本文選題：戰(zhàn)國七雄 + 對外戰(zhàn)略理念　； 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：戰(zhàn)國是我國歷史上一個大變革大發(fā)展的時期。戰(zhàn)國七雄是當(dāng)時華夏體系內(nèi)國家間互動的主要行為體,并構(gòu)成了復(fù)雜的多極格局。從戰(zhàn)國初年形成“七雄”爭霸的政治格局到秦國完成“天下統(tǒng)一”的歷史任務(wù)這兩百余年的時間里,戰(zhàn)國七雄或是為了救亡圖存,或是為了兼并領(lǐng)土,展開了運用其所有對外戰(zhàn)略資源來實現(xiàn)對外戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)的活動。這段時期是諸侯國間互動最為激烈的時期,各國為了不在兼并戰(zhàn)中失敗,紛紛進行變法改革,富國強兵。這段時期也是諸侯國間外交與結(jié)盟活動最為頻繁的時期,國家間的聯(lián)盟變幻莫測。 筆者首先闡述了戰(zhàn)略、對外戰(zhàn)略的內(nèi)涵,同時論證了戰(zhàn)國七雄構(gòu)成的華夏體系內(nèi)獨特的“天下格局”態(tài)勢,這種“天下格局”在總體上是齊、楚、燕、韓、趙、魏、秦七強形成的一種不太穩(wěn)定的均勢。這是本文研究的基礎(chǔ)。 在對外戰(zhàn)略理念方面,秦國以事功主義為核心、以“統(tǒng)一天下”為導(dǎo)向的價值理念順應(yīng)了民心,符合了時代潮流。而山東六國中,齊、趙兩國的地區(qū)擴張主義的戰(zhàn)略理念,魏、韓從區(qū)域強國到依附強國的對外戰(zhàn)略理念,楚國的防御性現(xiàn)實主義對外戰(zhàn)略理念,燕國從孤立主義到有限擴張主義的對外戰(zhàn)略理念,均因急功近利,追逐短期利益而失敗。 在對外戰(zhàn)略資源方面,秦國以其地緣政治的優(yōu)越、經(jīng)濟資源的充足、軍事實力的強大、國內(nèi)政治的清明而遠遠勝于山東六國。從對外戰(zhàn)略資源的比較中透視出秦國的強大。 在對外戰(zhàn)略手段的運用方面,秦國在統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)爭采取軍事、聯(lián)盟、外交等綜合的對外戰(zhàn)略手段,而山東六國的對外戰(zhàn)略手段則較為單一,因此時常在互動中處于劣勢。 中國在改革開放后經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展,和秦國在商鞅變法后的快速崛起有一定的相似性。然而,中國要通過和平崛起而非秦國的暴力崛起,中國的對外戰(zhàn)略應(yīng)做好以下幾方面的工作：中國合理定位在國際體系中的身份；制定科學(xué)合理的對外戰(zhàn)略理念與目標(biāo)；國家政權(quán)更迭的情況下保證對外戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)的連續(xù)性與穩(wěn)定性；綜合利用國內(nèi)國際兩大人才資源的戰(zhàn)略；對外戰(zhàn)略手段選擇的多樣化、科學(xué)化。
[Abstract]:The warring States period is a period of great change and great development in the history of our country.Qixiong was the main actor of inter-state interaction in the Huaxia system at that time, and constituted a complex multipolar pattern.During the more than 200 years since the formation of the "Seven Xiong" struggle for hegemony in the early years of the warring States period and the completion of the historical task of "unification of the world" by the State of Qin, the seven Xiong members of the warring States period have either sought to save the nation from subjugation or to annex territory.Launched the use of all its external strategic resources to achieve the external strategic objectives.This period is the period of the most intense interaction between the feudal states, countries in order not to lose in the annexation war, one after another to carry out reform reform, rich and powerful troops.This period was also the most frequent period of diplomatic and alliance activities between the states.First of all, the author expounds the connotation of strategy and foreign strategy, and at the same time demonstrates the unique situation of "world pattern" in the Chinese system composed of Seven Xiong during the warring States period. This "world pattern" is, on the whole, Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao, Wei,The seven-strong Qin formation of a less stable balance of power.This is the basis of this study.In the aspect of foreign strategic idea, Qin's value concept of "unifying the world" conforms to the popular sentiment and the trend of the times with the core of the doctrine of doing things as the core, and the value idea of "unifying the world" as the guide.The strategic concept of regional expansionism of Shandong's six countries, Qi and Zhao, the foreign strategic concept of Wei and Han from regional power to dependent power, the defensive realism foreign strategic idea of Chu,Yanguo's foreign strategic concept from isolationism to limited expansionism all failed because of the pursuit of short-term interests.In terms of foreign strategic resources, the Qin State is far superior to the six countries in Shandong because of its superiority in geopolitics, sufficient economic resources, strong military strength and strong domestic politics.From the comparison of foreign strategic resources, the Qin country is strong.In the use of foreign strategic means, Qin adopted military, alliance, diplomacy and other comprehensive foreign strategic means in the unification war, while the six countries in Shandong were relatively single in foreign strategic means, so they were often at a disadvantage in interaction.China's rapid economic development after reform and opening up is similar to Qin's rapid rise after Shang Yang's reform.However, if China wants to rise peacefully rather than Qin's violent rise, China's foreign strategy should do well in the following aspects: China's rational position in the international system, the formulation of scientific and reasonable foreign strategic concepts and objectives;Under the circumstances of the change of state power, the continuity and stability of the foreign strategic objectives are guaranteed; the strategy of synthetically utilizing the domestic and international talent resources; the diversification and scientific selection of the foreign strategic means.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K231

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