本文選題：屯墾戍邊 + 巴里坤��； 參考：《石河子大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：新疆哈密地區(qū)巴里坤哈薩克自治縣是歷代中央王朝經(jīng)略西域的重鎮(zhèn)要塞,是絲綢之路新北道的第一門戶。巴里坤由于戰(zhàn)略位置重要,成為最早的屯田之地。早在先秦時(shí)期,這里就有了內(nèi)地華夏的足跡。秦漢時(shí),這里是中原通往西域的窗口、路徑。唐代時(shí),中原王朝派駐軍隊(duì)在這里屯田戍衛(wèi)邊防。清朝初期,為平定準(zhǔn)噶爾叛亂,康熙皇帝派遣軍隊(duì)進(jìn)駐巴里坤一帶,使其成為連接西域和中原的重要紐帶;乾隆時(shí)期,屯墾戍邊成為經(jīng)略西域的國(guó)家政策,由政府組織內(nèi)地漢族遷入新疆各地履行屯墾戍邊的歷史使命。在千百年的駐邊屯田、生產(chǎn)生活中,形成了區(qū)別于內(nèi)地漢民族的漢文化,是屯戍新疆漢文化的縮影,亦是屯戍新疆多民族文化交融的示范。本研究基于屯墾戍邊視角,采用歷史人類學(xué)的研究方法,將歷史文獻(xiàn)研究與實(shí)地調(diào)研結(jié)合起來,“自上而下”、“自下而上”展現(xiàn)巴里坤漢文化風(fēng)貌。通過歷史文獻(xiàn)記載和當(dāng)?shù)貪h人傳承民俗生活事象,探索屯墾巴里坤漢文化的歷史,分析和研究當(dāng)?shù)貪h族的生產(chǎn)、生活狀況及其顯著特征和價(jià)值影響。全文為六部分組成。第一部分緒論,介紹選題背景、研究意義及研究思路與方法,并在閱讀大量文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上撰寫了研究綜述。第二部分即第一章歷代屯墾巴里坤漢文化概述,從地理環(huán)境、自然條件方面闡述巴里坤漢文化生存、發(fā)展的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ);運(yùn)用相關(guān)史料闡述巴里坤漢族來源和漢族屯墾社會(huì)的發(fā)展歷史。第三部分即第二章巴里坤漢族屯墾社會(huì)文化,分別從物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)生活文化、社會(huì)生活文化和精神生活文化方面展現(xiàn)巴里坤漢族軍民的農(nóng)牧業(yè)生產(chǎn)、食衣住行等生活方式,人生儀禮與節(jié)日民俗以及民間文學(xué)和精神信仰,較全方位地深描巴里坤屯墾漢文化。第四部分即第三章巴里坤漢文化的顯著特征,從傳承性、屯墾性、多元交融性和穩(wěn)定性與變異性等方面論述了屯戍巴里坤漢文化的顯著特征。第五部分即第四章巴里坤漢文化的當(dāng)代啟示,闡述巴里坤漢文化對(duì)新疆多元文化交融、兵地文化和諧交融,以及對(duì)“一帶一路”帶來的當(dāng)代啟示,進(jìn)而突出巴里坤漢文化是多種文化碰撞的產(chǎn)物,在屯墾新疆的民族文化中具有示范作用,并對(duì)新疆的長(zhǎng)治久安有重要的實(shí)際意義。第六部分結(jié)語(yǔ),指出歷史上屯戍新疆巴里坤形成的漢文化是屯墾文化的典型代表,傳承、發(fā)展于歷代王朝對(duì)新疆屯戍政策的部署與實(shí)施,直至新中國(guó)新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團(tuán)屯墾戍邊事業(yè)的繼往開來,是集古屯墾文化、中原文化、軍旅文化、紅色文化、少數(shù)民族文化于一體的先進(jìn)文化的重要組成部分,對(duì)今天治理新疆、和諧民族關(guān)系構(gòu)建和“一帶一路”核心區(qū)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略具有重要的借鑒價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Balikun Kazak Autonomous County in Hami area of Xinjiang is the main fortress of the central dynasties in the western region and the first gateway of the New North Road of the Silk Road. Balikun because of the strategic position is important, become the earliest land of open fields. As early as the pre-Qin period, here has the inland Chinese footprint. Qin and Han dynasties, here is the Central Plains to the Western region window, path. Tang Dynasty, the Central Plains stationed troops here garrison frontier defense. In the early Qing Dynasty, in order to calm the Junggar rebellion, Emperor Kangxi sent troops into the Balikun area, making it an important link between the Western region and the Central Plains. During the Qianlong period, reclaiming and garrisoning the frontier became the national policy of the Western region. The government organized the Han nationality to move to Xinjiang to carry out the historical mission of reclaiming and guarding the border. In the production and life of thousands of years of stationed in the border, the Han culture, which is different from the Han nationality in the mainland, is the epitome of the Han culture of garrisoning Xinjiang, and it is also the demonstration of the blending of multi-national culture in Xinjiang. Based on the perspective of land reclamation and frontier defense, this study combines historical literature research with field investigation by using the method of historical anthropology, "top-down" and "bottom-up" to show the Han style of Barikun. By means of historical documents and local Han people, this paper explores the history of Barikun Han culture, analyzes and studies the production and living conditions of the local Han nationality and their remarkable characteristics and value effects. The full text is composed of six parts. The first part introduces the background of the topic, the significance of the research, the research ideas and methods, and based on reading a large number of literature to write a review of the research. The second part is the first chapter of the history of the cultivation of Barkun Han culture overview, from the geographical environment, natural conditions to explain the survival and development of the Balikun Han culture material basis; Using relevant historical data to expound the origin of the Han nationality in Balikun and the development history of the reclaimed society of the Han nationality. The third part is the second chapter, the social culture of the Balikun Han nationality, respectively, from the aspects of material production and life culture, social life culture and spiritual life culture, showing the production of military and animal husbandry, food, clothing, housing, and other life styles of the Balikun Han nationality. Life ceremony, festival folklore, folk literature and spiritual belief, more comprehensive description of Balikun Han culture. The fourth part, the third chapter, discusses the remarkable characteristics of the Chinese culture of Tun Balikun from the aspects of inheritance, reclamation, plural blending, stability and variability. The fifth part is the fourth chapter, the contemporary enlightenment of the Chinese culture of Balikun, expounding the blending of the Chinese culture in Xinjiang, the harmony of the culture of the army and the land, and the contemporary enlightenment to Belt and Road. Then it highlights that the Balikun Han culture is the product of the collision of many cultures, which plays an exemplary role in the national culture of Xinjiang, and has important practical significance for the long-term stability and stability of Xinjiang. The sixth part points out that the Han culture formed in the history of garrisoning Xinjiang Barikun is a typical representative of the cultivation culture. It is inherited and developed from the deployment and implementation of the Xinjiang garrison policy in the past dynasties. Until the cause of the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps of New China to open up and defend the frontier, it is an important part of the advanced culture that integrates ancient culture, Central Plains culture, military culture, red culture, and minority culture. It has important reference value for governing Xinjiang today, constructing harmonious national relations and developing strategy of Belt and Road core area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K29

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