張保皋之建立清海鎮(zhèn)的根本意圖研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-11 14:57
【摘要】：張保皋作為活躍于九世紀二十年代末至四十年代初的新羅人,因創(chuàng)建“唐羅日三國貿(mào)易圈”而聞名于史。唐、羅兩國史書對其蕩除黃海海賊勢力這一行為給予高度肯定,并據(jù)此贊其極具仁義之心。史實果真如此嗎?深究張保皋歸國建立清海鎮(zhèn)的行為,可發(fā)現(xiàn)其建立清海鎮(zhèn)的根本意圖并非如史書所言。九世紀二十年代的新羅,尤其是西部沿海地區(qū)頻遭天災人禍,導致奴婢數(shù)量激增,加之此時唐朝對異國奴的需求增長,而占據(jù)山東半島的李正己家族對新羅奴婢貿(mào)易實行放任政策,致使唐羅之間的交易一度以奴婢貿(mào)易為主,主通道也一改唐初的渤海海路,主要集中在山東半島至新羅西海岸的中間地帶,即黃海海路,今漢江河口、大阜島一帶。假使張保皋確為蕩除海賊而建鎮(zhèn),那么,張氏所選建鎮(zhèn)之地應位于新羅西海岸的中間地帶,而非周圍被眾多大小不一的島嶼重重包圍的將島。相比漢江河口、大阜島一帶,將島深處西南海域,并不具備蕩除海賊的地理優(yōu)勢,而在開展唐、羅、日三國海上貿(mào)易方面,將島的地理優(yōu)勢明顯強于新羅西海岸的中間地帶。另外,在海賊勢力集團被消滅殆盡之時,出現(xiàn)了縱橫于唐、羅、日三國海域的張保皋商隊,張氏一手創(chuàng)建“唐羅日三國貿(mào)易圈”,獨掌東亞三國間海上貿(mào)易。當金yP徵爭奪新羅王位失敗轉(zhuǎn)而依附于清海鎮(zhèn)之時,張保皋緊緊抓住有利時機,試圖進入新羅中央政權(quán)。雖然張保皋的政治抱負并未實現(xiàn),但根據(jù)清海鎮(zhèn)建立之后張氏的所作所為可推斷,張保皋建立清海鎮(zhèn)的意圖并不僅僅是蕩除海賊,其根本意圖應該是獨掌唐、羅、日三國間的海上貿(mào)易,為日后進入新羅中央政權(quán)奠定基礎(chǔ),而蕩除海賊只是為實現(xiàn)這一目的所采取的一項政治手段。
[Abstract]:Zhang Baogao, who was active from the late 1920s to the early 1940s, was famous for the establishment of the Tang-Luo-Japan trade circle. Tang and Romanian history books highly affirmed their actions to remove the forces of Huang Hai sea thieves, and praised them for their benevolence and righteousness on this basis. Is it true? Through a deep study of Zhang Baogao's return to the country to establish Qinghai Town, it can be found that the fundamental intention of the establishment of Qinghai Town is not as stated in the historical books. In the 1990s, Xinluo, especially in the western coastal areas, was frequently subjected to natural and man-made disasters, resulting in a surge in the number of slaves, and at this time, the demand for foreign slaves in the Tang Dynasty increased. While the Li Zhengji family, who occupied the Shandong Peninsula, carried out a laissez-faire policy towards the trade of slaves and maidservants in Xinluo, causing the trade between Tang and Luo to be dominated by slave trade, and the main passage also changed the Bohai Sea route at the beginning of the Tang Dynasty. Mainly concentrated in the Shandong Peninsula to the coast of Xinluoxi in the middle, namely Huang Hai Hailu, the Han River Estuary, Dafu Island area. If Zhangbaogao does build a town for the removal of sea thieves, then Zhang's chosen town should be located in the middle of the New Rossi coast, rather than the surrounding island surrounded by a multitude of islands of varying sizes. Compared with the Han River estuary and Dafu Island, the southwestern waters of the island do not have the geographical advantage to remove the sea thieves. However, in the aspect of developing the sea trade among Tang, Romania and Japan, the geographical advantage of the island is obviously stronger than that of the middle zone of the west coast of New Luo. In addition, when the sea thief power group was wiped out, there appeared Zhang Baogao trade team in Tang, Luo, and Japanese waters. Zhang created the "Tang Luo Japan three countries Trade Circle" first-hand, taking sole control of the maritime trade among the three countries in East Asia. When Kim yP failed to secure the new Ronaldinho throne and clung to the town of Qinghai, Zhang took advantage of the opportunity to try to enter the new Romanian central regime. Although Zhang Baogao's political ambition has not been realized, it can be inferred from Zhang's actions after the establishment of Qinghai Town that Zhang Baogao's intention to establish Qinghai Town is not merely to remove sea thieves, but that its fundamental intention should be to lead the Tang Dynasty alone, Luo. The seaborne trade between the three countries laid the foundation for future entry into the new Romanian central government, and the removal of sea thieves was only a political means of achieving that end.
【學位授予單位】：青島大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K242
本文編號：2438376
[Abstract]:Zhang Baogao, who was active from the late 1920s to the early 1940s, was famous for the establishment of the Tang-Luo-Japan trade circle. Tang and Romanian history books highly affirmed their actions to remove the forces of Huang Hai sea thieves, and praised them for their benevolence and righteousness on this basis. Is it true? Through a deep study of Zhang Baogao's return to the country to establish Qinghai Town, it can be found that the fundamental intention of the establishment of Qinghai Town is not as stated in the historical books. In the 1990s, Xinluo, especially in the western coastal areas, was frequently subjected to natural and man-made disasters, resulting in a surge in the number of slaves, and at this time, the demand for foreign slaves in the Tang Dynasty increased. While the Li Zhengji family, who occupied the Shandong Peninsula, carried out a laissez-faire policy towards the trade of slaves and maidservants in Xinluo, causing the trade between Tang and Luo to be dominated by slave trade, and the main passage also changed the Bohai Sea route at the beginning of the Tang Dynasty. Mainly concentrated in the Shandong Peninsula to the coast of Xinluoxi in the middle, namely Huang Hai Hailu, the Han River Estuary, Dafu Island area. If Zhangbaogao does build a town for the removal of sea thieves, then Zhang's chosen town should be located in the middle of the New Rossi coast, rather than the surrounding island surrounded by a multitude of islands of varying sizes. Compared with the Han River estuary and Dafu Island, the southwestern waters of the island do not have the geographical advantage to remove the sea thieves. However, in the aspect of developing the sea trade among Tang, Romania and Japan, the geographical advantage of the island is obviously stronger than that of the middle zone of the west coast of New Luo. In addition, when the sea thief power group was wiped out, there appeared Zhang Baogao trade team in Tang, Luo, and Japanese waters. Zhang created the "Tang Luo Japan three countries Trade Circle" first-hand, taking sole control of the maritime trade among the three countries in East Asia. When Kim yP failed to secure the new Ronaldinho throne and clung to the town of Qinghai, Zhang took advantage of the opportunity to try to enter the new Romanian central regime. Although Zhang Baogao's political ambition has not been realized, it can be inferred from Zhang's actions after the establishment of Qinghai Town that Zhang Baogao's intention to establish Qinghai Town is not merely to remove sea thieves, but that its fundamental intention should be to lead the Tang Dynasty alone, Luo. The seaborne trade between the three countries laid the foundation for future entry into the new Romanian central government, and the removal of sea thieves was only a political means of achieving that end.
【學位授予單位】：青島大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K242
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