【摘要】：在中國,素有“無災(zāi)不成年”之說,華中抗日根據(jù)地是近代中國災(zāi)荒最為嚴(yán)重的區(qū)域之一�？箲�(zhàn)爆發(fā)后,面對(duì)人禍天災(zāi),中國共產(chǎn)黨把救濟(jì)災(zāi)民、扶助貧弱作為施政的重要內(nèi)容。華中抗日根據(jù)地各民主政府根據(jù)中共中央精神制定出適合各地實(shí)情的具體行動(dòng)綱領(lǐng),一方面加強(qiáng)救災(zāi)組織工作,初步形成了一套較完善的災(zāi)荒救濟(jì)體制;另一方面,確立以群眾生產(chǎn)自救為主,以政府救濟(jì)為輔的基本政策,在災(zāi)害發(fā)生時(shí)和災(zāi)后,充分調(diào)動(dòng)政府、社會(huì)、個(gè)人諸方面的力量,有序的開展了急賑救災(zāi)、生產(chǎn)救災(zāi)、積極防災(zāi)等各項(xiàng)救濟(jì)工作,救災(zāi)民于水火。 華中抗日根據(jù)地政府開展的各項(xiàng)救濟(jì)工作,有力地救助了廣大災(zāi)民,為廣大災(zāi)民戰(zhàn)勝災(zāi)難提供物質(zhì)救助和政策引導(dǎo)。但鑒于抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的實(shí)際,政府救濟(jì)只能居于輔助地位,形式各異的民間互助共濟(jì)使千千萬萬的黎民布衣得以救濟(jì),彌補(bǔ)了政府救濟(jì)事業(yè)的不足,對(duì)于提高社會(huì)的公共道德、公民意識(shí)和維護(hù)社會(huì)秩序都發(fā)揮了積極作用。 華中抗日根據(jù)地卓有成效的政府救濟(jì)和民間互濟(jì)工作,體現(xiàn)的是民生主義的深刻內(nèi)涵,顯示了強(qiáng)大的社會(huì)功能,基本解決了廣大災(zāi)民群眾的最基本的溫飽問題,改善了人民生活,為生產(chǎn)的恢復(fù)和發(fā)展奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ);在根據(jù)地形成了良好的社會(huì)風(fēng)氣;提高了共產(chǎn)黨、新四軍的威望,增強(qiáng)了廣大人民群眾對(duì)中國共產(chǎn)黨的向心力。華中抗日根據(jù)地的災(zāi)荒救濟(jì)工作,取得的最偉大的成效就是中國共產(chǎn)黨及其方針政策得到了廣大人民的信任與支持,廣大人民群眾因此成為革命斗爭(zhēng)不竭的力量之源。
[Abstract]:In China, the anti-Japanese base area of Central China is one of the most serious areas in modern China. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, in the face of man-made disasters, the Communist Party of China took the relief of the victims and helping the poor as an important part of the administration. In accordance with the spirit of the CPC Central Committee, the democratic governments in the Central China Anti-Japanese Base have formulated specific action programmes suitable for the local situation. On the one hand, they have strengthened the work of disaster relief organizations and initially formed a set of relatively perfect relief systems for famine. On the other hand, the basic policy of giving priority to the masses' self-help through production, supplemented by government relief, was established to fully mobilize the forces of the government, society and individuals at the time of and after the disaster, and to carry out emergency relief and production relief in an orderly manner. Active disaster prevention and other relief work, disaster relief in the water and fire. The relief work carried out by the government of the Central China Anti-Japanese Base area has effectively helped the victims and provided material assistance and policy guidance for the victims to overcome the disaster. However, in view of the reality of the Anti-Japanese War, the government relief can only be in the auxiliary position. The various forms of folk mutual assistance have enabled tens of thousands of Li Min Buyi to be rescued, which has made up for the deficiency of the government relief cause and improved the public morality of the society. Civic awareness and the maintenance of social order have played a positive role. The fruitful work of government relief and folk mutual aid in the Central China Anti-Japanese Base area embodies the profound connotation of popular animism, shows a strong social function, and basically solves the most basic problem of food and clothing for the masses of victims. Improved people's lives and laid a solid foundation for the recovery and development of production; It has formed a good social atmosphere in the base areas, enhanced the prestige of the Communist Party and the New fourth Army, and strengthened the general masses' concentric force towards the Communist Party of China. The greatest effect of the famine relief work in the anti-Japanese base area of Central China is that the Communist Party of China and its principles and policies have gained the trust and support of the broad masses of the people, so the masses of the people have become the source of inexhaustible strength in the revolutionary struggle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：K265

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