發(fā)布時間：2018-01-20 15:26

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 西漢前期 皇帝 功臣列侯 宗室諸王 相制相依之局　出處：《安徽師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：漢帝國從高帝末期開始,逐漸出現(xiàn)了皇帝、功臣列侯、宗室諸王三足并立、相互制衡的政治格局,筆者傾向于使用“功臣列侯宗室諸王相制相依之局”這一概念來概括他們之間復(fù)雜的政治關(guān)系。此局形成于惠帝時期,在高后末期展露無遺,經(jīng)過文景時期漢法改革浪潮的沖擊,最后在七國之亂后走向瓦解。它構(gòu)成了西漢前期高層政治發(fā)展的主要內(nèi)容,呂后執(zhí)政、諸呂之難、帝位之爭、漢法改革等等一系列重大的歷史事件無不含納于此局之中。 此局在現(xiàn)實的政治運(yùn)作中主要表現(xiàn)為以下幾種歷史形態(tài):內(nèi)外相依以誅諸呂、內(nèi)外相依以制文帝和內(nèi)外相依以制景帝,這是功臣列侯與宗室諸王相依相持以制皇帝的反映;內(nèi)外相制以立代王、居內(nèi)制外以輔文帝和居內(nèi)制外以保景帝,這是功臣列侯或宗室諸王倚向皇帝以制其中之一的反映。 全文共分為六個部分。第一部分為導(dǎo)言,主要說明問題的由來、研究現(xiàn)狀、本文的核心概念和創(chuàng)新之處。 第二部分論證了“功臣列侯宗室諸王相制相依之局”形成于惠帝時期,主要是以二元帝國權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)的出現(xiàn)和功臣列侯退出王國政府為標(biāo)志。 第三部分分析高后時期“功臣列侯宗室諸王相制相依之局”的運(yùn)作過程,主要說明呂后旨在“連根固本”的一系列政策強(qiáng)行改變了二元帝國權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu),激化了劉呂婚姻集團(tuán)與功臣列侯、宗室諸王之間的矛盾,最終釀成了葬送劉呂婚姻集團(tuán)的諸呂之難,而在重建皇權(quán)的過程中,實力較弱的代王劉恒因功臣列侯與宗室諸王的相互制衡而幸運(yùn)地入繼大統(tǒng)。 第四部分先是分析代王繼位的合法性問題,接著還原文帝繼位之初在功臣列侯的支持下逼死宗室諸王中之齊哀、楚元兩王的歷史真相,然后以賈誼左遷、晁錯用事、劉長之死、七國之亂等四個重大的歷史事件為分析對象,力圖展現(xiàn)七國之亂前“功臣列侯宗室諸王相制相依之局”在現(xiàn)實政治中的運(yùn)作過程。 第五部分分析“功臣列侯宗室諸王相制相依之局”瓦解的歷史過程,主要是闡明景帝中元五年王國制度改革與文景時期痛繩列侯的政策基本上剝奪了宗室諸王的王國自治權(quán)和功臣列侯的決策主導(dǎo)權(quán),改變了高帝時代就已確立的二元帝國權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)。這個過程顯示了漢帝國由聯(lián)合帝國向?qū)Ｖ频蹏葑兊淖詈箅A段。 第六部分為余論,主要論述“功臣列侯宗室諸王相制相依之局”逐漸走向崩解的主要原因,力圖說明匯集民望與君欲的儒生文吏的政治追求在此局的崩解過程中發(fā)揮了巨大的作用。
[Abstract]:The Han Empire began from the end of the high emperor, gradually appeared the emperor, meritorious officials, monarchs and kings stand side by side, checks and balances between the political pattern. The author tends to use the concept of "the system of depending on the princes of the meritorious princes and princes" to generalize the complex political relations between them, which was formed in the period of Huidi and fully exposed at the end of the high post period. After the impact of the reform of Han and France during the period of literature and scenery, it finally disintegrated after the chaos of the Seven Kingdoms. It constituted the main content of the high-level political development in the early Western Han Dynasty. Han-France reform and a series of major historical events are not included in this situation. In the actual political operation, the main manifestations of this situation are as follows: internal and external dependence in order to kill Lu, internal and external dependence in order to control the emperor and internal and external dependence in order to make King. This is a reflection of the emperor's system by which the meritorious officials and the princes depend on each other. The internal and external system was made to replace the king, the internal system and the external system to assist the emperor, and the internal system to protect the King, which is a reflection of the meritorious officials or the royal families to one of the emperors. This paper is divided into six parts. The first part is the introduction, mainly explains the origin of the problem, the status quo of the research, the core concepts and innovations of this paper. The second part demonstrates that the formation of the "imperial clan system dependent on each other" was mainly marked by the emergence of the power structure of the dualistic empire and the withdrawal of the meritorious princes from the Royal Government. The third part analyzes the operation process of "the system of the princes of the meritorious officials and the princes" during the period of the high post period, which mainly explains that a series of policies aimed at "connecting the roots and securing the roots" have forcibly changed the power structure of the dualistic empire. Intensified the Liu Lu marriage group and meritorious officials line Hou, the monarchs of the kings, eventually led to the destruction of Liu Lu marriage group of Lu difficult, and in the process of rebuilding imperial power. Liu Heng, the weaker king, was lucky to succeed because of the checks and balances between the imperial princes and the imperial princes. The 4th part first analyzes the legitimacy of the succession of the king on behalf of the king, then at the beginning of the restoration of the emperor Wen Di forced the death of all the kings of the royal family under the support of the meritorious officials and hou, and the historical truth of the two kings of the Chu and Yuan dynasties, and then moved to the left of Jia Yi. Chao Misuse, Liu Chang's death and the chaos of the Seven Kingdoms are four major historical events as the object of analysis, in order to show the operation process of "the system of the kings of the meritorious officials and the princes before the chaos of the seven kingdoms" in the realistic politics. Part 5th analyzes the historical process of the collapse of "the system of the kings of the meritorious officials and the princes." The main purpose of this paper is to clarify the system reform of King Emperor in the five years of the Yuan Dynasty and the policy of "Tongshenglianhou" in the period of Wen Jing, which basically deprives the imperial kings of their autonomy of the kingdom and the decision-making leading power of the meritorious princes. It changed the power structure of the dualistic Empire which had been established in the era of the High Emperor. This process showed the last stage of the evolution of the Han Empire from the United Empire to the autocratic Empire. The 6th part is the conclusion, mainly discusses the main reason of the gradual disintegration of "the system of the royal families of the meritorious officials and the princes" gradually disintegrating. This paper tries to explain that the political pursuit of Confucian literati who collected popularity and monarch's desire played a great role in the disintegration of this situation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K234.1

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 劉新然;漢文帝登基與朝廷政局變動[D];華中師范大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：1448703