從擬稿到補(bǔ)纂本—《明史》本紀(jì)編纂研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-08 16:26
【摘要】：《明史》是“二十四史”的最后一部,也是歷代官修正史纂修時間最長、參與人員最多的一部史書。當(dāng)時學(xué)者就以其體例嚴(yán)整,敘事簡括,對其評價頗高；亦有人認(rèn)為其議論公允,考稽詳核,超越前代諸史。而本紀(jì)作為《明史》的重要組成部分,其編纂過程不僅具有《明史》編纂的一系列特征,又由于本紀(jì)自身的特殊性,因此更能凸顯《明史》編纂過程中存在的諸多問題。 《明史》本紀(jì)囊括了明代政治、軍事、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、邊防、民族、外交等方方面面的內(nèi)容。其依時記事,專記帝王一人,書一朝之大事,列一代之諸帝,內(nèi)容攸關(guān)政權(quán)的合法性與朝代正朔,是正史中最具政治內(nèi)涵的部分。而清以邊疆少數(shù)民族政權(quán)入主華夏,與中原既有民族差異,又有文化隔閡,其執(zhí)政中國的合法性廣受質(zhì)疑。因此,清朝對《明史》編纂十分重視,而對本紀(jì)部分的書寫尤為關(guān)注。 據(jù)現(xiàn)存史稿的形態(tài)來看,《明史》本紀(jì)編纂前后主要經(jīng)歷了六個階段。第一階段為博學(xué)鴻儒分纂本紀(jì)擬稿時期,其中《潛庵先生擬明史稿》中的《太祖本紀(jì)》即為此時期現(xiàn)存的重要成果。第二階段為萬斯同受聘于徐氏兄弟,參與并主要負(fù)責(zé)審定史稿時期,416卷本《明史》本紀(jì)基本上就是這一時期的編纂成果。第三階段當(dāng)為313卷本《明史紀(jì)傳》的本紀(jì)修纂時期。第四階段為王鴻緒《明史稿》本紀(jì)修纂時期�？滴鹾笃�,《明史》纂修幾近停滯,王鴻緒以一人之力,繼續(xù)推動《明史》纂修,其《明史稿》本紀(jì)即是《明史》本紀(jì)編纂的第四階段成果。第五階段為張廷玉等纂修殿本《明史》本紀(jì)時期�！赫�,清朝又召集史官纂修《明史》,至乾隆四年,殿本《明史》刊印,《明史》本紀(jì)修纂基本完成。第六階段為英廉等補(bǔ)纂《明史本紀(jì)》時期。乾隆四十二年,清朝出于加強(qiáng)思想教化的政治需要,將殿本《明史》的本紀(jì)部分單獨抽離,重新編纂,最后形成補(bǔ)纂本二十四卷《明史本紀(jì)》。此即《明史》本紀(jì)編纂之大概。 本文以本紀(jì)為視角,通過對不同纂修階段稿本的對比,從而揭示殿本《明史》編纂過程中出現(xiàn)的諸多問題,及其對《明史》編纂的內(nèi)容、進(jìn)度、思想的影響,從而考察《明史》不同編纂階段稿本之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和前后承襲的真實狀況,總結(jié)《明史》編纂的經(jīng)驗及教訓(xùn),使人們對《明史》有一個更清晰的認(rèn)識。
[Abstract]:The History of the Ming Dynasty is the last one of the Twenty-fourth History. It is also a history book with the longest compilation time and the largest number of attendees. At that time, scholars on his strict style, narrative brief, quite high evaluation of it; some people think that his comments are fair, detailed examination, beyond the previous generations of history. As an important part of the History of the Ming Dynasty, the compilation process of this discipline not only has a series of characteristics of the compilation of the History of the Ming Dynasty, but also can highlight many problems existing in the compilation process of the History of the Ming Dynasty because of its own particularity. This discipline covers the political, military, economic, cultural, frontier, national, diplomatic and other aspects of the Ming Dynasty. His chronicle is devoted to the monarchs, books and emperors, and lists the emperors of a generation, which concerns the legitimacy of the regime and the Zhengshuo of the dynasty, and is the most politically meaningful part in the history of orthodoxy. In Qing Dynasty, the legitimacy of ruling China was questioned because of the ethnic differences and cultural estrangement between the Qing Dynasty and the Central Plains, when the ethnic minority regime in the border areas became the master of Huaxia. Therefore, the Qing Dynasty attached great importance to the compilation of Ming History, especially to the writing of this discipline. According to the form of the existing historical manuscripts, there are six stages before and after the compilation of this discipline. The first stage is the period during which Bo Xuehong compiled the draft of this discipline, in which "Taizu Benji" in "Mr. Qianan's draft of History" is an important achievement in this period. In the second stage, Wansi was employed by the Xu brothers, participated in and was mainly responsible for the examination and approval of historical manuscripts, 416 volumes of the Ming History, this discipline is basically the compilation of the achievements of this period. The third stage should be the compilation period of this discipline of 313 volumes of the History of the Ming Dynasty. The fourth stage is Wang Hongxu's compilation period of this discipline. In the late Kangxi period, the compilation of the Ming History nearly stagnated, and Wang Hongxu continued to promote the compilation of the Ming History with the help of one person, and this discipline was the fourth stage of the compilation of the Ming History. The fifth stage was compiled by Zhang Tingyu and so on. In the early days of Yongzheng, the historians of the Qing Dynasty were called together to compile and practice the History of the Ming Dynasty. In the fourth year of the Qianlong period, the Dianban was published, and the compilation of this discipline of the History of the Ming Dynasty was basically completed. The sixth stage is the period of Ying Lian et al. In the forty-two years of Qianlong, the Qing Dynasty, out of the political need of strengthening ideological education, separated and recompiled the part of this discipline of the Dianben History of the Ming Dynasty, and finally formed a supplementary edition of the Book of the History of the Ming Dynasty in twenty-four volumes. This is about the compilation of this discipline of the Ming History. From the perspective of this discipline, through the comparison of the manuscripts in different compilation stages, this paper reveals many problems in the compilation process of the Dianban, and its influence on the contents, progress and thought of the compilation of the Ming History. In order to make people have a clearer understanding of the history of Ming Dynasty, this paper investigates the internal relations between the manuscripts in different compilation stages of Ming Dynasty and the true situation inherited from before and after, and sums up the experience and lessons of compiling the History of the Ming Dynasty in order to make people have a clearer understanding of the compilation of the manuscripts of the Ming History.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南開大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：K248
