【摘要】：全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速增長帶來了能源短缺和環(huán)境破壞兩大問題,節(jié)能減排成為當(dāng)今世界關(guān)注的熱點問題。我國每年排放大量的工業(yè)廢水,其中造紙廢水的排放量居于首位。造紙廢水中蘊(yùn)含著大量的可回收熱能,將其回收利用既可以節(jié)約能源消耗,還可以改善環(huán)境質(zhì)量。因此,本文開展了對造紙廢水余熱應(yīng)用技術(shù)的研究。造紙業(yè)作為一種高耗能、耗水的產(chǎn)業(yè),其工藝流程需要大量高溫的熱水和蒸汽。隨之產(chǎn)生的造紙廢水也具有較高的溫度,余熱可回收利用價值大。廢水源熱泵技術(shù)是一項高效節(jié)能的低位熱能回收技術(shù),可以將低溫廢水的熱量回收制取高溫?zé)崴蛘呖諝?適用于造紙廢水的余熱回收和利用。從政府的節(jié)能減排政策、能源和環(huán)境形勢、造紙企業(yè)的自身需求等方面論述了對造紙廢水余熱進(jìn)行回收利用的必要性。并且結(jié)合對山東太陽紙業(yè)造紙廢水概況的調(diào)研,分析發(fā)現(xiàn)造紙廢水經(jīng)污水處理系統(tǒng)處理后的再生水是可利用的低位熱源,可以滿足余熱回用的條件。企業(yè)及周邊地區(qū)熱需求量大,可將回收的熱量充分應(yīng)用。企業(yè)組織架構(gòu)完善,對項目的實踐應(yīng)用也十分有利。制定了利用熱泵技術(shù)回收再生廢水余熱制取熱水,用以冬季供暖和夏季鍋爐制備蒸汽預(yù)熱的方案。提出了一種廢熱梯級回收熱泵系統(tǒng),廢熱水先通過預(yù)熱換熱器對蓄熱冷水進(jìn)行預(yù)熱,然后再進(jìn)入水源熱泵系統(tǒng)作為熱源,經(jīng)過多級熱量利用將廢熱充分回收。對系統(tǒng)的整體性能系數(shù)進(jìn)行分析,表明預(yù)熱可有效提高熱泵系統(tǒng)的性能。對熱泵機(jī)房設(shè)備進(jìn)行選型,選用離心式熱泵機(jī)組,出水溫度可達(dá)60℃。通過對項目的初投資和運(yùn)行費用進(jìn)行分析計算,對項目進(jìn)行了經(jīng)濟(jì)性評價。項目財務(wù)內(nèi)部收益率高于選定的行業(yè)基準(zhǔn)收益率,財務(wù)凈現(xiàn)值大于零,回收期短,經(jīng)濟(jì)效益較好。從初投資、年運(yùn)行費用、年營業(yè)收入三方面對項目進(jìn)行敏感性分析后,發(fā)現(xiàn)項目的抗風(fēng)險能力較強(qiáng)。因此,該項目的經(jīng)濟(jì)評價較好,可投資價值大。項目運(yùn)行過程中僅需要消耗少量的電能,就可以將廢水余熱充分回收利用。對廢熱的應(yīng)用大大減少了能源的使用,每年可以節(jié)省大量的能源開支,節(jié)能效益顯著。化石能源消耗的減少還降低了溫室氣體、煙塵和煤渣的排放量,改善環(huán)境效果突出。
[Abstract]:The rapid growth of global economy has brought energy shortage and environmental damage, energy saving and emission reduction has become a hot issue in the world. A large amount of industrial wastewater is discharged every year in China, among which the discharge of papermaking wastewater is the first. Papermaking wastewater contains a large amount of recoverable heat energy, which can not only save energy consumption, but also improve environmental quality. Therefore, the application technology of waste heat in papermaking wastewater is studied in this paper. As a high energy-consuming and water-consuming industry, the process of paper industry requires a lot of hot water and steam. The resulting paper-making wastewater also has a higher temperature, and the waste heat can be recycled. Waste water source heat pump technology is a low level heat recovery technology with high efficiency and energy saving. It can be used to recover heat from low temperature wastewater into hot water or air at high temperature, which is suitable for waste heat recovery and utilization of papermaking wastewater. This paper discusses the necessity of recycling the waste heat of papermaking wastewater from the government's policies of energy saving and emission reduction, the situation of energy and environment, and the demand of papermaking enterprises. Based on the survey of paper making wastewater from Yangyang Paper Industry in Shandong Province, it is found that the recycled water after being treated by sewage treatment system is a low heat source, which can meet the conditions of waste heat reuse. The heat demand of enterprises and surrounding areas is large, and the recovered heat can be fully applied. The enterprise organization structure is perfect, also very advantageous to the project practice application. The heat pump technology is used to recover waste heat from regenerated wastewater to make hot water for heating in winter and steam preheating for boiler in summer. A waste heat cascade recovery heat pump system is proposed. The waste hot water is preheated by preheating heat exchangers to preheat the regenerative cold water and then into the water source heat pump system as a heat source. The waste heat is fully recovered through multistage heat utilization. The analysis of the overall performance coefficient of the system shows that preheating can effectively improve the performance of the heat pump system. The centrifugal heat pump unit is selected for the selection of heat pump equipment. The effluent temperature can reach 60 鈩，

本文編號：2386396