【摘要】：魚自遠(yuǎn)古時期,便被人們所熟悉,隨著人們社會實踐水平的提高,思維認(rèn)識的加深,魚的含義也不斷被豐富,發(fā)展出了食魚、捕魚、崇魚、賞魚、詠魚等一系列魚文化。唐詩中關(guān)于魚的詩歌數(shù)目有近三千首之多,唐代無疑是魚文化發(fā)展的繁榮期。唐代食魚之風(fēng)風(fēng)靡一時,蒸魚、魚湂、魚炙等食魚方法多種多樣,其中,魚湙成為唐人主要的食魚方式,詩歌、筆記小說等諸多史料都記載了唐人對湙品的喜愛。唐代用來制繪的魚種,有鯽魚、鱸魚、鯉魚等,呈多樣化的特點。這反映了唐代發(fā)達的漁業(yè)經(jīng)濟及唐人食魚風(fēng)氣的興盛,也體現(xiàn)了唐代不同地區(qū)的魚風(fēng)魚俗。與此同時,唐人也注意到了魚的藥用價值,唐代眾多醫(yī)書中都提及魚的食療功能。唐代魚形實物見于唐人的政治生活、社會生活中,唐代盛行“魚符”與“魚袋”制度,是魚文化在政治制度層面的體現(xiàn)。人首魚身俑見于唐人墓葬中,是魚文化在喪葬中的運用。雙魚壺盛行一時,摩羯紋飾廣泛應(yīng)用于唐代金銀器中,是魚文化在人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械木唧w表現(xiàn)。魚與唐代道教關(guān)系密切,鯉魚成為道家仙人坐騎,因為可以化龍而被尊崇。唐人賦予魚于情感,魚具有表達男女愛情、朋友友誼、君臣關(guān)系的功能。此外,唐代還出現(xiàn)了許多有關(guān)魚的故事。這些異彩紛呈的魚類故事,再現(xiàn)了魚文化與唐人生活觀念間的緊密聯(lián)系。
[Abstract]:Fish has been familiar to people since ancient times. With the improvement of people's social practice and the deepening of their thinking, the meaning of fish has been enriched, and a series of fish culture has been developed, such as eating fish, fishing, worshipping fish, appreciating fish, singing fish and so on. There are nearly 3,000 poems about fish in Tang poetry, and the Tang Dynasty is undoubtedly the prosperous period of fish culture development. Fish eating was popular in the Tang Dynasty. There were various ways of eating fish, such as steamed fish, fish frying and so on. Among them, fish became the main way of eating fish, poetry, notebook novels and many other historical materials all recorded the Tang people's love for fish. Tang Dynasty used to draw fish species, there are crucian carp, bass, carp and so on, with a variety of characteristics. This reflects the developed fishery economy in Tang Dynasty and the prosperity of eating fish in Tang Dynasty, and also reflects the fish customs in different areas of Tang Dynasty. At the same time, the Tang people also noticed the medicinal value of fish. In the social life of Tang Dynasty, the system of "fish charm" and "fish bag" prevailed in the Tang Dynasty, which is the embodiment of fish culture in the political system level. The first fish figurines are used in the tombs of Tang people. For a while, Capricorn ornaments were widely used in gold and silver vessels in Tang Dynasty, which was the concrete expression of fish culture in people's daily life. Fish had a close relationship with Taoism in the Tang Dynasty, and carp became the Taoist Immortals who were respected because they could transform dragons. The people of Tang Dynasty endowed fish with emotion. Fish has the function of expressing men and women's love, friendship of friends and relationship between monarch and subject. In addition, the Tang Dynasty also appeared a lot of stories about fish. These colorful fish stories reproduce the close relationship between fish culture and the life concept of the Tang people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K242

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