本文關(guān)鍵詞： 家訓(xùn) 社會秩序 社會規(guī)范 家國同構(gòu) 右文政策　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 群體生活是社會生活的本質(zhì),社會秩序是社會的一種內(nèi)在需求。社會規(guī)范是社會秩序的核心,社會秩序的實現(xiàn)以穩(wěn)定的社會規(guī)范為前提,社會規(guī)范不僅僅包括法律、法規(guī)等正式規(guī)范,還包括道德、習(xí)俗等非正式觀念。家訓(xùn)作為一種傳統(tǒng)文化,是一定歷史條件下社會意識的反映。宋代社會處在封建社會變遷的關(guān)鍵時刻,整個社會存在建立穩(wěn)定社會秩序的需要。宋代家訓(xùn)正是這種非正式規(guī)范的一種體現(xiàn),宋代家訓(xùn)的繁榮很好地促進(jìn)了宋代社會秩序的實現(xiàn)。 自西周產(chǎn)生家訓(xùn)之后,名稱雖多種多樣,但是內(nèi)容和形式一直穩(wěn)定地豐富發(fā)展,并逐漸走向成熟。宋代是我國家訓(xùn)文化繁榮的重要時期,現(xiàn)在留存的有很多著名的家訓(xùn),也是我們研究宋代文化的重要史料之一。 宋代家訓(xùn)的作者主要是當(dāng)時的文人士大夫,從思想意識上來看,宋代家訓(xùn)是儒家文化的具體化,儒家云“修身,齊家,治國”,宋代家訓(xùn)作為家庭教育的規(guī)范,主要包括這三方面的內(nèi)容。從個體的角度看,主要包括勉學(xué)重教、中庸處世和遵守禮俗三個方面的規(guī)范。傳統(tǒng)社會中家庭承擔(dān)著更多的社會功能,家庭是個體社會化的主要場所。宋代家訓(xùn)作為一種非正式規(guī)范在個體由生物人轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樯鐣说倪^程中起著重要的作用。家庭是社會的細(xì)胞,封建大家庭是小家庭的有機組合,家庭秩序的穩(wěn)定對于社會秩序的穩(wěn)定有著重要的意義。宋代家訓(xùn)賦予家長權(quán)威保證家長權(quán)力的實施,進(jìn)而實現(xiàn)家庭的長幼之序,同時以男權(quán)為核心構(gòu)建一種男尊女卑的性別秩序。家國同構(gòu)的社會背景之下,家長權(quán)力是君主權(quán)力的一種濃縮。宋代家訓(xùn)中,孝忠一體,孝悌觀念延升為忠君愛國的思想規(guī)范。統(tǒng)治階級通過宋代家訓(xùn),以溫情脈脈的宗法血緣關(guān)系為依托,構(gòu)建的是一種森嚴(yán)的等級秩序。 傳統(tǒng)文化的沃壤、宋代經(jīng)濟(jì)以及印刷等科技的發(fā)展為宋代家訓(xùn)的發(fā)展奠定了堅實的基礎(chǔ)。宋前長期社會動亂造成宋代社會結(jié)構(gòu)的變遷與社會規(guī)范的破壞,一方面,傳統(tǒng)門閥士族逐漸衰落,代之而起的是官僚地主與庶族地主,相對頻繁的社會流動使得他們的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)地位的相對不穩(wěn)定,使得他們需要通過家訓(xùn)來教育子孫維持家族的發(fā)展,宋代同居大家庭內(nèi)部事務(wù)繁瑣,人際關(guān)系復(fù)雜,客觀上也需要家訓(xùn)來維持家庭秩序的穩(wěn)定；另一方面,傳統(tǒng)社會規(guī)范在宋前的社會動亂當(dāng)中遭到嚴(yán)重的怕破壞,整個社會普遍處在一種社會失序的危險當(dāng)中,官方與民間存在一種建立新的禮法規(guī)范的需要。社會規(guī)范的破壞與重建是宋代家訓(xùn)繁榮的另一個原因。此外,宋代家訓(xùn)的繁榮也與宋代尚文的政治策略分不開,宋代加強集權(quán)以后,加強文化控制,宋代家訓(xùn)是統(tǒng)治階級灌輸封建文化的一個切實可行的有效手段。 宋代家訓(xùn)作為一種時代的產(chǎn)物,客觀上促進(jìn)了宋代社會秩序的實現(xiàn)。作為家庭教育的范本,使得封建家庭的教育有了穩(wěn)定的規(guī)范,真?zhèn)�社會普遍重視子孫后代的文化教育與道德培養(yǎng),客觀上促進(jìn)了社會成員素質(zhì)的提高；宋代家訓(xùn)的繁榮也便于家庭事務(wù)與人際關(guān)系的管理,促進(jìn)家庭的穩(wěn)定。而家庭的穩(wěn)定也必然會促進(jìn)社會的穩(wěn)定。宋代家訓(xùn)是主流文化——儒家文化的一種反映,宋代家訓(xùn)宣揚的也是儒家的倫理思想,宋代家訓(xùn)的價值觀念也不可避免地存在為封建統(tǒng)治階級辯護(hù)的傾向。家訓(xùn)的說教以血緣關(guān)系為依托,很好地促進(jìn)代了代表統(tǒng)治階級利益的社會規(guī)范的傳播。宋代加強了文化控制的手段,宋代家訓(xùn)的發(fā)展適應(yīng)統(tǒng)治階級的需要。封建禮法觀念的傳播能促進(jìn)統(tǒng)治階級社會控制的實現(xiàn),促進(jìn)社會秩序的穩(wěn)定。 宋代家訓(xùn)的繁榮雖然促進(jìn)了社會秩序的實現(xiàn),但是作為一種封建文化的產(chǎn)物,也存在著一定的局限性。宋代家訓(xùn)貫穿的是一種封建宗法觀念,不可避免地體現(xiàn)長幼有序、男尊女卑等封建等級思想,最終只能淪為封建統(tǒng)治階級奴役人民的工具,社會秩序的實現(xiàn)是以犧牲大多數(shù)人的權(quán)益為代價。此外,宋代家訓(xùn)還宣揚儒家的中庸保守思想,整個社會缺乏創(chuàng)新意識,極大地阻礙了社會經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技與文化的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Group life is the essence of social life, social order is an inherent demand of the society. Social norms are the core of social order, the realization of social order to regulate the stability of society is the premise of social norms include not only laws, regulations and other formal specification, including ethics, customs and other informal ideas. Family as a kind of traditional culture that is the reflection of social consciousness under certain historical conditions. The critical moment of social change in feudal society, the whole society need to establish a stable social order. The Song Dynasty family is a reflection of the informal norms, the prosperity of the Song family instructions is good to accelerate the realization of the social order of song.
After the instructions generated from the Western Zhou, the name is varied, but the content and form has been enriched and developed steadily, and gradually mature. Song Dynasty is an important period for China's cultural prosperity of the family, now retained many famous family, one of the important historical data is our study of the Song Dynasty culture.
