本文選題：四社五村 + 民俗��； 參考：《山西師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：山西省洪洞、霍州邊界處的四社五村是由五個村莊為了解決當?shù)赜盟щy,克服水資源短缺共同組成的民間社區(qū)組織。四社五村在解決水資源的短缺問題上,有豐富的水利技術實踐與文化傳統(tǒng)。四社五村水利民俗文化主要包括了社區(qū)組織民俗、清明節(jié)祭祀儀式、龍君信仰及民間傳說和民間口頭文學,這些民俗文化參與了區(qū)域水利共同體的構建,在當?shù)厮鐣男纬蛇^程中發(fā)揮了重要作用。通過對四社五村地理環(huán)境的梳理發(fā)現(xiàn),四社五村嚴重缺水、水資源分配季節(jié)性不均與當?shù)厮芾碇g有著密切關聯(lián),民間組織“社”逐漸成為地方水利民俗的權威。在四社五村的民俗活動中,小祭的參與者多為四社五村的核心人員,他們通過對水利工程檢查、水利賬目的把握,把小祭打造為了水利管理的制度平臺;大祭著重于民俗活動的儀式化展示和呈現(xiàn),通過對民間信仰的融合進一步整合了四社五村的社會關系,通過儀式過程中的神圣授權鞏固了四社五村組織在地方水管理活動中的合法性;民間傳說參與解釋四社五村中的村社關系、官方與民間關系為代表的社會關系,從精神層面構建了以水利為中心的精神世界。四社五村民俗文化對水利共同體的構建發(fā)揮了重要作用,以水冊和水利碑刻為代表的水利文獻奠定了水利社會形成的基礎,在技術活動與文化活動的雙重作用下,四社五村的水利秩序得以協(xié)調(diào)和運轉(zhuǎn)。四社五村的水利秩序強調(diào)自我管理,具有非常鮮明的民間性色彩,這種民間性與官方權利的互動和協(xié)調(diào)中得以放大。二十一世紀以來,四社五村民俗隨著社會的發(fā)展處在不斷地豐富和變化之中,在傳承過程中面臨著文化傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)實生活的矛盾,更面臨著一些來自內(nèi)外部的對四社五村秩序的挑戰(zhàn)。在學術界的關注和非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護的時代背景下,四社五村民俗文化的傳承呈現(xiàn)出保護主體多樣性、保護手段科學化等特點.在傳承和保護過程中,不僅保護和傳承四社五村的歷史文化事項,更關注到產(chǎn)生四社五村的文化土壤,是非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)的整體性原則的具體實踐。
[Abstract]:The four villages and five villages in Hongdong of Shanxi province and Huozhou border are the folk community organizations which are composed of five villages in order to solve the local water difficulties and overcome the shortage of water resources. The four society and five villages have rich water conservancy technical practice and cultural tradition in solving the shortage of water resources. The four society five village water conservancy folk culture mainly includes the community group. The folk custom, the ceremonial ceremony of the Qing Ming Festival, the belief of long Jun and the folklore and folk oral literature, these folk cultures participated in the construction of the regional water conservancy community and played an important role in the formation of the local water conservancy society. By combing the geographical environment of the four villages and the five villages, the four society and the five villages were seriously short of water and the water resources were distributed seasonally. There is a close relationship between the uneven and local water conservancy management, the folk organization "society" has gradually become the authority of local water conservancy folk custom. In the folklore activities of the five villages in the four society, the participants of the small sacrifice are mostly the core personnel of the five villages of four societies, and they have made the small sacrifice to the system of water conservancy management through the inspection of water conservancy projects and the grasp of the water conservancy accounts. The great sacrifice focuses on the ritualistic display and presentation of the folk activities. Through the integration of the folk beliefs, the social relations of the four villages and the five villages are further integrated, and the legitimacy of the five village organizations in the local water management activities is consolidated through the sacred authorization in the ritual process; the folklore participates in the interpretation of the village community relations in the villages of the four society and the five villages, officials. The social relations, represented by the relationship between the folk and the folk, constructed the spiritual world centered on water conservancy from the spiritual level. The five village folk culture of four societies played an important role in the construction of the water conservancy community. The water books and water conservancy inscriptions represented by the water books and the water conservancy inscriptions have laid the foundation for the formation of water conservancy society, and both the technical activities and the cultural activities are double. Under the action, the water conservancy order of the four villages and the five villages can be coordinated and operated. The water conservancy order of the five villages of four society emphasizes self-management, and has a very distinct folk color. The interaction and coordination of the folk nature and the official rights is magnified. Since twenty-first Century, the folk custom of the four society and five villages is constantly enriched and changed with the development of the society. In the process of inheritance, it is faced with the contradiction between cultural tradition and real life, and faces some challenges from internal and external to the order of the five villages of the four society. Under the background of the attention of the academia and the protection of the intangible cultural heritage, the inheritance of the four society and the five village folklore shows the diversity of the protection subject and the scientific protection of the means of protection. In the process of inheritance and protection, we not only protect and inherit the historical and cultural matters of the five villages of the four society, but also pay more attention to the cultural soil of the four villages and five villages, which are the concrete practice of the holistic principle of the intangible cultural heritage.
【學位授予單位】：山西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K892.4

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