【摘要】：近代中國(guó)人被堅(jiān)船利炮所擊敗,乃意識(shí)到需要師夷長(zhǎng)技以制夷,這樣一條向西方學(xué)習(xí)的思想理路,是后人相對(duì)熟悉的。但歷史并非僅此單調(diào)。由于意識(shí)到中國(guó)有以主待客的優(yōu)勢(shì),最初相信可以揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短擊敗西方,無(wú)需師夷長(zhǎng)技;繼而意識(shí)到西方到來(lái)已使主客易形,反而需要通過(guò)師夷長(zhǎng)技來(lái)挽回"主之勢(shì)轉(zhuǎn)勞"的不利局面。這條思路的發(fā)展雖然也離不開(kāi)西方的沖擊,卻自有中國(guó)人基本的視角,更又將西方的沖擊納入到主客形勢(shì)判斷中,在中國(guó)人相對(duì)熟悉的思路中理解西方到來(lái)導(dǎo)致的客主易形的"數(shù)千年來(lái)未有之變局"。在這種思路中同樣開(kāi)展出了向西方學(xué)習(xí)的可能性。從"揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短"到"師夷長(zhǎng)技",背后其實(shí)關(guān)系到文明競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的路徑選擇問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:The modern Chinese who were defeated by the cannon were aware of the need to master and learn from the West, which is a relatively familiar way for future generations to learn from the West. But history is not alone. Aware that China has the advantage of being host to guests, it was initially believed that it could defeat the West with strong points and avoid weaknesses, without the need to master and master the skills of the West; Then realized that the arrival of the West has changed the shape of the host, but the need to master and master skills to recover the adverse situation of the power of the Lord. Although the development of this train of thought can not be separated from the impact of the West, it has its own basic perspective of the Chinese people, and has also incorporated the impact of the West into the judgment of the situation of the host and the guest. In a relatively familiar way of thinking, the Chinese understand that the arrival of the West has led to a change in the shape of the host, "a situation that has not changed in thousands of years." The possibility of learning from the West has also been developed in this way of thinking. From "strengthening strengths and avoiding weaknesses" to "teacher's skills", it is related to the choice of path of civilization competition.
【作者單位】： 清華大學(xué)歷史系;
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K256.1

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