本文關(guān)鍵詞：青藏高原不同植被類型土壤磷分布特征及影響因素　出處：《天津師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 青藏高原 植被類型 土壤TP IP OP AP 影響因素

【摘要】：磷作為植物生長的必需營養(yǎng)元素,參與細(xì)胞分裂,物質(zhì)及能量合成,在植物生長發(fā)育過程中發(fā)揮重要的作用。由于自然界中磷的供應(yīng)往往受限,因此磷常成為生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的限制性元素。土壤磷含量主要受成土母巖、土壤質(zhì)地、氣候條件、植被覆蓋、地理位置及人類活動等因素的綜合影響,磷的分布特征及循環(huán)速率隨環(huán)境變化而發(fā)生相應(yīng)改變。理解不同植被類型、土壤性質(zhì)、地形、氣候等立地環(huán)境下土壤磷形態(tài)的組成、含量、分布特征及影響因素,是揭示區(qū)域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能和結(jié)構(gòu)變化對土壤磷素影響的關(guān)鍵。青藏高原是全球變化敏感區(qū),是研究生態(tài)系統(tǒng)對氣候變化響應(yīng)與適應(yīng)機制的天然實驗室。在全球氣候變化及人類活動日益增強的大背景下,不同植被類型下青藏高原土壤磷含量空間分布特征及影響因素成為今后研究的重點。本文采用野外調(diào)查和室內(nèi)分析相結(jié)合的方法,運用SPSS、SigrmaPlot、Canoco等分析軟件,對青藏高原草地、高寒草甸、高山草原、灌叢草地、荒草地、荒漠、林地及鹽堿地等不同植被類型表層及剖面土壤磷形態(tài)含量分布及影響因素進(jìn)行了初步分析,本論文主要得到以下結(jié)論:(1)青藏高原表層(0～20 cm)土壤TP含量為0.12～1.11 g·kg~(-1),平均0.53 g·kg~(-1);IP 含量為 0.08～0.77 g·kg~(-1) 平均 0.32 g·kg~(-1);OP 含量為 0.01～0.86 g·kg~(-1),平均 0.21 g·kg~(-1);A處含量為1.61～48.17mg·kg~(-1),平均14.80mg·kg~(-1)。IP/TP比值為11%～96%,平均62%;OP/TP比值為4%～89%,平均38%;AP/TP比值為2.65%～3.55%,平均3.10%。(2)青藏高原剖面(0～70 cm)土壤TP含量為0.29～0.75 g.kg—1,平均0.48 g·kg~(-1);IP 含量為 0.11～0.52 g·kg~(-1),平均 0.32 g·kg~(-1);OP 含量為 0.02～0.57 g·kg~(-1),平均 0.16 g·kg~(-1);AP 含量為 6.40～39.79 mg·kg~(-1),平均 20.39 mg·kg~(-1)。IP/TP 比值為 16%～97%,平均 67%;OP/TP 比值為 3%～84%,平均 33%;AP/TP比值為 1.00%～12.15%,平均 4.71%。(3)青藏高原表層土壤TP含量林地鹽堿地草地灌叢草地荒草地高山草原高寒草甸荒漠,IP含量鹽堿地林地灌叢草地荒漠荒草地草地高寒草甸高山草原,OP含量高山草原高寒草甸林地草地荒草地灌叢草地鹽堿地荒漠,AP含量林地荒草地鹽堿地草地灌叢草地荒漠高寒草甸高山草原。(4)鹽堿地及林地土壤TP含量整體隨土層深度的增加而波動增加,草地、灌叢草地、高寒草甸及高山草原土壤TP含量整體隨土層深度的增加而波動減少。草地、鹽堿地、高寒草甸、高山草原及林地土壤IP含量、IP/TP比值整體隨土層深度的增加而波動增加,灌叢草地土壤IP含量隨土層深度的增加而逐漸減少。土壤OP含量、OP/TP比值垂直分布特征與土壤IP含量、IP/TP比值大致相反。不同植被類型土壤AP含量、AP/TP比值在垂直方向上受土層深度和植被類型影響較為顯著,隨土層深度的變化特征基本一致,最低值大多出現(xiàn)在10～20 cm。(5)青藏高原土壤TP、IP、OP及AP含量的分布特征受多種環(huán)境因子的協(xié)同影響,對所有環(huán)境因子進(jìn)行Monte-Carlo檢驗,得到環(huán)境因子對表層土壤磷含量的重要性排序:TOCTN海拔pH值粉粒黏粒生長季均溫生長季降水量年均降水量年均氣溫C/N比值經(jīng)度砂粒ECAlk年均相對濕度緯度SIC生長季相對濕度。土壤因子對剖面土壤磷含量的重要性排序:TNTOCpH值A(chǔ)lkC/N比值粉粒砂粒SICEC黏粒。
[Abstract]:Phosphorus is essential nutrient elements for plant growth, involved in cell division, material and energy synthesis, play an important role in plant growth and development. Because of the nature of phosphorus supply are limited, so phosphorus often become a limiting factor of ecological system. Soil phosphorus content was mainly influenced by soil parent rock, soil texture, climate the conditions, vegetation coverage, comprehensive influence of geographical location and human activities and other factors, distribution and circulation rate of phosphorus and the change of change with the environment. To understand the different types of vegetation, soil, topography, climate, soil phosphorus forms the environment, content, distribution and influencing factors, is to reveal the function and the structure of the regional ecosystem change on soil phosphorus influence key. The Tibetan Plateau is sensitive to global change, is a natural laboratory for the study of ecosystem response to climate change and adaptation mechanisms. The background is increasing in the global climate change and human activities, characteristics and influence of spatial distribution of soil phosphorus content in Tibetan Plateau under different vegetation factors become the focus of future research. This paper uses the method of combining field investigation and indoor analysis by SPSS, SigrmaPlot, Canoco and other analysis software on the Tibetan Plateau grassland, alpine meadow, alpine grassland, shrubland, grassland, desert, makes a preliminary analysis of factors of different types of vegetation and soil surface phosphorus content distribution and effects of forest and saline land, this paper obtained the following conclusions: (1) the Qinghai Tibet plateau surface (0 ~ 20 cm) soil TP content is 0.12 ~ 1.11 g kg~ (-1), an average of 0.53 G - kg~ (-1); the content of IP is 0.08 ~ 0.77 G - kg~ (-1) with an average of 0.32 G - kg~ (-1); the content of OP is 0.01 ~ 0.86 G - kg~ (-1), an average of 0.21 G - kg~ (-1); the A content is 1.61 ~ 48.17mg - kg~ (-1),騫沖潎14.80mg路kg~(-1).IP/TP姣斿，

本文編號：1424381