本文關(guān)鍵詞：瑪納斯河流域平原水庫滲漏對地下水的影響分析　出處：《石河子大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 瑪納斯河流域 平原水庫滲漏 地下水

【摘要】：新疆平原水庫能有效緩解灌區(qū)內(nèi)水資源時空分布不均的問題,對灌區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展意義重大。前期研究表明水庫滲漏是導(dǎo)致平原水庫周邊地下水水位上升,土地鹽堿化、大壩失事等的主要因素。因此,探究平原水庫與地下水之間的相互補給關(guān)系,分析平原水庫滲漏對地下水水位、水量的影響,對水庫管理與安全運行、庫區(qū)周邊土壤鹽堿化防治等具有顯著意義。研究以瑪納斯河流域的蘑菇湖水庫、大泉溝水庫及庫區(qū)周邊區(qū)域為新疆平原水庫群的典型代表,以地下水動力學(xué)、同位素水文學(xué)為指導(dǎo),以同位素水文學(xué)法、數(shù)值模擬法為手段,探究庫水與地下水的轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系,探討水庫不同運行工況下,水庫滲漏對庫區(qū)周邊地下水水位及水量的影響。結(jié)論如下:(1)水庫水、地下水的同位素組成均落在烏魯木齊降水線附近,說明共同補給源為降水,且水體不同時期的同位素關(guān)系斜率均小于當(dāng)?shù)亟邓�斜率,表明均受到蒸發(fā)分餾作用。水庫水與庫區(qū)周邊地下水的同位素關(guān)系為:水庫地下水;兩者同位素變化趨勢一致,即5月δ18O7月δ18O10月δ18O,二者存在相對密切的水力聯(lián)系。(2)地下水總補給量為13445.27萬m3。其中地下水側(cè)向補給為7088.75萬m3,占總補給量的57.72%;垂向補給量為4108.53萬m3,占總補給量的30.55%。垂向補給量中水庫滲漏量為2247.99萬m3,占總補給量比例為16.72%。地下水的主要排泄方式為人工開采,占總排泄量比例為54.65%。(3)水庫水位始終保持正常蓄水位時,水庫滲漏量最大,對庫區(qū)周邊的地下水水位影響最大,月最大增幅為1.04m。水庫周邊的地下水水位動態(tài)變化受水庫滲漏與地下水開采量綜合影響。增加庫區(qū)周邊的地下水開采量有助于降低庫區(qū)周邊土壤鹽漬化的發(fā)生概率。(4)水庫正常蓄水位、歷年最低蓄水位、運行水位工況時,地下水對水庫的補給量分別為10.45萬m3、729.94萬m3、24.69萬m3。地下水對水庫的補給量受水庫水位與地下水水位共同作用。春灌期,當(dāng)兩者水位差較小時,水庫滲漏呈下降趨勢,地下水補給量呈增加趨勢;夏灌期,水位差過大時,水庫滲漏補給對地下水補給量增加。水庫水位與地下水位之差是影響兩者轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系及轉(zhuǎn)化量的主要影響因素。水庫滲漏對地下水的補給量與水位差呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系,地下水對水庫的補給量與水位差呈負相關(guān)關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Xinjiang plain reservoir can effectively alleviate the problem of uneven distribution of water resources in irrigation area, which is of great significance to the development of agriculture in irrigation area. The main factors such as land salinization and dam failure are discussed. Therefore, the relationship between plain reservoir and groundwater supply is explored, and the influence of reservoir leakage on groundwater level and water volume is analyzed. It has significant significance for reservoir management and safe operation, soil salinization control and so on around the reservoir area. The mushroom lake reservoir in Manas River basin is studied. Daquanggou Reservoir and its surrounding area are typical representatives of Xinjiang Plain Reservoir Group, guided by groundwater dynamics, isotopic hydrology, isotope hydrology and numerical simulation. This paper probes into the relationship between reservoir water and groundwater conversion, and discusses the influence of reservoir leakage on groundwater level and quantity of groundwater around the reservoir area under different operating conditions. The conclusion is as follows: 1) Reservoir water. The isotopic composition of groundwater falls near the precipitation line in Urumqi, indicating that the common recharge source is precipitation, and the slope of isotopic relationship in different periods of the water body is smaller than that of the local precipitation line. The isotopic relationship between reservoir water and groundwater around the reservoir area is as follows: groundwater of reservoir; The isotopic variation trend of both is consistent, that is, 未 18O _ (18) O in 未 _ (18) O _ (7) July in May. The total recharge of groundwater is one hundred and thirty-four million four hundred and fifty-two thousand and seven hundred m3, in which the lateral recharge of groundwater is seventy million eight hundred and eighty-seven thousand and five hundred m3. 57.72% of the total supplement; The vertical recharge is forty-one million eighty-five thousand and three hundred m3, which accounts for 30.55% of the total supply. The leakage of the reservoir is twenty-two million four hundred and seventy-nine thousand and nine hundred m3 in the vertical replenishment. The main discharge mode of groundwater is artificial exploitation, and the proportion of total discharge is 54.65. The leakage of the reservoir is the largest, and the influence on the groundwater level around the reservoir area is the greatest. The maximum monthly increase is 1.04m.The dynamic change of groundwater level around the reservoir is affected by the reservoir leakage and groundwater exploitation. Increasing the groundwater exploitation around the reservoir area is helpful to reduce the soil salinization around the reservoir area. The probability of occurrence. 4) the normal water level of the reservoir. When the water level is the lowest in the past years, the groundwater supply to the reservoir is 104,500 m ~ 3, seven million two hundred and ninety-nine thousand and four hundred m ~ 3 respectively. The groundwater supply to the reservoir is affected by the water level of the reservoir and the groundwater level. In spring irrigation period, when the difference between the two water levels is small, the leakage of the reservoir tends to decrease. The groundwater recharge shows an increasing trend; In summer irrigation period, the water level difference is too big. The difference between the reservoir water level and the groundwater level is the main factor that affects the conversion relationship and the conversion quantity. There is a positive correlation between the water level difference and the reservoir leakage recharge to the groundwater. . There is a negative correlation between groundwater recharge and water level difference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P641;TV697

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