本文編號：2436982
[Abstract]:The History of the Ming Dynasty is the last one of the Twenty-fourth History. It is also a history book with the longest compilation time and the largest number of attendees. At that time, scholars on his strict style, narrative brief, quite high evaluation of it; some people think that his comments are fair, detailed examination, beyond the previous generations of history. As an important part of the History of the Ming Dynasty, the compilation process of this discipline not only has a series of characteristics of the compilation of the History of the Ming Dynasty, but also can highlight many problems existing in the compilation process of the History of the Ming Dynasty because of its own particularity. This discipline covers the political, military, economic, cultural, frontier, national, diplomatic and other aspects of the Ming Dynasty. His chronicle is devoted to the monarchs, books and emperors, and lists the emperors of a generation, which concerns the legitimacy of the regime and the Zhengshuo of the dynasty, and is the most politically meaningful part in the history of orthodoxy. In Qing Dynasty, the legitimacy of ruling China was questioned because of the ethnic differences and cultural estrangement between the Qing Dynasty and the Central Plains, when the ethnic minority regime in the border areas became the master of Huaxia. Therefore, the Qing Dynasty attached great importance to the compilation of Ming History, especially to the writing of this discipline. According to the form of the existing historical manuscripts, there are six stages before and after the compilation of this discipline. The first stage is the period during which Bo Xuehong compiled the draft of this discipline, in which "Taizu Benji" in "Mr. Qianan's draft of History" is an important achievement in this period. In the second stage, Wansi was employed by the Xu brothers, participated in and was mainly responsible for the examination and approval of historical manuscripts, 416 volumes of the Ming History, this discipline is basically the compilation of the achievements of this period. The third stage should be the compilation period of this discipline of 313 volumes of the History of the Ming Dynasty. The fourth stage is Wang Hongxu's compilation period of this discipline. In the late Kangxi period, the compilation of the Ming History nearly stagnated, and Wang Hongxu continued to promote the compilation of the Ming History with the help of one person, and this discipline was the fourth stage of the compilation of the Ming History. The fifth stage was compiled by Zhang Tingyu and so on. In the early days of Yongzheng, the historians of the Qing Dynasty were called together to compile and practice the History of the Ming Dynasty. In the fourth year of the Qianlong period, the Dianban was published, and the compilation of this discipline of the History of the Ming Dynasty was basically completed. The sixth stage is the period of Ying Lian et al. In the forty-two years of Qianlong, the Qing Dynasty, out of the political need of strengthening ideological education, separated and recompiled the part of this discipline of the Dianben History of the Ming Dynasty, and finally formed a supplementary edition of the Book of the History of the Ming Dynasty in twenty-four volumes. This is about the compilation of this discipline of the Ming History. From the perspective of this discipline, through the comparison of the manuscripts in different compilation stages, this paper reveals many problems in the compilation process of the Dianban, and its influence on the contents, progress and thought of the compilation of the Ming History. In order to make people have a clearer understanding of the history of Ming Dynasty, this paper investigates the internal relations between the manuscripts in different compilation stages of Ming Dynasty and the true situation inherited from before and after, and sums up the experience and lessons of compiling the History of the Ming Dynasty in order to make people have a clearer understanding of the compilation of the manuscripts of the Ming History.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南開大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：K248
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 姜勝利;明遺民與清初明史學(xué)[J];安徽大學(xué)學(xué)報;2003年01期
2 劉寧;;屬辭比事:判例法與《春秋》義例學(xué)[J];北京大學(xué)學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);2009年02期
3 肖鋒;;從“春秋書法”到“春秋筆法”名稱之考察[J];北方論叢;2009年02期
4 趙連穩(wěn);;談遷編纂思想芻議[J];北京化工大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2008年04期
5 鄧輝;論王船山鑒史的是非原則[J];船山學(xué)刊;2005年03期
6 陳超;明代"大禮議"前后的內(nèi)閣體勢變化[J];東北師大學(xué)報;2003年01期
7 許克江;;論明末清初私修史書對明亡歷史原因的探究[J];太原師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2009年06期
8 南炳文;;點校本《明史》“河渠”6正統(tǒng)直省水利記事校誤[J];東岳論叢;2008年03期
9 嚴(yán)修;避諱義例是錢大昕的訓(xùn)詁之鑰[J];復(fù)旦學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);1986年05期
10 杜澤遜;崔曉新;;朱彝尊著述續(xù)考[J];古籍整理研究學(xué)刊;2009年01期
，本文編號：2436982
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/shekelunwen/zgtslw/2436982.html
