【摘要】：氮氧化物是大氣的主要污染物之一,不僅對大氣環(huán)境造成嚴重污染,對動植物的生存、發(fā)展也產(chǎn)生很多不利的影響。由于電廠是氮氧化物的主要排放源之一,因此需要加裝脫硝裝置減少電廠氮氧化物的排放量。本文以張家口電廠發(fā)電機組為依托,對其脫硝改造的設計布置方案和改造后系統(tǒng)的性能進行了分析。首先主要闡述了本文的研究背景及本課題選擇的意義,介紹了NO_x的生成原理和當前國內(nèi)外脫硝技術和工藝的研究現(xiàn)狀。其次簡單介紹了煙氣脫硝的不同工藝,分析不同工藝的脫硝流程、原理及適用條件,根據(jù)電廠脫硝改造的一般原則和張家口電廠的實際情況選擇SCR脫硝工藝。本文從電廠的實際情況出發(fā),分析了脫硝裝置的布置方案,完成了SCR脫硝還原劑的選擇分析,為整個脫硝改造工程奠定基礎。接著介紹了張家口電廠機組脫硝改造的基本設計情況,包括鍋爐參數(shù)、設計煤質(zhì)分析、入口煙氣參數(shù)、水源、熱一次風及蒸汽等基本設計參數(shù)。根據(jù)機組的基本設計參數(shù),分析、設計了本次脫硝改造中SCR脫硝裝置設備,詳細闡述了脫硝改造反應器、脫硝劑氨制備貯存與供應系統(tǒng)設備的布置方案和空氣預熱器等設備的改造方案,并分析了加裝SCR裝置對鍋爐機組、除灰部分、吸風機和爐后其它設備的影響。通過對張家口電廠6號機組SCR脫硝系統(tǒng)的實際運行數(shù)據(jù)采集處理,計算脫硝系統(tǒng)各運行參數(shù),分析對比該機組在100%負荷和75%負荷下,脫硝系統(tǒng)的實際運行狀況。計算結(jié)果表明,脫硝實際運行參數(shù)符合設計要求,達到本次改造的預期效果;進行脫硝改造后,機組運行正常。同時計算了脫硝系統(tǒng)的主要技術經(jīng)濟指標,并完成了對系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟性分析和經(jīng)濟效益評價。最后總結(jié)了本次脫硝改造的改造經(jīng)驗,分析了本次改造出現(xiàn)的問題和不足,提出對我國煙氣脫硝技術發(fā)展的建議。
[Abstract]:Nitrogen oxide is one of the main pollutants in the atmosphere, which not only causes serious pollution to the atmospheric environment, but also has a lot of adverse effects on the survival and development of animals and plants. As the power plant is one of the main emission sources of NOx, it is necessary to install a denitrification device to reduce the NOx emission. Based on the generator set of Zhangjiakou Power Plant, the design layout scheme of denitrification and the performance of the system after revamping are analyzed in this paper. Firstly, the background of this paper and the significance of the selection of this topic are introduced. The formation principle of NO_x and the present research status of denitrification technology and process at home and abroad are introduced. Secondly, the different processes of flue gas denitrification are briefly introduced, the process, principle and applicable conditions of different processes are analyzed, and the SCR denitrification process is selected according to the general principles of denitrification in power plant and the actual situation of Zhangjiakou Power Plant. Based on the actual situation of the power plant, the layout scheme of the denitrification unit is analyzed in this paper, and the selection and analysis of the SCR denitrification reductant is completed, which lays a foundation for the whole denitrification renovation project. Then the basic design of unit denitrification in Zhangjiakou Power Plant is introduced, including boiler parameters, design coal quality analysis, inlet flue gas parameters, water source, heat primary air and steam and other basic design parameters. According to the basic design parameters of the unit, the equipment of the SCR denitrification unit in this denitrification transformation is designed, and the denitrification reactor is described in detail. The layout scheme of the equipment for preparing storage and supply system of denitration ammonia and the retrofit scheme of air preheater etc. The influence of adding SCR device on boiler unit ash removal part suction fan and other equipment after furnace is analyzed. Through collecting and processing the actual operation data of SCR denitrification system in Zhangjiakou Power Plant Unit 6, the operation parameters of the denitrification system are calculated, and the actual operation conditions of the denitrification system under 100% and 75% load are analyzed and compared. The calculation results show that the actual operation parameters of denitrification meet the design requirements and reach the expected effect of this revamp, and the unit runs normally after denitrification. At the same time, the main technical and economic indexes of denitrification system are calculated, and the economic analysis and economic benefit evaluation of the system are completed. Finally, the experience of denitrification reform is summarized, the problems and shortcomings of the revamp are analyzed, and some suggestions for the development of flue gas denitrification technology in China are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X773

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 夏力偉;張學鎖;韋紅旗;盛波;;SCR煙氣脫硝系統(tǒng)上層催化劑磨損原因分析[J];熱力發(fā)電;2015年02期

2 李春雨;;SCR脫硝催化劑研究及產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀分析[J];能源工程;2014年01期

3 王天澤;楚英豪;郭家秀;尹華強;;煙氣脫硝技術應用現(xiàn)狀與研究進展[J];四川環(huán)境;2012年03期

4 羅子湛;;稀釋取樣法在電站脫硝氨逃逸測量中的應用[J];電站系統(tǒng)工程;2012年02期

5 商雪松;陳進生;胡恭任;;不同運行時間煙氣脫硝催化劑性能對比分析[J];中國電力;2012年01期

6 鄒鵬;熊志波;韓奎華;路春美;;釩鈦SCR脫硝催化劑低溫研究進展[J];電力科技與環(huán)保;2011年05期

7 譚青;馮雅晨;;我國煙氣脫硝行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀與前景及SCR脫硝催化劑的研究進展[J];化工進展;2011年S1期

8 張燁;徐曉亮;繆明烽;;SCR脫硝催化劑失活機理研究進展[J];能源環(huán)境保護;2011年04期

9 商雪松;陳進生;趙金平;張福旺;徐亞;徐琪;;SCR脫硝催化劑失活及其原因研究[J];燃料化學學報;2011年06期

10 燕中凱;劉媛;尚光旭;;火電廠脫硝技術現(xiàn)狀及產(chǎn)業(yè)與市場發(fā)展預測[J];中國環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè);2011年05期

相關碩士學位論文 前2條

1 郭增良;宣化電廠脫硝技術改造性能與經(jīng)濟性分析[D];華北電力大學;2015年

2 王海亮;火電廠脫硝改造工程方案研究[D];華北電力大學;2014年

，

本文編號：2420315