本文選題：北宋 + 皇宮　； 參考：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：在中國古代,自從產(chǎn)生擁有權(quán)力極大的君主,便有了專職負(fù)責(zé)其安全的禁衛(wèi)人員。歷代沿革,王朝更替,而負(fù)責(zé)君主安全的禁衛(wèi)機構(gòu)一直存在。從表面概念上看,宿衛(wèi)禁軍涵蓋之范圍不斷擴展,大致經(jīng)歷著由君主親從向外朝軍職或武官不斷變化的趨勢,但客觀上承擔(dān)帝王近身扈從之軍隊只能是各王朝的部分武力。在北宋之前的歷史演進中,雖然各代王朝于禁衛(wèi)名稱或組成上各有差異,但卻表現(xiàn)出一些共同特征。 皇宮宿衛(wèi)禁軍效命的終極目的在于皇帝與皇宮。北宋都城東京之皇城、宮城為同一城,它是在繼承前朝基礎(chǔ)上形成和發(fā)展起來的,宋人習(xí)慣上也稱大內(nèi)。北宋皇宮殿宇眾多,勢必有數(shù)量可觀的禁衛(wèi)；其宿衛(wèi)制度頗為森嚴(yán),這從當(dāng)時部分禁衛(wèi)律法可窺一斑；皇帝對宿衛(wèi)禁軍普遍重視,主要表現(xiàn)于禁軍的拔擢以及律法約束等層面。在理論上北宋禁軍皆為皇帝禁衛(wèi)軍隊,但殿前司與皇城司等機構(gòu)統(tǒng)率的禁軍,包括諸班直、寬衣天武官、皇城司親從親事官等,具體承擔(dān)著皇宮宿衛(wèi)職責(zé)。御前忠佐軍頭司、騏驥院等不屬于皇宮宿衛(wèi)禁軍之行列。北宋三衙禁軍在總體形勢上承擔(dān)著拱衛(wèi)京師和皇宮的職責(zé)。 殿前軍是北宋皇宮宿衛(wèi)的主要力量之一,其歷史可以追溯至唐代中期,經(jīng)過五代的演變和發(fā)展,逐漸成為皇帝常設(shè)的禁衛(wèi)武裝。北宋殿前親衛(wèi)禁軍如諸班直,無論于形式和內(nèi)容,皆深受晚唐五代亂世社會的影響�；实劢l(wèi)軍隊以“班”、“直”形式來組織管理,并以之而番號,這是晚唐五代以來歷史社會的新現(xiàn)象。北宋建國后,殿前班直大部分承襲了后周的禁軍體系,所謂“其最親近扈從者,號諸班直”。皇城司之原本職能首先在于禁衛(wèi)皇城、扈從皇帝的軍事方面。北宋皇城司禁軍包括親從、親事官等,是皇宮宿衛(wèi)的主要力量之一。寬衣天武禁軍在皇宮禁衛(wèi)中占據(jù)一席之地,應(yīng)與歷史的順延性和習(xí)慣性有很大關(guān)系。 北宋帝王重視皇宮宿衛(wèi),對于宿衛(wèi)禁軍的素質(zhì)狀況更非常關(guān)注,盡可能在制度上保障吸納到最滿意的人才為己所用。這些制度就是關(guān)于皇宮宿衛(wèi)禁軍的揀選召募、技能訓(xùn)練、法律規(guī)章以及俸祿待遇等具體的政策法規(guī),但是在實際執(zhí)行過程中又存在別樣情況。 皇宮宿衛(wèi)禁軍作為趙宋王朝禁軍的精銳力量,是國家武裝力量之一,自然也受到當(dāng)時傳統(tǒng)治國方針的影響。北宋一朝比較傳統(tǒng)和典型的治國方針便是“崇文抑武”之國策。在特殊的政治環(huán)境下,北宋皇宮宿衛(wèi)禁軍呈現(xiàn)出一些比較鮮明的時代特征。
[Abstract]:In ancient China, since the generation of monarchs with great power, there was a full-time ban on the security of the guards. The successive dynasties, the dynasties replaced, and the forbidden body responsible for the security of the monarch existed all the time. The trend of change, but the army that objectively bears the emperor's close quarters, is only part of the force of the dynasties. In the historical evolution of the Northern Song Dynasty, although the dynasties were different in the name or composition of the forbidden men, there were some common features.
The ultimate aim of the imperial palace guard's service was the emperor and the Imperial Palace, the imperial city of Tokyo in the Northern Song Dynasty, the imperial city of the Northern Song Dynasty, the same city as the same city, which was formed and developed on the basis of inheriting the former dynasty. The emperor had a glimpse of the law; the emperor paid great attention to the guard against the guard, mainly manifested in the promotion of the forbidden army and the restriction of the law. In theory, the forbidden army in the Northern Song Dynasty was the emperor's forbidden army, but the prohibition of the army in the northern Song Dynasty and the Royal City Department, including the straight, the broad clothes heaven military officers, the imperial family, and the relatives of the Royal City, took on the imperial palace. The three government of the Northern Song Dynasty took on the responsibilities of the Beijing Teachers and the Imperial Palace in the general situation.
The Royal Palace was one of the main forces of the palace guard of the Imperial Palace in the Northern Song Dynasty. Its history can be traced back to the middle of the Tang Dynasty. After the evolution and development of the Five Dynasties, the emperor gradually became the permanent ban on the emperor's guard. After the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty, the front of the Northern Song Dynasty, after the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty, most inherited the following week's military system, the so-called "the most close to the squire, the straight". The original function of the royal city was first in the Forbidden City, the Emperor's military aspect. The emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty. It is one of the main forces of the palace guard, which is one of the main forces of the Imperial Palace, which has a place in the palace guard. It should be related to the deferred and customary history of the history.
The emperors of the Northern Song Dynasty attached great importance to the imperial palace guard and paid more attention to the quality of the guards, and as far as possible to protect the most satisfied talents for their own use. These systems were specific policies and regulations concerning the selection of the forbidden army of the Imperial Palace, skills training, laws and regulations, and salaries, but it was actually carried out. There is another situation in the course.
The forbidden army of the Imperial Palace, as the elite force of the forbidden army of the Zhao and Song Dynasties, was one of the state armed forces and was influenced by the traditional policy of governing the country at that time. The traditional and typical policy of governing the country in the Northern Song Dynasty was the national policy of "Chongwen restraining martial arts". Characteristics of the times.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K244;E291

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 崔玉謙;;論北宋崇寧年間的三衛(wèi)府[J];河北北方學(xué)院學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2013年05期

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本文編號：1946241