本文關鍵詞： 單根抗拉特性 抗彎特性 根土復合體 抗剪特性 根土界面摩阻特性 土壤含水率　出處：《內蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文以檸條(Caragana Korshinkii.Kom.)、沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides.Linn.)、羊柴(Hedysarum frutycosum.Turcz.)、紫花苜蓿(Meddicagosativa.L.)、沙打旺(Astragaalus adsurgens.Pall.)的根系為對象,通過室內單根軸向拉伸、懸臂梁彎曲試驗、根土復合體抗剪試驗以及根土界面摩阻試驗,研究了五種植物根系力學特性及對土壤水分的響應,得出以下結果:(1)3種植物根系直徑在0～6mm范圍時,單根極限抗拉力和抗彎力隨著直徑的增加均以冪函數(shù)遞增,極限抗拉強度和抗彎強度隨直徑的增大均以冪函數(shù)遞減。當直徑在3種植物代表根徑級時,單根極限抗拉力大小順序為:沙棘(61.09N)檸條(56.91N)紫花苜蓿(26.42N),單根極限抗拉強度大小順序為:檸條(126.12MPa)沙棘(79.17MPa)紫花苜蓿(68.5lMPa);3種植物單根抗彎力大小順序為:檸條(0.55N)紫花苜蓿(0.38N)沙棘(0.16N);三種植物單根抗彎強度大小順序為:檸條(22.09MPa)紫花苜蓿(17.36MPa)沙棘(4.77MPa)。當土壤含水率在4.5%～24.5%之間時,隨著土壤含水率的增加,極限抗拉強度和抗彎強度呈減小的趨勢。(2)5種植物根土復合體及素土剪切關系均服從莫爾-庫侖理論。在自然生境下5種植物根土復合體抗剪強度和粘聚力值分別均大于素土。5種植物根土復合體抗剪強度間相比較,沙打旺的值(20.84KPa)大于檸條(17.41KPa)、沙棘(17.60KPa)、紫花苜蓿(14.56KPa)和羊柴(16.23KPa)的值。5種植物根土復合體粘聚力間相比較,沙打旺的值(12.22kPa)大于檸條(11.63kPa)、羊柴(11.56kPa)、紫花苜蓿(11.05kPa)、沙棘(10.65kPa)的值。5種植物根土復合體以及與素土內摩擦角間均無顯著性差異。在土壤含水率4.5%—24.5%之間時,隨著土壤含水率的增加,5種植物根-土復合體抗剪強度及粘聚力均呈現(xiàn)先增大后減少的趨勢,土壤含水率的增加對根-土復合體及素土內摩擦角均無影響。(3)在自然生境下,摩擦系數(shù)大小順序為沙棘根-土界面(0.7707)羊柴(0.7629)沙打旺(0.7159)和檸條(0.7157)紫花苜蓿(0.6239)土-土界面0.5337。5種植物根-土界面摩擦系數(shù)比大小順序為沙棘根-土界面(1.44)羊柴(1.43)沙打旺(1.34)和檸條(1.34)紫花苜蓿(1.17),且5種植物摩擦系數(shù)比均大于1。在土壤含水率4.5%—24.5%之間時,隨著土壤含水率的增加5種植物根-土界面及土-土界面的內摩擦角總體呈減小趨勢,5種植物根土界面摩擦系數(shù)呈下降趨勢,而土-土界面摩擦系數(shù)呈現(xiàn)出先增大后減小的趨勢。(4)當根徑在Omm～6mm范圍內,5種植物根-土界面抗阻拉力均值隨著根徑的增大而呈線性增大;根-土界面的拉拔抗剪強度均值則隨著根徑的增大呈冪函數(shù)減小。在代表根徑級下,5種植物單根平均拉拔抗剪強度大小順序為:沙棘(112.11KPa)紫花苜蓿(97.65KPa)沙打旺(95.50KPa)檸條(89.81KPa)羊柴(69.38KPa)。在土壤含水率4.5%—24.5%之間時,隨著土壤含水率的增加,5種植物根-土界拉拔抗剪強度均呈現(xiàn)出先增大后減小的趨勢。根-土界面的拉拔剪切強度均在含水率為10.86%時出現(xiàn)峰值。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the roots of Caragana Korshinkii.Kom., Hippophae rhamnoides.Linn.Pall., Hedysarum frutycosum.Turcz.Pall., Meddicagosativa.L., Astragaalus adsurgens.Pall.are studied. The mechanical properties of five plant roots and their responses to soil moisture were studied. The following results were obtained: when the root diameter of three species of plants was in the range of 0 ~ 6 mm, the ultimate tensile and bending resistance of one root increased with the increase of diameter by power function. The ultimate tensile strength and bending strength decrease with the increase of diameter by power function. The order of ultimate tensile strength of single root is: Hippophae rhamnoides 61.09N) Caragana korshinskii 56.91N) alfalfa 26.42N, single root extreme tensile strength 126.12MPa) seabuckthorn 79.17MPa) the order of bending resistance of three species of alfalfa is: Caragana korshinskii 0.55N. The order of bending strength of three plants is: Caragana korshinskii 22.09 MPA) Alfalfa 17.36 MPA) seabuckthorn 4.77 MPa. When the soil moisture content is between 4.5% and 24.5%, the order of bending strength of three plants is: Caragana korshinskii 22.09 MPa. With the increase of soil moisture content, The ultimate tensile strength and bending strength of five plant root-soil complexes and their shear relationships are all based