Is the main author of the Song Dynasty family at the time of the literati, from the ideological point of view, the Song Dynasty family concrete Confucian culture, Confucian "self-cultivation, regulating the family, governing the cloud", the Song Dynasty family as the standards of family education, which mainly includes three aspects. From the Perspective of individuals, including mianxue teachers the world, and abide by the three aspects of etiquette norms. Family in traditional society assume more social functions, the family is the main place for individual socialization. The Song Dynasty family as an informal specification in the individual from biological person to social person plays an important role. The family is the cell of society, feudal the family is the organic combination of small family, family order and stability is of great significance for the stability of the social order. The family instructions give parents the authority to ensure the implementation of the parental power, so as to realize the family The pecking order, at the same time as the core of the male gender order to construct a patriarchal social background. Under the isomorphic, parental power is the concentration of sovereign power. The Song Dynasty family, filial piety and loyalty, filial piety and extension of ideological norms being patriotic. The ruling class through the Song Dynasty to the patriarchal family motto, full of tender feelings based on the blood relationship, construct a strict hierarchical order.
Fertile soil of traditional culture, the development of economy in Song Dynasty and printing technology has laid a solid foundation for the development of the Song Dynasty family. The long-term social upheaval caused the change of social structure and the damage of social norms, on the one hand, the traditional Menfa gradually decline, replaced by bureaucratic landlords and landlords, society flow relatively frequently makes their political and economic status is relatively unstable, so they need to educate their children to maintain family development through family, family living together family internal affairs cumbersome and complicated interpersonal relationship, objectively also need instructions to maintain family order and stability; on the other hand, the traditional social norms have been seriously afraid in the song before the destruction of social unrest, the whole society is a dangerous social disorder, the official and the folk there is a new legal norm needs. Destruction and reconstruction of social norms is another reason for the prosperity of the Song Dynasty family. In addition, the Song Dynasty family prosperity and the politics of the Song Dynasty is still not open, after the Song Dynasty to strengthen the centralization of power, strengthen the cultural control, the Song Dynasty family is a practical and effective means of feudal ruling class culture.
The Song Dynasty family as a product of the times, the objective to promote the realization of the social order. As a model of family education, making the feudal family education a stable social norms, really pay more attention to moral education and cultural education of future generations, the objective to promote the improvement of the quality of social members; the Song Dynasty family prosperity it is suitable for family affairs and interpersonal relationship management, promoting family stability. The stability of the family will certainly promote social stability. The Song Dynasty family is the mainstream culture -- a reflection of Confucian culture, ethics of the Song Dynasty family declared and Confucian values, the Song Dynasty family also inevitably tend to defend the feudal the ruling class of the family. Preaching of kinship support, effectively promote the generation of the representative of the interests of the ruling class of social norms. The Song Dynasty strengthened the cultural dissemination The means of control, the development of the Song Dynasty family to adapt to the needs of the ruling class. The spread of the feudal concept of etiquette can promote the realization of social control of the ruling class, to improve the stability of social order.
The Song Dynasty family prosperity while promoting the realization of the social order, but as a product of feudal culture, there are also some limitations. The Song Dynasty family is a feudal patriarchal concept, inevitably reflect the patriarchal feudal hierarchy and seniority, etc., will become the feudal ruling class enthralment tool implementation the social order is at the expense of the interests of most people. In addition, the Song Dynasty family also preached Confucian conservative ideas, lack of innovation consciousness of the whole society, which greatly hindered the development of social economy, technology and culture.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K244

