清軍對索倫部的統(tǒng)一與索倫鄂溫克人的遷徙
發(fā)布時間:2018-02-17 07:28
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 清朝 索倫部 統(tǒng)一 索倫鄂溫克人 遷徙 出處:《黑龍江民族叢刊》2017年04期 論文類型:期刊論文
【摘要】:"鄂溫克"是鄂溫克人的自稱。鄂溫克族由于歷史上的不斷遷徙和分散居住,加之交通不便,互相來往少,始終處于隔絕狀態(tài),逐漸形成了區(qū)域性的經(jīng)濟和生活,曾被其他民族分別稱為"索倫""通古斯""雅庫特"等。明朝萬歷年間,建州女真部的努爾哈赤為了解除后顧之憂,開始統(tǒng)一東海諸部以及黑龍江上、中游諸部。由于當(dāng)時黑龍江上、中游索倫部區(qū)域的地理位置是決定征明戰(zhàn)爭勝利與否的因素之一,亟待解決的問題就是統(tǒng)一索倫部等北方諸部,因此清軍先后發(fā)動了三次統(tǒng)一索倫部的戰(zhàn)爭。之后由于俄國侵略軍不斷地在精奇里江、黑龍江流域進行殖民活動,居住在這里的索倫鄂溫克人不能安居樂業(yè),生命財產(chǎn)的安全受到了威脅。而且清朝政府主要忙于統(tǒng)一中原的戰(zhàn)爭,不能抽出兵力來支援當(dāng)?shù)鼐用襁M行抗俄的斗爭。因此,居住在精奇里江和黑龍江流域的索倫鄂溫克人開始離開故鄉(xiāng)向嫩江流域遷徙。
[Abstract]:"Ewenki" is the self-proclaimed of the Ewenki people. As a result of the continuous migration and scattered residence in history and the inconvenience of transportation, the Ewenki people have always been isolated from each other and gradually formed a regional economy and life. Once called "Soren," "Tungus," "Yakut" and so on. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Nulhach, of the Ministry of Nu Zhen of Jianzhou, began to unify the ministries of the East China Sea and the Heilongjiang River in order to relieve his worries. At that time, the geographical location of the Soren region in the middle reaches of the Heilongjiang River was one of the factors determining the victory of the Ming War. The problem to be solved urgently was the unification of the Sauron and other northern ministries. As a result, the Qing army launched three wars to unify the Soren Ministry. Later, because the Russian invading troops carried out colonization activities in the Jingchili River and the Heilongjiang River valley, the Soren Ewenki people living here could not live and work in peace and contentment. The security of life and property was threatened. Moreover, the Qing government was mainly engaged in the war of unification of the Central Plains and could not draw out troops to support the local people in their struggle against Russia. The Soren Ewenki, who lived in the Jingchili and Heilongjiang rivers, began to migrate from their hometown to the Nenjiang River.
【作者單位】: 黑龍江省民族研究所;
【基金】:黑龍江省民族研究所“十三五”重要課題階段性成果
【分類號】:K249
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