1929-1941年天津英租界市政管理研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-10 01:46
【摘要】：近代中國,飽經(jīng)憂患,歷盡屈辱,租界就是資本主義列強侵華的產(chǎn)物,對中國近代的政治、經(jīng)濟和社會都產(chǎn)生了很重要的影響。歷史與現(xiàn)實有緊密的聯(lián)系,歷史事件對現(xiàn)今的影響是不能忽視的�，F(xiàn)在我國正在進行社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè),是不能忘記歷史的。天津租界的存在幾乎伴隨了近代天津城市成長的全部,因此我們?nèi)粝胙芯炕蛘吡私饨旖虻臍v史,天津租界是一個不能回避的問題。 研究天津租界是有現(xiàn)實意義的,現(xiàn)階段我國正在進行改革開放,天津租界的研究可以使我們以更廣的眼光看待今天的改革、開放,提供些必要的有益的歷史借鑒。同時天津租界的研究有其學術(shù)意義,天津租界的研究有待深入,這方面的研究相對薄弱,這一不足限制了租界研究的視野,因而本文通過分析天津英租界市政管理的官方和非官方機構(gòu),在清晰了這段歷史的同時,還可以使我們準確地把握天津英租界市政管理的體制,進而了解官方和非官方機構(gòu)在市政管理中的作用及相互關(guān)系。 1860年12月17日,清政府正式批準設(shè)立天津英租界。1919年英租界合并實行統(tǒng)一的市政管理,制定了統(tǒng)一的市政管理章程——駐津英國工部局1918年章程。1928年4月11日召開了天津英租界第十次選舉人常年大會,在會上董事長提議修改駐津英國工部局1918年章程,經(jīng)表決通過,1929年開始實行。修改后的章程可稱為駐津英國工部局1928年修正章程,該章程確立了新的英租界管理模式,此后基本上英租界是依據(jù)該章程確立的模式進行市政管理的,一直到1941年太平洋戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)后日本接管英租界。因此本文考察的時間范圍是1929—1941年。 本文從整體上分為四章。第一章主要考察了天津英租界市政管理機構(gòu)的形成,從英租界的形成和市政管理機構(gòu)的形成兩個方面進行論述。第二章主要分析了天津英租界的立法機構(gòu)和行政機構(gòu),立法機構(gòu)也就是英租界的權(quán)力機構(gòu),是選舉人大會,有兩種形式即選舉人常年大會和選舉人特別大會,行政機構(gòu)主要分析了董事會和工部局。第三章主要圍繞天津英租界市政管理中的非官方組織展開論述,從兩個方面來分析,一是中國納稅人公會,一是保管團,兩者積極參與租界市政管理,一定程度上維護了租界居民的權(quán)益,使英租界的市政制度具有民主色彩。第四章分析了天津英租界各機構(gòu)在市政管理中的作用及相互關(guān)系。官方機構(gòu)和非政府機構(gòu)之間存在著協(xié)商合作關(guān)系,也有沖突和摩擦。在結(jié)語部分,從總體上進行了一下梳理,一方面英租界的市政管理體制體現(xiàn)了分權(quán),具有自治性和民主性,在實際運作中也發(fā)揮了積極作用,另一方面英租界的民主制度設(shè)計也有需要完善的地方,自治和民主的程度是有限的。
[Abstract]:In modern China, suffering and humiliating, concession is the product of capitalist powers invading China, which has a very important influence on the politics, economy and society of modern China. There is a close relationship between history and reality, and the influence of historical events on the present can not be ignored. At present, our country is carrying on the socialist modernization drive, must not forget the history. The existence of Tianjin concession is almost accompanied by the growth of modern Tianjin city, so if we want to study or understand the history of modern Tianjin, Tianjin concession is an unavoidable problem. It is of practical significance to study Tianjin concession. At present, China is carrying out reform and opening up. The study of Tianjin concession can make us look at today's reform and opening up from a broader perspective, and provide some necessary and useful historical reference. At the same time, the study of Tianjin concession has its academic significance, the research of Tianjin concession needs to be deepened, and the research in this area is relatively weak, which limits the field of vision of concession research. Therefore, by analyzing the official and unofficial organizations of Tianjin British concession municipal management, this paper not only clarifies this period of history, but also enables us to accurately grasp the system of Tianjin British concession municipal management. Then understand the role and relationship between official and unofficial organizations in municipal management. On December 17, 1860, the Qing government formally approved the establishment of the Tianjin British concession. In 1919, the British concession was merged to implement unified municipal management. On April 11, 1928, the 10th Annual General meeting of electors in the British concession of Tianjin was held, at which the chairman of the chairman proposed to amend the 1918 statute of the British Ministry of Industry in Tianjin. It was approved by a vote and came into effect in 1929. The revised charter can be called the amended charter of the British Ministry of Industry in Tianjin in 1928, which established a new British concession management model, and since then basically the British concession has been managed in accordance with the model established by the charter. It was not until the outbreak of the Pacific War in 1941 that Japan took over the British concession. Therefore, the time range of this paper is 1929-1941. This paper is divided into four chapters as a whole. The first chapter mainly investigates the formation of Tianjin British concession municipal management organization, from two aspects: the formation of British concession and the formation of municipal management organization. The second chapter mainly analyzes the legislative and executive organs of the British concession in Tianjin. The legislature, that is, the authority of the British concession, is the General Assembly of the electors, which has two forms, namely, the General Assembly of the electors and the Special Assembly of the electors. The administrative body mainly analyzes the board of directors and the bureau of the Ministry of Industry. The third chapter mainly focuses on the unofficial organizations in the municipal management of the British concession in Tianjin, and analyzes them from two aspects: one is the Chinese taxpayer association, the other is the depositary group, which actively participates in the municipal management of the concession. To a certain extent, it protects the rights and interests of the tenants and makes the municipal system of the British concession democratic. The fourth chapter analyzes the role and relationship of Tianjin British concession institutions in municipal management. There is a relationship of consultation and cooperation between official and non-governmental agencies, as well as conflicts and frictions. In the conclusion part, it combs on the whole. On the one hand, the municipal management system of the British concession embodies the decentralization, autonomy and democracy, and also plays an active role in the actual operation. On the other hand, the democratic system design of British concession also needs to be improved, and the degree of autonomy and democracy is limited.
