【摘要】：戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期,社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩,政權(quán)變革頻繁。面對(duì)復(fù)雜的形勢(shì),注重回溯歷史的諸子從歷史變換中尋找安定之法,三代中的湯武革命成為諸子關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)之一。諸子通過論述有自身思想傾向的湯武革命來闡述自身救國(guó)理論。本文關(guān)注焦點(diǎn)是戰(zhàn)國(guó)諸子運(yùn)用歷史闡述自身觀點(diǎn)的論辯形式,并通過比較研究諸子關(guān)于湯武革命相異論述,進(jìn)而了解戰(zhàn)國(guó)諸子論辯過往與戰(zhàn)國(guó)諸子史學(xué)發(fā)展的關(guān)系。本文共分為五個(gè)章節(jié),第一章為緒論,主要內(nèi)容是本文的研究綜述以及研究思路。通過梳理研究背景可以了解,前人雖然對(duì)諸子“湯武革命論”有豐富的研究成果,但在史學(xué)史領(lǐng)域還有進(jìn)一步研究之處。第二章主要內(nèi)容是研究諸子論述湯武革命進(jìn)程中決定因素的分歧,通過比較諸子分歧可知,孟子重民心,荀子尊圣王,墨子奉天志,韓非贊伊尹,諸子相異的敘述側(cè)重源于不同思想傾向。第三章主要內(nèi)容是諸子關(guān)于湯武革命性質(zhì)差異分析。孟子從仁義角度出發(fā)認(rèn)為湯武革命是以仁伐不仁的正義之舉,荀子亦支持革命的正義性,墨子認(rèn)為革命屬于“誅”的范疇而非“攻”,韓非則認(rèn)為湯武革命是弒君之舉,并表示強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)。第四章主要內(nèi)容是研究出土文獻(xiàn)《容成氏》中關(guān)于湯武革命的論述,并分析其思想與同時(shí)代諸子觀念相異之處�！度莩墒稀纷髡哒J(rèn)為湯武革命的主因是桀紂不述先王之道,同時(shí)也不認(rèn)為湯武以戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的方式征伐桀紂是轉(zhuǎn)移政權(quán)的合理形式,作者支持如文王式的忠君治國(guó)之舉。第五部分是對(duì)全文的總結(jié),主要內(nèi)容是本文研究諸子關(guān)于“湯武革命論”中所體現(xiàn)的史學(xué)特點(diǎn),以及諸子相異論述于史學(xué)理論方面的原因。
[Abstract]:During the warring States period, social unrest and frequent regime change. Faced with the complicated situation, the scholars looking for the stable method from the historical change, the Tang Wu Revolution in the three dynasties became one of the focal points of the scholars' attention. By discussing the Tang Wu Revolution, which has its own ideological tendency, the philosophers expounded their own theory of saving the nation. This paper focuses on the debate form in which the scholars of the warring States period use history to expound their own viewpoints, and through comparative study on the different expositions of the Tang and Wu revolutions, we can understand the relationship between the debate of the warring States scholars and the development of the historiography of the scholars in the warring States period. This paper is divided into five chapters, the first chapter is the introduction, the main content is the research review and research ideas. Through combing the research background, it can be understood that although predecessors had rich research achievements on Tang Wu's theory of revolution, they still have further research in the field of historical history. The second chapter mainly discusses the differences of the decisive factors in the Tang Wu revolution. By comparing the differences, Mencius attaches great importance to the hearts of the people, Xunzi respects the Holy King, Mozi Fengtianzhi, Han Fei Zanyin. Different narratives focus on different thoughts. The third chapter is the main content of the Tang Wu revolution on the nature of the analysis. Mencius thinks that the Tang Wu Revolution is just with benevolence, Xunzi also supports the justice of the revolution. Mozi thinks that revolution belongs to the category of "extermination" rather than "attack", and Han Fei thinks that the Tang Wu Revolution is an act of regicide. And expressed strong opposition. The fourth chapter mainly discusses the Tang Wu revolution in the unearthed literature, and analyzes the differences between the Tang Wu revolution and the contemporary ideas. The author thinks that the main reason of the Tang Wu revolution is that Jie and Zhou did not describe the way of the former king. At the same time, the author does not think that Tang Wu's conquest of Jie and Zhou by way of war is a reasonable form of political power transfer. The fifth part is a summary of the full text. The main content of this paper is to study the characteristics of historiography embodied in the Tang Wu Revolution and the reasons why the scholars differ from each other in the theory of history.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K231

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