本文選題：山東問題 + 青島回歸�。� 參考：《青島大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：1914年8月,日本借口對德宣戰(zhàn),出兵山東造成了“山東問題”。一戰(zhàn)后的巴黎和會不僅未能解決這一問題,反而讓日本繼承了德國在山東權(quán)益。這激起了中國人民的強(qiáng)烈反對,中國代表拒簽和約,于是山東問題成為懸案。1922年4月的華盛頓會議上,中日雙方簽署了《解決山東問題懸案條約》及《附約》,使多年懸而未決的“山東問題”得到了初步解決。華盛頓會議上簽訂的《解決山東問題懸案條約》及《附約》使日本霸占青島和山東的美夢破滅。但是,日本并未善罷甘休,在魯案善后交涉談判中不擇手段,使談判波折橫生,攫取了不少條約中未有的權(quán)益。中國不僅要承擔(dān)原本條約規(guī)定中不需支付的贖金,而且日本通過對部分職位安插日本人的方式仍掌握了一點(diǎn)的權(quán)力。而條約中將膠州開放為商埠的規(guī)定,使山東成為了各國可以共同侵略的對象。此外,由于中國依賴美、英的幫助,沒能消除治外法權(quán)、取消勢力范圍等外國在華特權(quán),反而因?yàn)椤伴T戶開放”的原則,變?yōu)閹讉�(gè)帝國主義國家共同支配的局面。日本雖然在形式上將青島交還給了中國,但是日本在青島仍保留著大量的經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治特權(quán),不時(shí)挑起事端,使山東地區(qū)的中日糾紛不斷。日本繼續(xù)在山東瘋狂地進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)滲透,傾銷廉價(jià)商品,不斷擴(kuò)張日本在山東的經(jīng)濟(jì)勢力,操縱和壟斷了諸多行業(yè),嚴(yán)重打擊了山東民族工業(yè)的發(fā)展。收回青島主權(quán)后,日本依然對青島局勢有著影響,涉及到政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,對青島回歸遺留問題的探討和研究,有助于更加深入、更加全面的認(rèn)識日本的控制對青島的影響。
[Abstract]:In August 1914, under the pretext of declaring war on Germany, Japan sent troops to Shandong to cause the "Shandong problem." The Paris Peace Conference after World War I not only failed to solve the problem, but also allowed Japan to inherit German rights and interests in Shandong. This aroused strong opposition from the Chinese people, and the Chinese representatives refused to sign the peace treaty, so the Shandong issue became a pending case. At the Washington Conference in April 1922, China and Japan signed the Treaty on the settlement of the outstanding case in Shandong Province and the Treaty attached to it, which has made the "Shandong issue", which has been pending for many years, preliminarily resolved. The Treaty on the settlement of the question of Shandong and the Treaty signed at the Washington Conference dashed the dream of Japanese occupation of Qingdao and Shandong. However, Japan did not give up, and by any means in the negotiation of the settlement of the Lu case, the negotiations were full of twists and turns, and Japan seized the rights and interests that had not been found in many treaties. Not only does China have to pay ransoms that are not required under the original treaty, but Japan still has a little power by placing some jobs in Japan. The treaty opened Jiaozhou as a commercial port, making Shandong the object of common aggression. In addition, because China depends on the help of the United States and Britain, it has not been able to eliminate extraterritorial jurisdiction and cancel the privileges of foreign countries in China, such as the sphere of influence. On the contrary, the principle of "opening up to the outside world" has become a situation in which several imperialist countries jointly dominate. Although Japan formally handed Qingdao back to China, Japan still retains a large number of economic and political privileges in Qingdao, provoking trouble from time to time, making Sino-Japanese disputes in Shandong region constant. Japan continues to carry on frantic economic infiltration in Shandong, dumping cheap commodities, expanding Japan's economic power in Shandong, manipulating and monopolizing many industries, and seriously hampering the development of Shandong national industry. After recovering the sovereignty of Qingdao, Japan still has an impact on the situation in Qingdao, involving political, economic, social and other fields. The discussion and study of the remaining issues left over by the return of Qingdao will help to deepen the situation. A more comprehensive understanding of the impact of Japanese control on Qingdao.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：K29

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