本文關鍵詞：明代河洮岷地區(qū)交通研究　出處：《陜西師范大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 河洮岷地區(qū) 河州衛(wèi) 岷州衛(wèi) 洮州衛(wèi) 交通

【摘要】：歷史上,河洮岷地區(qū)一直是中原王朝同西北少數(shù)民族長期爭奪之地,戰(zhàn)略地位十分重要。到了明代,這種重要性顯得更為突出。處于漢藏結合部的河洮岷地區(qū)是整個藏區(qū)的縮影,對整個藏區(qū)具有很強的示范效應和影響力,因此成為明朝政府經(jīng)略藏區(qū)的前沿陣地。明朝政府很多經(jīng)營藏區(qū)的方略先在這里試行,然后推廣到整個藏區(qū)。為此,明朝政府在河洮岷地區(qū)建立了東連內地、西通藏區(qū)、北達甘涼、南至四川的交通網(wǎng)絡。有明一代,河洮岷地區(qū)一直是朝廷使者進出藏區(qū)、藏區(qū)朝貢使臣往來、明廷對藏區(qū)用兵、漢藏茶馬貿易的重要通道。這不僅加強了對河洮岷地區(qū)的控制,更重要的是為明廷經(jīng)營藏區(qū)提供了方便,加強了藏區(qū)同內地之間的聯(lián)系。 本文分五部分對河洮岷地區(qū)的交通進行了系統(tǒng)的論述： 緒論部分,主要闡述了本文的選題緣由、研究內容、相關內容的研究現(xiàn)狀、研究目標及研究方法。本文基于明代河洮岷地區(qū)的重要性和特殊性,擬對該地區(qū)交通線路的具體走向、沿途的重要站點、使用狀況、通行條件、通行能力、社會影響等方面進行探討。同時,還對本研究的資料來源做了簡要介紹。 第一章,綜述河洮岷地區(qū)的自然環(huán)境狀況、民族構成及演變和行政區(qū)劃變遷。河洮岷地區(qū)位于青藏高原、黃土高原、隴南山地的過渡地帶,自古以來就是不同地域的民族和部落往來的通道。歷史上,漢、羌、氐、吐谷渾、藏、蒙古、回等民族先后在這里繁衍生息,民族結構十分復雜。當中原王朝進入時,則劃區(qū)而治、郡縣其地；而當少數(shù)民族成為該地域的統(tǒng)治者時,則大部分各自為王,不相連屬。因此,河洮岷地區(qū)的行政區(qū)劃隨著王朝的更替不斷變化。河洮岷地區(qū)特殊的自然環(huán)境、民族構成及行政區(qū)劃變遷造就了它的特殊和重要的戰(zhàn)略地位,并為歷代中原王朝所重視。 第二章,以文獻記載為依據(jù),在實地考察的基礎之上,復原了明代河洮岷地區(qū)的交通網(wǎng)絡。明代,河洮岷地區(qū)成為明廷經(jīng)營藏區(qū)的橋頭堡,較之前代,戰(zhàn)略地位更加重要。因此,明廷十分重視該地區(qū)的交通建設。洪武年間,明廷就在河洮岷境內修建了驛站。永樂至宣德年間,又恢復了從河州進入藏區(qū)的道路。自此,河洮岷地區(qū)四通八達的交通網(wǎng)絡基本形成。 第三章,從使臣往來、貢賜貿易、茶馬貿易、軍事活動等方面分析了明代河洮岷地區(qū)的交通使用狀況。經(jīng)河洮岷地區(qū)的入藏使臣可以分為中央政府官員使者、僧人使節(jié)、河洮岷地方軍官使節(jié)。明代前期,河洮岷地區(qū)是藏區(qū)進京朝貢的必經(jīng)之地,河洮岷當?shù)匾嘤斜姸嗖柯涫最I和僧侶進京朝貢。有明一代,河洮岷地區(qū)-直是漢藏茶馬貿易的重要場所。最后,簡述了河洮岷地區(qū)三次典型軍事活動。 第四章,探討了明代河洮岷地區(qū)的交通建設的意義。主要從兩個方面進行了分析：明代河洮岷地區(qū)的交通建設對本地區(qū)的影響；明代河洮岷的交通建設在明廷經(jīng)營藏區(qū)中的重要作用。
[Abstract]:Historically, hetaomin region has been betweencentral plains and the northwest minority long-term battle, the strategic position is very important. In the Ming Dynasty, the importance became more prominent. In the combination of the Tibetan hetaomin region is the epitome of the whole Tibetan area, has a strong demonstration effect and influence of the whole Tibetan area, therefore the government of the Ming Dynasty the Tibetan frontier. The Ming government strategy in many business here in the first trial, and then extended to the whole area. Therefore, the Ming government set up the East mainland in hetaomin region west of North Tibet, Dagan cool, South to the Sichuan traffic network. In Ming Dynasty, hetaomin area has been the imperial envoy and Tibet, Tibet tribute envoys exchanges, the Ming Dynasty of Tibetan military forces, an important channel of Sino Tibetan tea horse trade. This is not only to strengthen the control of hetaomin region, it is more important for the Ming Dynasty business The Tibetan area provides convenience and strengthens the link between the Tibetan and the mainland.
This paper is divided into five parts of the traffic in hetaomin region were systematically discussed:
