【摘要】：契丹自938年從石敬瑭手中割取幽云十六州后,南下侵?jǐn)_更加頻繁。宋朝建立后,兩國圍繞幽云地區(qū)的沖突不斷�！板Y之盟”后,雙方休戰(zhàn)百余年,北宋后期,宋徽宗行“聯(lián)金滅遼”之策,宋遼戰(zhàn)事又起,持續(xù)數(shù)年。宋遼戰(zhàn)事互有成敗,受戰(zhàn)局影響,必然會出現(xiàn)投降群體,其中官僚群體即叛臣群體值得關(guān)注。影響宋遼官員叛降的主要原因是雙方的和戰(zhàn)關(guān)系。兩次幽州之戰(zhàn)及澶淵之盟前的宋遼大規(guī)模戰(zhàn)事是宋遼叛臣出現(xiàn)的高峰期,由于宋遼兩國政治、文化背景差異,雙方的叛臣政策各有特點(diǎn)。北宋對待來降官員的政策自前期到后期發(fā)生了變化,前期主要表現(xiàn)為優(yōu)待而不重用,對叛臣懷有猜忌、顧慮之心,后期由于徽宗用人不當(dāng)及朝廷無人可用等因素的影響,對待來降官員肆意恩寵,濫用恩賞。遼統(tǒng)治者出于對中原先進(jìn)文化的推崇,對待北宋來降官員一律采取有能者即重用的政策。宋代“忠臣不事貳主”的忠君觀以及視夷狄如“犬馬”的民族觀的變化,對北宋士大夫以及后人認(rèn)識叛臣群體產(chǎn)生了重大影響。狹隘的忠君觀和民族觀使得當(dāng)時對叛臣的相關(guān)記錄和評價具有一定的片面性,往往因其叛降行為而否定叛臣一生中所有值得肯定的部分。時至今日,結(jié)合具體史實(shí)對叛臣群體進(jìn)行重新思考,對其評價將會更加理性、客觀。
[Abstract]:Qidan since 938 from Shi Jingtang cut from the hands of Youyun 16 states, south intrusion more frequent. After the establishment of the Song Dynasty, the conflict between the two countries around the Youyun area continued. After "the alliance of Chanyuan", the two sides had a truce for more than a hundred years. In the late Northern Song Dynasty, the Song Huizong carried out the strategy of "unite gold and destroy the Liao", and the war in Song and Liao began again and lasted for several years. The war of Song and Liao had success or failure, and under the influence of war situation, there would inevitably appear surrender group, among which the bureaucratic group was deserving of attention. The main reason that affects Song and Liao officials' rebellion is the relationship between the two sides. The two wars of Huizhou and the large-scale war of Song and Liao before the alliance of Chanyuan were the peak period of the renegade of the Song and Liao dynasties. Due to the differences of political and cultural backgrounds between the two countries, the policy of betrayal between the two countries had their own characteristics. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the policy of reducing officials changed from the early period to the later period. In the early period, the policy was mainly shown as preferential treatment rather than reuse, suspicion and concern for the rebellious officials, and the influence of improper employment of Huizong and the unavailability of the imperial court in the latter period. To treat officials to wanton favor, abuse of bounty. The Liao rulers adopted the policy of reusing those who have the ability to lower the officials in the Northern Song Dynasty out of the esteem of the advanced culture of the Central Plains. The changes of the concept of loyalty to the monarch and the national view of "dog and horse" in Song Dynasty had a great influence on the understanding of the apostate group by the literati of the Northern Song Dynasty as well as the later generations. The narrow view of loyalty to the monarch and the view of nationality made the relative record and evaluation of the defector at that time one-sidedness and often negated all the positive parts of his life because of his rebellious behavior. To this day, it will be more rational and objective to rethink the rebellious groups in combination with specific historical facts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K244

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

1 賈淑榮;;信任危機(jī)下的叛遼降金武將[J];西南大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2012年06期

2 夏宇旭;;金朝初期對遼戰(zhàn)爭中降金契丹將士的軍事活動及作用[J];北方文物;2011年04期

3 路育松;;試論北宋忠節(jié)觀建設(shè)的成效——以楚政權(quán)和南宋建立為中心的考察[J];求是學(xué)刊;2009年06期

4 都興智;;略論張覺事件與宋金寒盟[J];廊坊師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2009年02期

5 劉冬青;賈修蓮;;宋蒙(元)戰(zhàn)爭中的蒙方招降政策[J];宋史研究論叢;2007年00期

6 王茂華;;宋蒙(元)戰(zhàn)爭中的南宋降將考[J];宋史研究論叢;2005年00期

7 何天明;澶淵議和與王繼忠[J];內(nèi)蒙古社會科學(xué)(漢文版);2002年03期

，

本文編號：2249637