【摘要】：申時行,字汝默,號瑤泉,明神宗萬歷十一年(1583年)至十九年(1591年)任內閣首輔,是萬歷中期政壇頗具影響力的人物。明世宗嘉靖四十一(1562年)年,申時行以科舉中狀元入仕,初在翰林院供職,后因文字受知于張居正,被其舉薦入閣。萬歷十一年(1583年),他接替回鄉(xiāng)丁憂的張四維出任首輔。申時行擔任首輔時,行寬大之政,與張居正時期嚴苛的執(zhí)政方式形成鮮明的對比,內閣與大臣的關系逐漸得到緩和,言路益開,之前因言獲罪的官僚也重新得到啟用。申時行在任期間,在賑災荒、理邊事、止興礦以及調和大臣與皇帝的關系等方面都顯示了較高的政治才能,穩(wěn)定了萬歷中期的政局。申時行雖因未能解決國本之爭而為世人詬病,但其在國本之爭中的作用不可被忽視。目前史學界對申時行的研究極少,對其評價亦有較多爭議。本文擬通過對申時行的評述,揭示其生平事跡及行事方式,同時對萬歷中期的政局有所探析,并作出一個較為全面、客觀的評價。 本文主要分四個部分論述： 第一部分主要敘述申時行的出身和入仕。申時行自幼受其父母良好的教育,飽有才學,且為人低調,處事老成,因此獲張居正賞識進入內閣。 第二部分主要論述張居正死后的內閣權力以及申時行與皇帝和文官集團的關系。借此展現申時行任首輔時所面對的政局。 第三部分主要評述申時行在任期間對多項重大政事的處理。這部分是本文的重點,借此展現其對萬歷中期政局的影響。 第四部分為評價,包括明清人士及當代學界的評價,通過分析,揭示圍繞申時行形成多種不同評價的原因,并對申時行做出較為全面、客觀的評價。
[Abstract]:Shen Shi line, the word Yumo, Yao Quan, Ming Shenzong Wanli 11 years (1583) to 19 years (1591) as the first auxiliary cabinet, is a very influential figure in the political arena. Ming Shizong Jiajing 41 (1562), Shenshi to imperial examination in the first official, early in the Academy of Hanlin, after the text was known in Zhang Juzheng, was recommended into the cabinet. Wanli 11 years (1583), he replaced the home of Zhang Siwei as the first auxiliary. In contrast to Zhang Juzheng's harsh way of governing, the relationship between cabinet and minister was gradually relaxed, and the bureaucrats who had been convicted of the crime of speech were also reactivated. During his term of office, Shen Shi showed high political talent in the relief of famine, the management of frontier affairs, the development of mines and the reconciliation of the relationship between the minister and the emperor, which stabilized the political situation in the middle of Wanli. Although Shen Shi Xing has been criticized by the world for its failure to resolve the dispute, its role in the state-based struggle cannot be ignored. At present, there are few researches on Shen Shi and its evaluation in history circles. This paper intends to reveal his life deeds and ways of acting through the commentary of Shen Shi's visit, and at the same time to analyze the political situation in the middle of Wanli, and to make a more comprehensive and objective evaluation. This article is mainly divided into four parts: the first part mainly describes the origin of Shenshi line and official. Shen Shicheng was educated by his parents from an early age, full of talent, low profile, and experienced in handling affairs, so he was recognized as a cabinet member by Zhang Juzheng. The second part mainly discusses the cabinet power of Zhang Juzheng after his death and the relationship between Shen Shi and the Emperor and Civil Service Group. This shows the political situation that Shen Shi faces when he acts as the first assistant. The third part mainly comments on the handling of many important political affairs during Shen Shi's term of office. This part is the focus of this paper, to show its impact on the political situation in the middle of Wanli. The fourth part is the evaluation, including the Ming and Qing personages and the contemporary academic circles' evaluation, through the analysis, reveals many kinds of different appraisal reasons around the Shen Shi line, and makes the relatively comprehensive and objective appraisal to the Shen Shi line.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K248

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本文編號：2367175