顯差異;SAD患者負性表情誘發(fā)的VMMN波幅顯著小于對照組,表現(xiàn)出SAD患者對負性表情的自動加工缺陷;經(jīng)過為期12周的心理干預,SAD患者的病情雖有所緩解,但效果卻不顯著。綜上分析,本文認為大腦對面孔表情的加工處理是非常快速且自動的。研究正常人及SAD患者面孔表情的自動加工并分析其差異,可為SAD的診斷和治療提供參考依據(jù),具有重要的臨床意義。
[Abstract]:Facial expression is an important non-verbal communication method in daily life. It contains a lot of emotional information and plays an important role in social communication. The research includes three parts: firstly, six kinds of facial expression images of the same person are selected as stimulative materials. The experimental paradigm is presented randomly with the same probability as a single picture. The attention processing mechanism of facial expression was discussed. During the experiment, the subjects were asked to focus on the facial expression picture and judge the facial expression type. The peak value and latent period of ERPs components induced by different facial expressions were analyzed. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the early components of ERPs induced by different facial expressions, and the main activation area of the brain during image stimulation was the posterior part of the brain. The frontal lobe, which is responsible for emotion regulation at N170 time, was also activated significantly. Secondly, visual mismatch negativityVMMN (visual mismatch negative wave) was used as an index to explore the process of automatic preattention processing of facial expression. The Oddball experimental paradigm related to facial expression was used. Choosing the cartoon expression picture as the stimulus material, the subjects were asked to pay attention to the change of the cross size in the center of the field of vision, and to make the corresponding keystroke judgment immediately according to the change. The VMMN induced by positive and negative expressions was measured and analyzed. The results showed that the brain could process facial expression information automatically, and the mechanism of automatic processing of positive and negative expressions was different. The expression of VMMN induced by negative expression was significantly higher than that of VMMN induced by positive expression. Third, the same experimental method as the second part (set as the control group) was used. To study the automatic processing mechanism of facial expression before and after treatment in patients with social anxiety disorder (anxiety disordersbefore and after treatment). The results of VMMN were measured and analyzed before and after treatment. The results showed that there was no significant difference between positive and negative expression induced VMMN. The amplitude of VMMN induced by negative expression in SAD patients was significantly lower than that in control group, showing the defect of automatic processing of negative expression in SAD patients. After 12 weeks of psychological intervention, the patients with SAD were relieved, but the effect was not significant. This paper holds that the processing of facial expressions in the brain is very fast and automatic. It is of great clinical significance to study the automatic processing of facial expressions in normal persons and patients with SAD and to analyze the differences between them. It can provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of SAD.
【學位授予單位】：華僑大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R318;TN911.7

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