1931-1936年河南省土地整理考察
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-24 09:47
【摘要】：1930年10月,河南省政府經(jīng)再次改組后,在中央政府督促、指導(dǎo)下,河南省政府為進(jìn)行土地整理,運(yùn)用近代科學(xué)手段在全省各縣進(jìn)行社會(huì)調(diào)查,獲得了比較詳實(shí)確切的鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì)情況的數(shù)據(jù)資料,在此基礎(chǔ)上,依照《土地法》及《土地整理辦法》之規(guī)定,積極在全省范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行土地整理。 為進(jìn)行全省范圍內(nèi)的土地整理,河南省政府首先健全了土地整理的各級(jí)組織機(jī)構(gòu)。隨后,依據(jù)1930年6月份頒發(fā)的《土地法》中規(guī)定的土地整理程序,民政廳先后制定了河南省土地整理方案、河南省整理土地計(jì)劃大綱及河南省試辦土地清丈實(shí)施計(jì)劃等土地整理具體實(shí)施計(jì)劃。因經(jīng)費(fèi)及土地整理人才的限制,決定先在開封前自治區(qū)中的中、一、七等三區(qū)試辦土地清丈。試辦工作從1933年9月開始,至1934年7月完成土地清丈,緊接著,在試辦區(qū)舉辦土地登記。至抗戰(zhàn)爆發(fā),基本上完成了對(duì)開封市、鄭州市及汜水縣、鄭縣、四鄉(xiāng)等地的土地整理。由于土地清丈費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力,考慮到盡快減輕農(nóng)民負(fù)擔(dān)及增加地方財(cái)政收入的需要,在第二次全國財(cái)政會(huì)議后,把重點(diǎn)從土地清丈轉(zhuǎn)移到土地陳報(bào)上來。河南省土地陳報(bào)工作,在陜縣試辦取得經(jīng)驗(yàn)后,至1941年8月底,共完成陜縣、陳留、太康等38縣土地陳報(bào)工作。經(jīng)土地陳報(bào)后,承糧面積增加,賦稅數(shù)目增加,稅率普遍降低。由于土地陳報(bào)只是一種簡易、迫于形勢而采取的對(duì)策,要徹底解決農(nóng)村土地問題,還必須得實(shí)施土地清丈。根據(jù)國民政府頒布的十年全國地籍圖測量計(jì)劃綱要的規(guī)定,河南省地政籌備處擬具了全省十年完成土地清丈計(jì)劃,計(jì)劃十年內(nèi)分十期完成對(duì)全省的土地整理。 1930年代初的河南省土地整理,取得一定成果,但由于日本的侵華和整個(gè)土地整理方案本身存在一定問題,加上經(jīng)費(fèi)及人才的限制,還有地方政府中黨政府之間的矛盾等因素,使其并沒有達(dá)到預(yù)期的目的。
[Abstract]:In October 1930, after being reorganized, the Henan Provincial Government, under the supervision and guidance of the Central Government, conducted a social investigation in various counties of the province by modern scientific means in order to carry out land consolidation. On the basis of the detailed and accurate data of rural social situation, according to the provisions of the Land Law and the method of Land arrangement, land consolidation is carried out in the whole province. In order to carry out land consolidation throughout the province, the Henan Province government first improved the land consolidation organizations at all levels. Subsequently, in accordance with the land consolidation procedures stipulated in the Land Law issued in June 1930, the Department of Civil Affairs successively formulated a land consolidation plan for Henan Province. Henan Province land consolidation plan outline and Henan Province pilot land cleaning implementation plan and so on land consolidation concrete implementation plan. Due to the limitation of funds and land consolidation personnel, it was decided that the first, seventh and third districts in Kaifeng Autonomous region would have the land cleared on a trial basis. The trial work began in September 1933 and completed in July 1934. Then the land registration was held in the pilot area. To the outbreak of the War of Resistance, basically completed the Kaifeng City, Zhengzhou City and Sishui County, Zheng County, Sixiang and other areas of land consolidation. In view of the need to lighten peasants' burden and increase local fiscal revenue as soon as possible, after the second national financial conference, the emphasis of land clearing was shifted from land clearing to land reporting. By the end of August, 1941, the land report work of 38 counties, such as Shaanxi County, Chen Liu, Taikang and so on, had been completed. After the land report, grain area increased, tax increases, tax rates generally lower. Because the land report is only a simple way to solve the problem of rural land, it is necessary to carry out the land clearing in order to solve the rural land problem. According to the outline of the ten-year national cadastral map survey plan promulgated by the National Government, Henan District Lands preparation Office has drawn up a plan for the completion of the land clearing plan for the whole province in ten years, and the plan is to complete the land consolidation of the province in 10 phases within 10 years. In the early 1930s, land consolidation in Henan Province achieved certain results. However, due to Japan's invasion of China and the entire land consolidation program itself, as well as the limitations of funds and talents, as well as the contradictions between the party and government in local governments, and so on, So that it does not achieve its intended purpose.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K263
本文編號(hào)：2414366
[Abstract]:In October 1930, after being reorganized, the Henan Provincial Government, under the supervision and guidance of the Central Government, conducted a social investigation in various counties of the province by modern scientific means in order to carry out land consolidation. On the basis of the detailed and accurate data of rural social situation, according to the provisions of the Land Law and the method of Land arrangement, land consolidation is carried out in the whole province. In order to carry out land consolidation throughout the province, the Henan Province government first improved the land consolidation organizations at all levels. Subsequently, in accordance with the land consolidation procedures stipulated in the Land Law issued in June 1930, the Department of Civil Affairs successively formulated a land consolidation plan for Henan Province. Henan Province land consolidation plan outline and Henan Province pilot land cleaning implementation plan and so on land consolidation concrete implementation plan. Due to the limitation of funds and land consolidation personnel, it was decided that the first, seventh and third districts in Kaifeng Autonomous region would have the land cleared on a trial basis. The trial work began in September 1933 and completed in July 1934. Then the land registration was held in the pilot area. To the outbreak of the War of Resistance, basically completed the Kaifeng City, Zhengzhou City and Sishui County, Zheng County, Sixiang and other areas of land consolidation. In view of the need to lighten peasants' burden and increase local fiscal revenue as soon as possible, after the second national financial conference, the emphasis of land clearing was shifted from land clearing to land reporting. By the end of August, 1941, the land report work of 38 counties, such as Shaanxi County, Chen Liu, Taikang and so on, had been completed. After the land report, grain area increased, tax increases, tax rates generally lower. Because the land report is only a simple way to solve the problem of rural land, it is necessary to carry out the land clearing in order to solve the rural land problem. According to the outline of the ten-year national cadastral map survey plan promulgated by the National Government, Henan District Lands preparation Office has drawn up a plan for the completion of the land clearing plan for the whole province in ten years, and the plan is to complete the land consolidation of the province in 10 phases within 10 years. In the early 1930s, land consolidation in Henan Province achieved certain results. However, due to Japan's invasion of China and the entire land consolidation program itself, as well as the limitations of funds and talents, as well as the contradictions between the party and government in local governments, and so on, So that it does not achieve its intended purpose.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K263
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 孔翠芳;二十世紀(jì)二三十年代杭縣土地整理評(píng)析[D];華東師范大學(xué);2012年
2 崔光良;1927-1937年安徽農(nóng)村土地整理研究[D];安徽大學(xué);2013年
，本文編號(hào)：2414366
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