【摘要】：為研究典型汞礦區(qū)農(nóng)田土壤中汞的甲基化作用,實驗以受汞污染的旱田土壤和稻田土壤為對象,分別進(jìn)行滅菌,促進(jìn)硫酸鹽還原菌(SRB)活性處理,抑制SRB活性處理以及促進(jìn)鐵還原菌(FeRB)活性處理,分析非微生物作用和微生物作用對土壤甲基汞(MeHg)生成的影響.結(jié)果表明,促進(jìn)SRB活性處理的土壤MeHg生成量最高,其中旱田土MeHg增量為0.15~0.38μg·kg~(-1),稻田土壤MeHg增量為1~2μg·kg~(-1);抑制SRB活性處理和促進(jìn)FeRB活性處理的MeHg增量較小,最高值僅為0.025μg·kg~(-1).相比于旱田土壤,稻田土壤具有更高的汞甲基化能力,其MeHg生成量是旱田土壤的4~9倍.土壤SRB數(shù)量與MeHg生成量具有相同的變化趨勢,二者具有顯著的正相關(guān)性(R~2=0.57,P0.01).因此,該研究區(qū)土壤汞甲基化作用主要是微生物汞甲基化作用,且主要的汞甲基化細(xì)菌是SRB.此外,稻田是農(nóng)田中MeHg生成的活躍地區(qū),在評估和控制MeHg對人體健康危害時需要重點關(guān)注.
[Abstract]:In order to study the methylation of mercury in farmland soil of typical mercury mining area, the dry soil and paddy soil polluted by mercury were sterilized separately to promote the treatment of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) activity. The inhibition of SRB activity and the promotion of (FeRB) activity of iron reducing bacteria were studied. The effects of non-microbial and microbial action on the production of methylmercury (MeHg) in soil were analyzed. The results showed that the soil MeHg production was the highest under the treatment of SRB activity, in which the increment of MeHg in dry soil was 0.38 渭 g kg~ (-1), and the increment of MeHg in paddy soil was 1 渭 g kg~ (-1). The increment of MeHg in the treatment of inhibiting SRB activity and promoting the activity of FeRB was small, and the highest value was only 0.025 渭 g kg~ (-1). Compared with dry soil, paddy soil has higher mercury methylation ability, and its MeHg production is 4 ~ 9 times of that of dry soil. The amount of SRB and the amount of MeHg in soil had the same changing trend, and there was a significant positive correlation between them (RP0.01). Therefore, the soil mercury methylation in the study area is mainly microbial mercury methylation, and the main mercury methylation bacteria are SRB.. In addition, paddy field is an active area where MeHg is generated in farmland, and attention should be paid to the assessment and control of MeHg harm to human health.
【作者單位】： 北京師范大學(xué)水科學(xué)研究院;中國環(huán)境科學(xué)研究院固體廢物污染控制技術(shù)研究所;
【基金】：環(huán)境保護(hù)公益性行業(yè)科研專項
【分類號】：X172;X53

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