【學位授予單位】：天津師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D693.6;K26
本文編號：2473255
[Abstract]:In modern China, suffering and humiliating, concession is the product of capitalist powers invading China, which has a very important influence on the politics, economy and society of modern China. There is a close relationship between history and reality, and the influence of historical events on the present can not be ignored. At present, our country is carrying on the socialist modernization drive, must not forget the history. The existence of Tianjin concession is almost accompanied by the growth of modern Tianjin city, so if we want to study or understand the history of modern Tianjin, Tianjin concession is an unavoidable problem. It is of practical significance to study Tianjin concession. At present, China is carrying out reform and opening up. The study of Tianjin concession can make us look at today's reform and opening up from a broader perspective, and provide some necessary and useful historical reference. At the same time, the study of Tianjin concession has its academic significance, the research of Tianjin concession needs to be deepened, and the research in this area is relatively weak, which limits the field of vision of concession research. Therefore, by analyzing the official and unofficial organizations of Tianjin British concession municipal management, this paper not only clarifies this period of history, but also enables us to accurately grasp the system of Tianjin British concession municipal management. Then understand the role and relationship between official and unofficial organizations in municipal management. On December 17, 1860, the Qing government formally approved the establishment of the Tianjin British concession. In 1919, the British concession was merged to implement unified municipal management. On April 11, 1928, the 10th Annual General meeting of electors in the British concession of Tianjin was held, at which the chairman of the chairman proposed to amend the 1918 statute of the British Ministry of Industry in Tianjin. It was approved by a vote and came into effect in 1929. The revised charter can be called the amended charter of the British Ministry of Industry in Tianjin in 1928, which established a new British concession management model, and since then basically the British concession has been managed in accordance with the model established by the charter. It was not until the outbreak of the Pacific War in 1941 that Japan took over the British concession. Therefore, the time range of this paper is 1929-1941. This paper is divided into four chapters as a whole. The first chapter mainly investigates the formation of Tianjin British concession municipal management organization, from two aspects: the formation of British concession and the formation of municipal management organization. The second chapter mainly analyzes the legislative and executive organs of the British concession in Tianjin. The legislature, that is, the authority of the British concession, is the General Assembly of the electors, which has two forms, namely, the General Assembly of the electors and the Special Assembly of the electors. The administrative body mainly analyzes the board of directors and the bureau of the Ministry of Industry. The third chapter mainly focuses on the unofficial organizations in the municipal management of the British concession in Tianjin, and analyzes them from two aspects: one is the Chinese taxpayer association, the other is the depositary group, which actively participates in the municipal management of the concession. To a certain extent, it protects the rights and interests of the tenants and makes the municipal system of the British concession democratic. The fourth chapter analyzes the role and relationship of Tianjin British concession institutions in municipal management. There is a relationship of consultation and cooperation between official and non-governmental agencies, as well as conflicts and frictions. In the conclusion part, it combs on the whole. On the one hand, the municipal management system of the British concession embodies the decentralization, autonomy and democracy, and also plays an active role in the actual operation. On the other hand, the democratic system design of British concession also needs to be improved, and the degree of autonomy and democracy is limited.
【學位授予單位】：天津師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D693.6;K26
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相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
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