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前9條

1 李靜;論北宋的平民化宗法思潮[J];重慶師院學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);2002年04期

2 陳振華;;博引群經(jīng) 理性闡述——讀王毅教授新著《宋代文學(xué)家庭》[J];長沙大學(xué)學(xué)報;2009年03期

3 楊建宏;論宋代家訓(xùn)家范與民間社會控制[J];船山學(xué)刊;2005年01期

4 楊華;;簡論宋朝家訓(xùn)文獻(xiàn)中的道德教育[J];甘肅理論學(xué)刊;2005年06期

5 何忠禮;宋代戶部人口統(tǒng)計考察[J];歷史研究;1999年04期

6 陳延斌;論司馬光的家訓(xùn)及其教化特色[J];南京師大學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2001年04期

7 陳延斌;試論明清家訓(xùn)的發(fā)展及其教化實踐[J];齊魯學(xué)刊;2003年01期

8 王毅;宋代家訓(xùn)與宋代文學(xué)家庭[J];聊城大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2005年03期

9 姜錫東;試論宋代的官僚地主土地所有制[J];中國經(jīng)濟(jì)史研究;1994年03期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 陳志勇;唐宋家訓(xùn)研究[D];福建師范大學(xué);2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 李俊;宋代家訓(xùn)中的經(jīng)濟(jì)觀念[D];河北師范大學(xué);2002年

2 姚社;宋代家訓(xùn)中的婦女觀研究[D];華中師范大學(xué);2008年

3 董琳;宋代大家庭內(nèi)部人際關(guān)系研究[D];河北師范大學(xué);2008年

，

本文編號：1518829