【摘要】：魏晉是一個(gè)戰(zhàn)事頻仍的年代,武人本應(yīng)擁有較高的地位。但歷史事實(shí)卻是這一時(shí)期的武人往往被輕視,社會(huì)地位不高。文士則社會(huì)地位相對(duì)較高,享有更多為官的資格與機(jī)會(huì),文士領(lǐng)兵甚至成為一種具有時(shí)代性的歷史現(xiàn)象。本文所要研究的魏晉儒將即指文士領(lǐng)兵這一群體。本文采取個(gè)案研究與群體研究相結(jié)合的方法,從分裂與統(tǒng)一的角度對(duì)魏晉儒將進(jìn)行研究。魏晉時(shí)段的限定也由這一角度決定,上起初平元年(190年)漢末分裂,下至太康元年(280年)西晉統(tǒng)一。第一章是陸遜抗蜀,主要研究孫權(quán)選任陸遜為上游統(tǒng)帥的原因,以及夷陵之戰(zhàn)與孫吳立國(guó)的關(guān)系。第二章為司馬懿主魏政,側(cè)重研究司馬懿奪取曹魏軍政大權(quán)的條件,高平陵事變與魏晉易代的關(guān)系。第三章是羊祜鎮(zhèn)襄陽(yáng),著重研究晉武帝派遣羊祜鎮(zhèn)守襄陽(yáng)的緣由,羊祜的前期準(zhǔn)備與西晉統(tǒng)一的關(guān)系。第四章則是魏晉儒將的群體性,“大一統(tǒng)”的政治理想,籍貫分布的相對(duì)集中,出身士族都是這一群體所具有的共同特性。前三章分別選擇陸遜、司馬懿和羊祜作為魏晉儒將的代表,看似獨(dú)立實(shí)則相互聯(lián)系,三人皆為推進(jìn)魏晉時(shí)期由分裂走向統(tǒng)一的關(guān)鍵人物。孫吳沒有陸遜在夷陵之戰(zhàn)中的勝利就無(wú)法立國(guó),司馬氏沒有司馬懿主掌曹魏軍政就無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)魏晉易代,而西晉沒有羊祜在襄陽(yáng)的長(zhǎng)期經(jīng)營(yíng)更是無(wú)法統(tǒng)一全國(guó)。從漢末的群雄割據(jù)到三國(guó)鼎立,再到西晉滅吳,以陸遜、司馬懿和羊祜為代表的儒將進(jìn)中國(guó)一步一步推向統(tǒng)一�？梢哉f,魏晉時(shí)期的統(tǒng)一是由這一時(shí)代的儒將共同完成。
[Abstract]:The Wei and Jin dynasties were a time of frequent war, and the martial arts were supposed to have a higher status. But the historical fact is that this period of martial people are often despised, social status is not high. Scribes have a relatively high social status and enjoy more qualifications and opportunities to serve as officials. The writer of this paper refers to the group of scribes and soldiers in Wei and Jin dynasties. This paper adopts the method of case study and group study to study Confucianism in Wei and Jin dynasties from the angle of division and unity. The limitation of the period of Wei and Jin was determined by this angle. At the beginning of the first year of Pingyuan (190), the end of the Han Dynasty split, and then the first year of Taikang (280 years) unified the Western Jin Dynasty. The first chapter is about Lu Xun's resistance to Shu. It mainly studies the reason why Sun Quan was chosen as commander in chief of the upper reaches and the relation between Yiling War and Sun Wu. The second chapter is Sima Yi, focusing on the conditions for Sima Yi to seize the military and political power of the Cao Wei Dynasty, and the relationship between Gao Pingling incident and the Wei and Jin dynasties. The third chapter is Xiangyang of Yanghu town, focusing on the reason why Emperor Jin Wu sent Yang Hu to guard Xiangyang, and the relationship between the early preparation of Yang Hu and the unification of Western Jin Dynasty. The fourth chapter is the group of Wei and Jin dynasties, the political ideal of "Unification", the relative concentration of origin distribution, and the common characteristics of this group. In the first three chapters, Luxun, Sima Yi and Yang Hu were chosen as the representatives of the Wei and Jin dynasties. Sun Wu could not establish a country without Lu Xun's victory in the battle of Yiling, Sima could not realize the change of Wei and Jin dynasties without Sima Yi, and the Western Jin Dynasty could not unify the whole country without the long-term management of Yang Hu in Xiangyang. From the end of the Han Dynasty to the three Kingdoms, to the Western Jin Dynasty, the Confucianism, represented by Lu Xun, Sima Yi and Yang Hu, will advance China step by step towards unification. It can be said that the unity of the Wei and Jin dynasties was completed by the Confucianism of this era.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K235

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