本文選題：梁武帝 + 文宣帝�。� 參考：《西北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：發(fā)源于印度的佛教在形成初期奉行托缽乞食之制,后來(lái)佛教傳播到世界各地,與當(dāng)?shù)仫L(fēng)土人情以及文化習(xí)慣等相結(jié)合,進(jìn)而使不同地域內(nèi)的佛教徒因地制宜的形成了不盡相同的飲食方式。素食制度是中國(guó)漢傳佛教的典型特征,同時(shí)也是漢傳佛教區(qū)別于其他地域佛教派別的顯著特點(diǎn)。中國(guó)在先秦時(shí)期便將素食與人格聯(lián)系在一起,食素被認(rèn)為是安貧樂(lè)道,品格高尚的表現(xiàn),為儒家文化所推崇。佛教自東漢進(jìn)入中國(guó)之后,與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)儒道文化不斷交流融合,至南北朝進(jìn)入輝煌時(shí)期。素食與佛教戒殺、護(hù)生等理念不謀而合,受到統(tǒng)治者的大力提倡,其中梁武帝和北齊文宣帝都曾推行過(guò)大規(guī)模的戒殺素食運(yùn)動(dòng),為佛教素食制度在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)的推廣奠定了重要基礎(chǔ)。南北朝時(shí)期是中國(guó)歷史上戰(zhàn)亂頻發(fā),分裂割據(jù)的時(shí)代,但同時(shí)也是民族融合、文化交流、多元一體的時(shí)代,佛教在這一時(shí)期發(fā)展迅猛。同時(shí),這一時(shí)期成為佛教與中國(guó)政治結(jié)合的重要階段,統(tǒng)治者在扶持佛教發(fā)展的同時(shí)也加強(qiáng)了對(duì)佛教的管理和控制。本文從中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)儒家文化對(duì)待素食的態(tài)度以及佛教傳播的特點(diǎn)出發(fā),結(jié)合南北朝時(shí)期諸帝王對(duì)待佛教的政策演變,通過(guò)對(duì)比梁武帝和北齊文宣帝戒殺素食運(yùn)動(dòng)的異同,進(jìn)而梳理出佛教素食制度的形成推廣脈絡(luò)以及佛教與政治之間的發(fā)展演變關(guān)系。經(jīng)研究認(rèn)為,一,梁武帝和北齊文宣帝一南一北推行戒殺素食既是出于信仰的目的,同時(shí)也是出于維護(hù)國(guó)家統(tǒng)治的需要。二,兩者之間推行戒殺素食在初衷、詔令內(nèi)容和實(shí)施、個(gè)人踐行以及對(duì)后世的影響等諸多方面又有所不同,梁武帝推行的素食運(yùn)動(dòng)主要在僧團(tuán)內(nèi)部進(jìn)行,北齊文宣帝將戒殺素食推廣至世俗生活之中。三,北齊文宣帝在一定程度上受到了梁武帝的影響,在許多方面都有仿效梁武帝之處,但其在北朝推行的戒殺素食政策為北朝素食風(fēng)氣的形成以及漢傳佛教素食制度的全面確立起到了極大的促進(jìn)作用。
[Abstract]:Originating in India, Buddhism practiced the system of begging for food in the early stages of its formation. Later, Buddhism spread to various parts of the world, combining local customs and cultural customs. Thus, Buddhists in different regions formed different eating styles according to local conditions. Vegetarianism is a typical characteristic of Chinese Han Buddhism, and it is also a distinct feature of Han Buddhism. China linked vegetarianism with personality in the pre-Qin period. Vegetarian diet was regarded as an expression of peace and happiness and high moral character, which was respected by Confucian culture. Since the Eastern Han Dynasty came into China, Buddhism and Chinese traditional Confucianism and Taoism culture exchange and fusion, to the Southern and Northern dynasties into a glorious period. Vegetarianism coincided with Buddhist concepts of abstinence and preservation, and was strongly advocated by the rulers. Among them, Emperor Liang Wu and Emperor Wen Xuan of the Northern Qi Dynasty both carried out a large-scale campaign to give up vegetarianism. It lays an important foundation for the promotion of Buddhist vegetarian system in the whole country. The period of Southern and Northern dynasties was a time of frequent wars and separations in Chinese history, but it was also an era of ethnic integration, cultural exchange and pluralism. Buddhism developed rapidly in this period. At the same time, this period became an important stage of the combination of Buddhism and Chinese politics, and the rulers strengthened the management and control of Buddhism while supporting the development of Buddhism. Based on the attitude of Chinese traditional Confucian culture towards vegetarianism and the characteristics of Buddhism spread, combined with the evolution of the policy of the emperors in the Northern and Southern dynasties, this paper compares the similarities and differences between Liang Wudi and Wen Xuandi of the Northern Qi Dynasty in the movement of extermination of vegetarianism. And then sort out the formation and promotion of Buddhist vegetarian system and the relationship between Buddhism and politics. According to the research, first, Liang Wudi and Wen Xuandi of the Northern Qi Dynasty carried out vegetarian diet out of belief and also out of the need of maintaining the rule of the country. Second, there are differences in the original intention, the content and implementation of the imperial edict, the personal practice and the influence on later generations in the implementation of vegetarian diet between the two. The vegetarian movement promoted by Emperor Liang Wudi is mainly carried out within the Sangha. Northern Qi Dynasty Emperor Wenxuan popularized vegetarianism to worldly life. Third, Emperor Wenxuan of the Northern Qi Dynasty was influenced to a certain extent by Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty. In many respects, he emulated Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty. However, the policy of banishing vegetarianism in the Northern Dynasty played a great role in promoting the formation of vegetarianism and the establishment of the vegetarian system in Han Buddhism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K235

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