本文選題：云南　切入點(diǎn)：興蒙鄉(xiāng)　出處：《云南師范大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 云南蒙古族是從元初開(kāi)始進(jìn)入云南地區(qū)的。元憲宗三年(公元1253年)忽必烈率蒙古大軍兵分三路征大理,于同年底攻下大理城,結(jié)束了大理國(guó)的統(tǒng)治。這是歷史上蒙古族首次大量進(jìn)入云南地區(qū)。隨著蒙古族在云南統(tǒng)治地位的確立。越來(lái)越多的蒙古人以各種方式來(lái)到云南,在這塊美麗富饒的土地上生活。明洪武十三年(公元1381年)朱元璋下令征云南,30余萬(wàn)明軍南下,當(dāng)時(shí)駐云南的梁王把匝刺瓦爾密無(wú)力抵抗,跳滇池自殺,元朝在云南的統(tǒng)治結(jié)束。蒙古族由原先的統(tǒng)治民族變?yōu)楸唤y(tǒng)治民族,而且他們也無(wú)法再回到蒙古大草原而留在云南,他們的生產(chǎn)方式和生活方式都發(fā)生了很大的變化,開(kāi)始與其他的民族交往、通婚等,天長(zhǎng)日久,一部分蒙古族逐漸融合于當(dāng)?shù)氐臐h族和其他民族之中。但令人驚訝的是,一部分蒙古族人雖然與其他民族交往,生活、生產(chǎn)方式也發(fā)生了變化,但是在700多年的歷史中他們始終沒(méi)有忘記自己來(lái)自北方大草原,始終還保留有蒙古族的一些文化特征。這尤以云南省玉溪市通�？h興蒙鄉(xiāng)的蒙古族最為典型。 云南省通�？h興蒙蒙古族鄉(xiāng)位于杞麓湖畔,是云南省內(nèi)保留蒙古族特點(diǎn)較多的地區(qū)。據(jù)1999年統(tǒng)計(jì),全鄉(xiāng)共有1737戶,5501人,其中蒙古族5373人,占總?cè)丝诘?8%。興蒙鄉(xiāng)的蒙古族自稱(chēng)為“蒙古瓦”、“蒙古勒”、“剛卓”,當(dāng)?shù)仄渌褡宸Q(chēng)其為蒙古族。經(jīng)專(zhuān)家考證云南蒙古族和北方蒙古族族源是相同的,盡管他們已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了云南當(dāng)?shù)氐纳罘绞?但在文化上還保留了很多蒙古族特色。 本文主要從以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行論述：首先介紹興蒙鄉(xiāng)的自然狀況以及興蒙鄉(xiāng)蒙古族的基本狀況。再次,通過(guò)對(duì)蒙古族現(xiàn)在飲食、服飾、節(jié)日、居住、婚葬儀式等最能體現(xiàn)民族特色的文化的描述,力圖揭示云南蒙古族文化變遷的特點(diǎn)和規(guī)律,并就民族文化保護(hù)和民族文化交流現(xiàn)象提出自己的看法。總之筆者認(rèn)為通過(guò)對(duì)興蒙鄉(xiāng)蒙古族這一特殊群體的研究對(duì)于我們弘揚(yáng)中華民族的優(yōu)秀文化傳統(tǒng),更好的理解我國(guó)的民族政策,促進(jìn)民族團(tuán)結(jié)有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,對(duì)于如何開(kāi)發(fā)和利用民族文化旅游資源也有一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Yunnan Mongols entered the Yunnan region from the early Yuan Dynasty. In 1253, Hu Bilie led the Mongolian army in three ways to defend Dali, and attacked Dali City at the end of the same year. This is the first time in history that the Mongols have entered Yunnan in large numbers. With the establishment of the dominant position of the Mongols in Yunnan, more and more Mongolians have come to Yunnan in various ways. Living on this beautiful and rich land, in 1381, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the army of more than 300,000 Ming Dynasty troops from Yunnan to go south, when Wang Liang, who was stationed in Yunnan, was unable to resist the attack and jumped into Dianchi Lake to kill himself. The Yuan Dynasty's rule in Yunnan ended. The Mongols changed from the former ruling nation to the ruled nationality, and they were unable to return to the Mongolian prairie and stayed in Yunnan. Their mode of production and way of life had undergone great changes. Began to associate with other ethnic groups, intermarry and so on, for a long time, part of the Mongolian gradually integrated into the local Han and other ethnic groups. The mode of production has also changed, but in more than 700 years of history they have never forgotten that they came from the northern prairie. There are still some Mongolian cultural characteristics, which is the most typical of the Mongolian nationality in Xingmeng Township, Tonghai County, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province. Xingmeng Mongolian Township in Tonghai County, Yunnan Province, is located on the banks of Qilu Lake. It is a region with more Mongolian characteristics in Yunnan Province. According to statistics in 1999, there are 5, 7501 people in the township, of whom 5, 373 are Mongols. The Mongols in Xingmeng Township call themselves "Mongolian tiles", "Mongolians", "Gangzhuo", and other local nationalities call them Mongols. Experts have verified that the origin of Yunnan Mongols and northern Mongolians is the same. Although they have adapted to the local way of life in Yunnan, they still retain a lot of Mongolian characteristics in culture. This paper mainly discusses the following aspects: firstly, it introduces the natural situation of Xingmeng Township and the basic situation of the Mongolian nationality in Xingmeng Township. Thirdly, through the present diet, dress, festival and residence of the Mongolian nationality, The description of the culture which can best reflect the national characteristics, such as the wedding and burial ceremony, tries to reveal the characteristics and laws of the cultural changes of the Mongols in Yunnan. In a word, the author thinks that through the study of the Mongolian nationality in Xingmeng, we can carry forward the excellent cultural tradition of the Chinese nation. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to better understand our national policy and promote national unity. It is also useful for us to develop and utilize the tourism resources of national culture.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K28

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