【摘要】：埋葬銀制度始于元代,最早稱燒埋銀,至明清時改稱埋葬銀。這項制度的主要內(nèi)容是不法致人死亡者在承擔(dān)相應(yīng)刑罰外,還須賠付死者家屬一定的賠償金。這種在承擔(dān)刑罰的同時還承擔(dān)經(jīng)濟懲罰的規(guī)定是元以前中國法律中不曾出現(xiàn)過的,這一制度是蒙古習(xí)慣法中的“命價銀”在進(jìn)入中原漢族地區(qū)后在漢族文化的影響下逐步發(fā)展而來,是元代統(tǒng)治者在結(jié)合中原法律傳統(tǒng)后進(jìn)行的制度創(chuàng)新。 可以認(rèn)為埋葬銀制度是中國歷史上第一次出現(xiàn)帶有刑事附帶民事賠償責(zé)任色彩的法律,具有現(xiàn)代法學(xué)上死亡賠償金的性質(zhì),在中國古代法制史上有著獨特的地位。 元代在滅亡后,元代法律中一些先進(jìn)的方面被明代法律所吸收,其中也包括埋葬銀制度。清承明制,這一制度也繼續(xù)在清代法律中發(fā)揮著作用。但由于統(tǒng)治者的好惡及社會發(fā)展的影響,埋葬銀制度在明清的運行情況與元代相比出現(xiàn)了較大變化。論文主要以埋葬銀制度在清代前期發(fā)生的變化為研究對象,通過對這一時期與元明兩代這一制度的運行情況比較突出清前期埋葬銀制度的變化特點,再結(jié)合案例等分析這一變化發(fā)生的原因,得出清前期埋葬銀制度發(fā)生變化主要在于儒家精神的影響及地方官員的瀆職。最后通過對一系列案例的分析闡述清前期埋葬銀制度對民間社會生活的影響,從側(cè)面反映出這一時期埋葬銀制度的運行情況。
[Abstract]:The system of burial silver began in Yuan Dynasty, it was first called burying silver, and it was renamed burial silver in Ming and Qing dynasties. The main content of this system is that, in addition to the corresponding punishment, the person who has caused the death of a person illegally must pay certain compensation to the family members of the deceased. Such provisions, which bear penalties while also bearing economic penalties, have never appeared in Chinese law before the Yuan Dynasty. This system was gradually developed under the influence of Han nationality culture after entering the Han nationality area of the Central Plains, and it was the institutional innovation of the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty after combining the legal tradition of the Central Plains. It can be considered that the system of buried silver is the first time in the history of China with the appearance of criminal law with the color of civil liability, with the modern law of the nature of death compensation, in the ancient Chinese legal history has a unique position. After the death of Yuan Dynasty, some advanced aspects of Yuan Dynasty law were absorbed by Ming Dynasty law, including burial silver system. Qing Dynasty inherited the Ming Dynasty system, this system also continued to play a role in the Qing Dynasty laws. However, due to the influence of the rulers' likes and dislikes and social development, the operation of the burial silver system in the Ming and Qing dynasties changed greatly compared with the Yuan Dynasty. The paper mainly takes the change of the burial silver system in the early Qing Dynasty as the object of study. Through the operation of this period and the Yuan and Ming dynasties, it highlights the characteristics of the change of the burial silver system in the early Qing Dynasty. Combined with cases and other analysis of the causes of this change, it is concluded that the early Qing Dynasty burial silver system changes mainly due to the impact of Confucian spirit and local officials dereliction of duty. Finally, through the analysis of a series of cases, this paper expounds the influence of the burial silver system on the civil society life in the early Qing Dynasty, which reflects the operation of the burial silver system in this period.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：K249

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本文編號：2137022