【摘要】：所謂地方精英是指受過良好教育,有一定從政背景和經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力且在鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì)中有影響的群體。在古代中國(guó),精英階層作為社會(huì)的上流階層,對(duì)基層社會(huì)產(chǎn)生重大的影響。在中國(guó)古代精英階層的發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了宋以前的“門閥士族精英”,到北宋時(shí)期的“中央精英”、直至南宋的“地方精英”的過程。北宋末年,隨著社會(huì)環(huán)境的巨變,精英階層的活動(dòng)逐漸轉(zhuǎn)向地方,傾向于通過參與地方事務(wù)來建立起自身的權(quán)威。兩宋之交,由于種種原因,造成中央虛弱,地方權(quán)威的興起。隨即地方精英通過不斷參與基層治理,一方面填補(bǔ)國(guó)家自縣級(jí)以下地方權(quán)力的空白,成為聯(lián)系官方與民間、中央與基層的代言人。另一方面精英通過參與地方事務(wù)不斷增強(qiáng)自身或家族的權(quán)威,更有利于家族策略的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展,樹立起區(qū)別于官方的民間勢(shì)力階層。南宋前期,社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩不安,地方精英利用自身強(qiáng)大的社會(huì)資源來參與基層治理,一方面有利于維持地方安定,促進(jìn)社會(huì)發(fā)展。而另一方面,作為地方特權(quán)基層也會(huì)破壞地方事務(wù)的治理。由此,地方精英參與地方事務(wù)治理帶來的影響,包含了積極與消極兩個(gè)方面。本文擬通過對(duì)兩宋之際精英階層的活動(dòng)舞臺(tái)從中央轉(zhuǎn)向地方的原因,南宋地方精英對(duì)基層事務(wù)參與的內(nèi)容,以及所憑借的條件與南宋地方精英參與地方事務(wù)的手段的探究,來研究南宋初年地方精英對(duì)基層社會(huì)事務(wù)的參與狀況,并對(duì)地方精英參與基層社會(huì)事務(wù)的作用和影響作出評(píng)價(jià)。
[Abstract]:The local elite is a group with good education, political background, economic strength and influence in rural society. In ancient China, the elite, as the upper class of society, had a great influence on the grassroots society. In ancient China, the development of the elite class experienced the process of "the elite of the clan of the patriarch" before the Song Dynasty, the "central elite" of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the "local elite" of the Southern Song Dynasty. In the late Northern Song Dynasty, with the great changes of the social environment, the activities of the elite gradually turned to local, and tended to establish their own authority by participating in local affairs. At the turn of the Song Dynasty, due to various reasons, the central weak, the rise of local authority. Then the local elite through continuous participation in grass-roots governance, on the one hand, to fill the country from the county level from the local power gap, to become a link between the official and civil, central and grass-roots spokesman. On the other hand, by taking part in local affairs, the elite constantly strengthens their own or family's authority, which is more conducive to the long-term development of the family strategy and sets up the civil influence stratum which is different from the official. In the early Southern Song Dynasty, social unrest, local elite to use their own strong social resources to participate in grass-roots governance, on the one hand conducive to maintain local stability and promote social development. On the other hand, as the local privilege of the grassroots will also undermine the governance of local affairs. As a result, the impact of local elite participation in local affairs governance includes both positive and negative aspects. This paper intends to explore the reasons why the activity stage of the elite changed from the central to the local, the content of the local elite's participation in grass-roots affairs, and the conditions on which the local elites of the Southern Song Dynasty participated in the local affairs, as well as the means by which the local elites of the Southern Song Dynasty participated in the local affairs. To study the participation of local elites in grass-roots social affairs in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, and to evaluate the role and impact of local elites participating in grass-roots social affairs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K244

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 鄒錦良;;“地方精英”視域下的宋代民間辦學(xué)——以江右為例[J];江西社會(huì)科學(xué);2015年03期

2 黃云鶴;;宋代落第士人參與基層社會(huì)事務(wù)問題探究[J];廣西社會(huì)科學(xué);2013年08期

3 蘇潔;;宋代家法族規(guī)與基層社會(huì)治理[J];現(xiàn)代法學(xué);2013年03期

4 林文勛;張錦鵬;;鄉(xiāng)村精英·土地產(chǎn)權(quán)·鄉(xiāng)村動(dòng)力——中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì)發(fā)展變遷的歷史啟示[J];中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)史研究;2009年04期

5 包偉民;傅俊;;宋代“鄉(xiāng)原體例”與地方官府運(yùn)作[J];浙江大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(人文社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2008年03期

6 譚景玉;;宋代鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì)的多元權(quán)威——以民間糾紛的調(diào)解為例[J];江淮論壇;2007年01期

7 谷更有;;鄉(xiāng)治方式的傳統(tǒng)與變遷——“唐宋鄉(xiāng)村控制與社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型”系列研究之一[J];鄭州大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2007年01期

8 周鑫;;韓明士：《官宦與紳士：兩宋江西撫州的精英》[J];中國(guó)社會(huì)歷史評(píng)論;2006年00期

9 梁聰;;兩宋時(shí)期民間祠祀的法律控制[J];重慶師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2005年06期

10 衷海燕;士紳、鄉(xiāng)紳與地方精英——關(guān)于精英群體研究的回顧[J];華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2005年02期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 楊建宏;宋代禮制與基層社會(huì)控制研究[D];四川大學(xué);2006年

2 吳錚強(qiáng);宋代科舉與鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì)[D];浙江大學(xué);2006年

，

本文編號(hào)：2403798