本文關(guān)鍵詞： 地應(yīng)力 應(yīng)力解除法 空心包體 室內(nèi)標(biāo)定實驗　出處：《中國地質(zhì)科學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：地應(yīng)力是指客觀賦存于地殼巖體內(nèi)且未受工程擾動的一種自然力,亦稱原巖應(yīng)力。地應(yīng)力測量與研究對地殼中應(yīng)力活動方式的研究,構(gòu)造體系的分析,地殼運動問題的探討,礦山開發(fā)、水利工程和其他地下工程設(shè)計及區(qū)域穩(wěn)定性研究都具有重大的理論意義和實際意義。地應(yīng)力測量室內(nèi)標(biāo)定實驗是對地應(yīng)力測量方法的研究,具有重大的基礎(chǔ)理論意義。本文在梳理國內(nèi)外原地應(yīng)力測量方法研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,詳細(xì)分析了空心包體應(yīng)力計的結(jié)構(gòu)、制作方法以及空心包體應(yīng)力解除法的基本原理和實驗步驟。針對前人研究中存在的問題,依托于地質(zhì)力學(xué)所研制的室內(nèi)地應(yīng)力雙軸標(biāo)定裝置,設(shè)計新的實驗,重點開展了空心包體應(yīng)力解除法室內(nèi)標(biāo)定實驗,分析了空心包體應(yīng)力解除法的可靠性及影響因素,取得的認(rèn)識和成果如下:(1)通過對國內(nèi)外大量相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的閱讀研究,總結(jié)了空心包體應(yīng)力解除法國內(nèi)外發(fā)展歷史,分析了空心包體應(yīng)力解除法室內(nèi)標(biāo)定實驗存在的問題,系統(tǒng)梳理了空心包體應(yīng)力解除法的原理及詳細(xì)的數(shù)據(jù)處理方法和相關(guān)函數(shù)的表達(dá)。(2)修正系數(shù)K會直接影響測量結(jié)果,因此修正系數(shù)K的取值至關(guān)重要。本文從實驗的角度利用模擬解除實驗的結(jié)果來分析修正系數(shù)K的取值,求得修正系數(shù)K的取值范圍為0.70—1.00,平均約為0.82。(3)總結(jié)所有的空心包體應(yīng)力解除法室內(nèi)標(biāo)定實驗的結(jié)果,對于模擬解除實驗,絕大部分結(jié)果應(yīng)力大小的誤差小于0.4MPa,方位角的誤差小于6℃,傾角的誤差小于6°。對于真正的解除實驗,絕大部分結(jié)果應(yīng)力大小的誤差小于0.6MPa,方位角的誤差小于6°,傾角的誤差小于6°。(4)使用了新的溫度補償方法,即在空心包體應(yīng)力計靠近應(yīng)變花的位置處安裝了一個鉑電阻用來記錄解除過程中空心包體應(yīng)力計上工作應(yīng)變花位置處的溫度變化。開始解除時,記下此時的溫度,解除結(jié)束后,將解除的帶有空心包體應(yīng)力計的巖心放入恒溫水浴中,恒溫水浴的溫度為解除開始所記錄的溫度。然后繼續(xù)采集數(shù)據(jù),直到解除巖心中空心包體應(yīng)力計的溫度恒定到水溫時停止,使空心包體應(yīng)力計開始采集數(shù)據(jù)和結(jié)束采集數(shù)據(jù)時的溫差為零,進(jìn)而消除溫度的影響。該方法簡單易行可靠,能夠很好地消除溫度對測量結(jié)果的影響。(5)對比三種巖石試樣的圍壓率定實驗曲線可以看出,花崗巖和凝灰?guī)r的圍壓率定曲線的線性都比較好,而大理巖的圍壓率定曲線的線性較差。隨壓力增大,大理巖的率定曲線有變緩的趨勢。這就會造成較小加載狀態(tài)下模擬解除的實驗結(jié)果偏大,而較大加壓狀態(tài)下模擬解除的實驗結(jié)果偏小。
[Abstract]:The earth stress is a kind of natural force which exists objectively in the crustal rock and is not disturbed by the engineering. It is also called the original rock stress. The measurement and study of the earth stress study the mode of stress activity in the earth's crust, the analysis of the tectonic system, and the discussion of the crustal movement. Mine development, water conservancy engineering and other underground engineering design and regional stability research are of great theoretical and practical significance. The indoor calibration experiment of in-situ stress measurement is a research on the method of in-situ stress measurement. It is of great theoretical significance. Based on the research status of in-situ stress measurement methods at home and abroad, the structure of the hollow inclusion stress meter is analyzed in detail. The fabrication method and the basic principle and experimental steps of the stress relief method for hollow inclusions. In view of the problems existing in the previous studies, a new experiment is designed based on the indoor geo-stress biaxial calibration device developed by the geomechanics. The indoor calibration experiments of the stress relief method for hollow inclusions are carried out emphatically, and the reliability and influencing factors of the stress relief method of hollow inclusions are analyzed. The understanding and results obtained are as follows: 1) through reading and studying a large number of related documents at home and abroad, The development history of the hollow cladding stress relief method at home and abroad is summarized, and the problems existing in the indoor calibration experiment of the hollow inclusion stress relief method are analyzed. The principle of the stress relief method for hollow inclusions, the detailed data processing method and the expression of correlation function. The correction coefficient K) will directly affect the measurement results. Therefore, the value of the correction coefficient K is very important. In this paper, the value of the correction coefficient K is analyzed from the point of view of the experiment. The correction coefficient K is obtained in the range of 0.70-1.00, with an average of 0.82.m3). The results of all the indoor calibration experiments of the stress relief method for hollow inclusions are summarized. Most of the results show that the error of stress is less than 0.4 MPA, the error of azimuth is less than 6 鈩，

本文編號：1512336