本文關(guān)鍵詞：半導(dǎo)體激光云高儀收發(fā)系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究與設(shè)計(jì)　出處：《中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 半導(dǎo)體激光云高儀 收發(fā)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) Zemax仿真 重疊因子

【摘要】：云是漂浮在空氣中的水滴、冰晶匯聚的結(jié)果。它反映著空氣中水汽的運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)和穩(wěn)定程度等,可以預(yù)示天氣變化,與我們的日常生活休戚相關(guān)。云底高度是觀(guān)測(cè)云的一個(gè)重要參數(shù),準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量云底高度,可以為掌握天氣變化規(guī)律提供技術(shù)支持,為日常生活和生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)提供行動(dòng)指南,為交通運(yùn)輸以及飛機(jī)和航天器等起飛、著陸和飛行安全做保證等。為解決氣象局與機(jī)場(chǎng)等對(duì)150m～7500m范圍內(nèi)云底高度信息精確、實(shí)時(shí)獲取的需求,為此本文對(duì)半導(dǎo)體激光云高儀收發(fā)系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究與設(shè)計(jì)。首先,針對(duì)激光功率與后向散射信號(hào)的特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)了發(fā)射和接收分離的雙光軸系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)。然后,設(shè)計(jì)了長(zhǎng)焦距單透鏡與小孔光闌結(jié)合來(lái)完成半導(dǎo)體激光器光束擴(kuò)束準(zhǔn)直的發(fā)射系統(tǒng),使出射光束發(fā)散角約為0.667mrad;設(shè)計(jì)了伽利略望遠(yuǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)濾波和二次聚焦透鏡來(lái)完成后向散射信號(hào)的接收系統(tǒng),使接收視場(chǎng)角約為2.5mrad。并對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的光學(xué)系統(tǒng)用Zemax軟件進(jìn)行仿真驗(yàn)證,仿真結(jié)果與設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果基本相符,證明了設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)的可行性。同時(shí)完成了發(fā)射系統(tǒng)與接收系統(tǒng)的機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)避免了收發(fā)系統(tǒng)間的光干擾,同時(shí)降低了光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜度,并分別提高了系統(tǒng)對(duì)近場(chǎng)與遠(yuǎn)場(chǎng)云層的探測(cè)能力。另外,對(duì)影響系統(tǒng)信噪比的關(guān)鍵因素光軸重疊因子進(jìn)行了研究,并用matlab數(shù)值模擬方法模擬光軸偏移夾角對(duì)重疊因子的影響,同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)了基于CCD成像調(diào)節(jié)非可見(jiàn)光系統(tǒng)光軸平行的調(diào)節(jié)方法,有效減小光軸間的偏移夾角確保了光軸平行度。最后實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,該方案可以有效配合采集與反演系統(tǒng)完成需求范圍內(nèi)云高的實(shí)時(shí)、準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量。
[Abstract]:Cloud is the result of water droplets floating in the air, ice crystals converging. It reflects the movement and stability of water vapor in the air, and can predict the change of weather. Cloud base height is an important parameter for cloud observation. Accurate measurement of cloud bottom height can provide technical support for understanding the law of weather change. Provide operational guidance for daily life and production activities, and take off for transport and aircraft and spacecraft. Ensure landing and flight safety. In order to meet the needs of meteorological bureau and airport for accurate and real-time acquisition of cloud bottom height information within a range of 150mb 7500m. In this paper, the key technology of semiconductor laser hoist transceiver system is studied and designed. Firstly, the characteristics of laser power and backscattering signal are analyzed. The structure of the dual-axis system is designed. Then, the beam spread collimation system of semiconductor laser is designed by combining a single lens with long focal length and a small aperture. The divergence angle of the beam is about 0.667mrad. In order to complete the backscattering signal receiving system, the Galileo distant structure filter and the secondary focusing lens are designed. The received field of view angle is about 2.5mrad. and the designed optical system is simulated with Zemax software, and the simulation results are basically consistent with the design results. The feasibility of the design system is proved. At the same time, the mechanical structure design of the transmitting system and the receiving system is completed. The designed system avoids the optical interference between the transceiver system and reduces the complexity of the optical system. The detection ability of the system to near-field and far-field clouds is improved respectively. In addition, the key factors affecting the SNR of the system are studied, such as the overlap factor of optical axis. Matlab numerical simulation method is used to simulate the influence of the offset angle of optical axis on the overlap factor, and a parallel adjustment method based on CCD imaging is designed to adjust the optical axis of non-visible light system. Finally, the experimental results show that the proposed scheme can effectively cooperate with the acquisition and inversion system to achieve the real-time and accurate measurement of cloud height in the range of requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH765.61;TN24

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