on the Mohr-Coulomb theory. The shear strength and cohesion of five plant root-soil complexes in natural habitats are determined by Mohr Coulomb theory. The shear strength of 5 plant root-soil complex was higher than that of plain soil. Compared with the values of 17.41 KPaA, 17.60 KPaA, 14.56 KPaA of Alfalfa and 16.23 KPA of Sheep, the cohesion of 5 plant root-soil complexes was higher than that of Caragana Caragana 17.41 KPA, Hippophae rhamnoides 17.60 KPA, Alfalfa 14.56 KPaand 16.23 KPA). The value of Astragalus dadanensis was 12.22 KPA, which was higher than that of Caragana Caragana 11.63 KPA, Astragalus alfalfa 11.05 KPA, Hippophae rhamnoides 10.65 KPA). There was no significant difference between 5 plant root soil complexes and frictional angles with vegetative soil. When soil moisture content was between 4.5% and 24.5%, there was no significant difference in soil moisture content between 4.5kPaand 24.5KPA and 10.65kPa. With the increase of soil moisture content, the shear strength and cohesion of five plant root-soil complexes increased first and then decreased, and the increase of soil moisture content had no effect on the friction angle of root-soil complex and plain soil. The order of friction coefficient is: Hippophae rhamnoides Root-soil interface 0.7707) Yangchaiao 0.7629) Astragalus korshinensis 0.7159) and Caragana korshinskii 0.7157)) Soil-soil interface 0.5337.5 plant root-soil interface friction coefficient ratio order is Hippophae rhamnoides Root-soil interface 1.44) Sand 1.43). The ratio of friction coefficient of 5 plants was all greater than 1. 5% when soil moisture content was between 4.5% and 24. 5%, and the ratio of soil friction coefficient was higher than 1% when soil moisture content was between 4. 5% and 24. 5%. With the increase of soil moisture content, the internal friction angle of 5 plant root-soil interfaces and soil-soil interfaces decreased in general, and the friction coefficient of 5 plant root-soil interfaces decreased. However, the friction coefficient of soil-soil interface increased firstly and then decreased.) when the root diameter was in the range of Omm~6mm, the mean value of the resistance to tensile force of five plant root-soil interfaces increased linearly with the increase of root diameter. The average tensile shear strength of the root soil interface decreases with the increase of root diameter. The order of the average tensile shear strength of 5 plants at the representative root diameter level is as follows: Hippophae rhamnoides 112.11KPa. alfalfa 97.65kPa. Caragana korshinskii 95.50KPa. When the soil moisture content ranged from 4.5% to 24.5%, With the increase of soil moisture content, the pull-out shear strength of five plants showed a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing, and the tensile shear strength of the root-soil interface showed a peak value when the moisture content was 10.86%.
【學位授予單位】：內蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：Q948

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