The introduction part, mainly expounds the research background, the research content of this paper, the related research contents, research objectives and research methods. In this paper, the importance of Taomin area in Ming Dynasty River and particularity based on the quasi specific direction of the transport routes in the region, an important site, along the road condition, traffic conditions, traffic capacity, aspect social influence is discussed. At the same time, the data sources for this study are briefly introduced.
The first chapter, the natural environment situation in hetaomin region, ethnic composition and evolution and changes of administrative divisions. Hetaomin region is located in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the Loess Plateau, the transition zone of Longnan mountain, since ancient times is different ethnic and tribal relations. The history channel, Han, Qiang, Di, Tuguhun, Tibet Mongolia, Hui nationality has evolved here, ethnic structure is very complex. When entering Central Plains, while zoning and rule, the counties; and when minorities become the ruler of this region, most of their king, are not connected. Therefore, the administrative division in hetaomin region with Dynasty change constantly changes. The special natural environment in hetaomin region, ethnic composition and changes of administrative divisions it created a special and important strategic position, and is valued by the central dynasties.
The second chapter, taking literature as the basis, on the basis of on-the-spot investigation, restoration of the Ming Dynasty in hetaomin region traffic network. In Ming Dynasty, hetaomin region Ming Dynasty business in the bridgehead, compared with the previous generation, a more important strategic position. Therefore, the Ming government attaches great importance to the region's transportation construction flood. Wu, Ming Dynasty on the territory of hetaomin built inn. Yongle to Xuande, resumed in Tibet Road from the river. Since then, extensive transportation network in hetaomin region is basically formed.
The third chapter, from the envoy, tribute trade, tea horse trade, military activities and other aspects of the use of traffic in hetaomin region in Ming Dynasty. The hetaomin region Tibet envoy can be divided into central government officials, ambassadors, monks envoys, hetaomin local officer envoy. In the early Ming Dynasty, the river Taomin area in Beijing is a tributary of the necessary land, hetaomin there are many local tribal leaders and monks in Beijing. The tribute in Ming Dynasty, hetaomin region direct is an important place for Tibetan tea horse trade. Finally, the hetaomin region of three typical military activities.
The fourth chapter discusses the transportation construction in hetaomin region significance. Mainly from two aspects: the Ming Dynasty in hetaomin region traffic construction impact on the region; the Ming Dynasty hetaomin transportation construction management plays an important role in Tibetan areas in the Ming.

【學位授予單位】：陜西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K248;F512.9

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