發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-26 06:34

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 嗅覺網(wǎng)絡(luò) 僧帽細(xì)胞 顆粒細(xì)胞 球旁細(xì)胞 同步性　出處：《華東理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：嗅覺系統(tǒng)是生物感覺神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中非常重要的組成部分,它可以幫助生物分辨不同的氣味,稱之為嗅覺。有氣味的分子微粒跟隨空氣進(jìn)入鼻腔內(nèi)部,被嗅覺感受器捕獲到,之后嗅覺感受器中會(huì)發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)并產(chǎn)生電信號(hào),然后傳遞到嗅球中,嗅球中的各種神經(jīng)元相互作用形成相應(yīng)的時(shí)空編碼,該時(shí)空編碼會(huì)被傳送到嗅皮層中,接著就會(huì)形成嗅覺。其中,嗅球是嗅覺系統(tǒng)的第一處理結(jié)構(gòu),是嗅覺信息處理過程中極其重要的一部分。在嗅覺神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的信號(hào)傳導(dǎo)過程中,僧帽細(xì)胞同步振蕩活動(dòng)模式的變化對于嗅球的編碼與解碼是十分重要的。而僧帽細(xì)胞的同步振蕩活動(dòng)又和顆粒細(xì)胞與球旁細(xì)胞有著密切的關(guān)系。所以,分析僧帽細(xì)胞、顆粒細(xì)胞、球旁細(xì)胞之間的相互作用尤為重要,同時(shí)建立了包含了這三種細(xì)胞的網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型來進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的分析。本文講述了嗅覺系統(tǒng)的生理解剖結(jié)構(gòu)和嗅覺的形成過程,接著說明了嗅覺模型的發(fā)展進(jìn)程和研究近況,以及神經(jīng)信息編碼的研究現(xiàn)狀和主要研究方法,之后介紹了嗅覺系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,詳細(xì)分析了僧帽細(xì)胞、顆粒細(xì)胞和球旁細(xì)胞這三種細(xì)胞的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,經(jīng)過數(shù)值模擬取得了這三種細(xì)胞的發(fā)放模式。最后通過構(gòu)建嗅球電生理網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型,比較了各種不同細(xì)胞和在網(wǎng)絡(luò)條件下它們之間的發(fā)放的差別。并分析了僧帽細(xì)胞集群的同步運(yùn)動(dòng),發(fā)現(xiàn)顆粒細(xì)胞和球旁細(xì)胞的抑制性作用促進(jìn)了僧帽細(xì)胞集群的同步性。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可以促使我們進(jìn)一步理解嗅覺的工作機(jī)制。本課題的研究有助于我們對位于嗅球內(nèi)部的僧帽細(xì)胞、顆粒細(xì)胞和球旁細(xì)胞有一個(gè)較為詳細(xì)的了解,并且了解了三種不同細(xì)胞之間的相互影響,這有助于我們進(jìn)一步了解嗅覺信息的編碼過程,為下一步的研究奠定了良好的基礎(chǔ),即建立更完整的嗅覺模型,主要包括三層結(jié)構(gòu),分別是將氣味信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換成為電信號(hào)的嗅覺感受器,對氣味信息作進(jìn)一步處理的嗅球,以及之后對嗅信息進(jìn)行整合優(yōu)化最終形成嗅覺感受的嗅皮層,從而更具體地研究嗅覺的編碼機(jī)制和形成過程。
[Abstract]:The olfactory system is a very important part of the biological sensory nervous system, which helps organisms distinguish different smells, called olfactory. Smelling molecular particles follow the air into the nasal cavity and are captured by olfactory receptors. Then the olfactory receptors react and generate electrical signals, which are then transmitted to the olfactory bulb, and the various neurons in the olfactory bulb interact to form the corresponding space-time encoding, which is transmitted to the olfactory cortex. The olfactory bulb is the first processing structure of the olfactory system, and it is an extremely important part of the olfactory information processing. In the signal transduction of the olfactory nervous system, The change of synchronous oscillation mode of mitral cells is very important to encode and decode the olfactory bulb, and the synchronous oscillatory activity of mitral cells is closely related to granulosa cells and paracyclic cells. The interaction between granulosa cells and paracyclic cells is particularly important, and a network model containing these three cells is established for further analysis. The physiological anatomical structure of olfactory system and the formation process of olfactory system are described in this paper. Then, the development and research status of olfactory model, the present research status and main research methods of neural information coding are described, and then the dynamics model of olfactory system is introduced, and the mitral cells are analyzed in detail. The dynamic models of granulosa cells and paracyclic cells were obtained by numerical simulation. Finally, an electrophysiological network model of olfactory bulb was constructed. The differences between different cells and their distribution under network conditions were compared, and the synchronous movement of the mitral cell cluster was analyzed. It is found that the inhibitory effect of granulosa cells and paracyclic cells promotes the synchronism of mitral cell clusters. These findings may lead us to further understand the working mechanism of olfactory cells. This study will be helpful to us in the study of olfactory bulb. The mitral cells inside, Granulosa cells and parathyclic cells have a more detailed understanding of the interaction between three different cells, which is helpful to further understand the coding process of olfactory information and lay a good foundation for the next research. That is, to establish a more complete olfactory model, which consists of three layers, which are olfactory receptors that convert odour signals into electrical signals, and olfactory bulbs that further process odour information. Then the olfactory information is integrated and optimized to form the olfactory cortex of olfactory sense, so as to study the encoding mechanism and formation process of olfactory more concretely.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：Q434

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3 張敬虎，，李永材;切除嗅球?qū)?

本文編號(hào)：1536928