改革開放二十年延安地區(qū)植樹造林活動(dòng)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-09 13:42
【摘要】：林業(yè)資源是衡量生態(tài)文明的重要標(biāo)志,植樹造林是培育森林資源的基本環(huán)節(jié),也是生態(tài)綠化的重要舉措。延安地處黃土高原溝壑區(qū),植被稀疏,是陜西省生態(tài)環(huán)境最為脆弱的地區(qū)之一。二十世紀(jì)五六十年代,延安地區(qū)的林業(yè)建設(shè)經(jīng)歷了曲折發(fā)展過程。改革開放后,在國家林業(yè)政策的引領(lǐng)下,延安地區(qū)開始大規(guī)模的植樹造林活動(dòng),經(jīng)過二十多年的努力,延安地區(qū)的林業(yè)建設(shè)取得了很大的成效。本文在整合《延安日?qǐng)?bào)》、《延安地區(qū)林業(yè)志》及延安市檔案館林業(yè)資料的基礎(chǔ)上,主要從以下四個(gè)方面對(duì)改革開放二十年延安地區(qū)的植樹造林活動(dòng)予以論述:首先,概述了建國后至改革開放前延安地區(qū)的植樹造林活動(dòng)。第一階段是1949年至1957年,為延安地區(qū)植樹造林的恢復(fù)時(shí)期;第二階段是從1958年至1976年,這一時(shí)期歷經(jīng)了“大躍進(jìn)”、“文革”,延安地區(qū)的林木資源遭到嚴(yán)重破壞;第三階段是改革開放前后國家林業(yè)政策的恢復(fù)與調(diào)整時(shí)期。其次,全面梳理了改革開放二十多年來延安地區(qū)植樹造林情況。一是育苗工作,大力加強(qiáng)苗圃建設(shè),重點(diǎn)培養(yǎng)骨干苗圃;二是造林活動(dòng),主要由國營造林、集體造林、個(gè)人造林及義務(wù)植樹四部分所組成;三是護(hù)林工作,通過森林防火、法律法規(guī)建設(shè)、病蟲害防治工作,加強(qiáng)對(duì)林木資源的管護(hù)。再次,闡述了改革開放二十多年來延安地區(qū)植樹造林活動(dòng)取得的成效。經(jīng)過二十多年的植樹造林活動(dòng),不僅使得延安地區(qū)的綠化程度逐步提高,生態(tài)環(huán)境得以明顯改善;同時(shí),經(jīng)濟(jì)林木的大量栽種,促進(jìn)了延安地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的提高;也為延安地區(qū)農(nóng)林牧業(yè)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展奠定了良好的基礎(chǔ)。這一時(shí)期延安地區(qū)的群眾積極參與植樹造林活動(dòng),出現(xiàn)了兩次造林高潮,使延安地區(qū)的造林工作由單純注重造林轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樵炝止茏o(hù)并舉。最后,闡釋了改革開放二十年延安地區(qū)的植樹造林活動(dòng)所取得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)啟示。在生態(tài)環(huán)境日益突出的今天,我們不僅要兼顧經(jīng)濟(jì)效益與環(huán)境效益,也要在不斷健全林業(yè)法律法規(guī)的過程中確保林業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)及林業(yè)政策的長(zhǎng)久性。同時(shí),繼續(xù)發(fā)揮延安精神在植樹造林活動(dòng)中的重要作用,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)綠化延安的偉大目標(biāo)。改革開放二十年來延安地區(qū)的植樹造林活動(dòng),不僅改善了當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)環(huán)境,彰顯了延安人的綠化精神,也為今后延安地區(qū)林業(yè)建設(shè)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展、延安創(chuàng)建國家園林城市及環(huán)保型城市提供一定的借鑒作用。
[Abstract]:Forestry resource is an important symbol to measure ecological civilization, afforestation is the basic link of cultivating forest resources, and it is also an important measure of ecological greening. Yan'an is located in the gully region of the Loess Plateau with sparse vegetation and is one of the most fragile ecological environment in Shaanxi Province. In the 1950s and 1960s, the forestry construction in Yan'an area experienced a tortuous development process. After the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the national forestry policy, large-scale afforestation activities began in Yanan area. After more than 20 years of efforts, the forestry construction in Yan'an area has achieved great results. On the basis of integrating "Yan'an Daily", "Forestry Records of Yan'an area" and forestry data of Yan'an City Archives, this paper mainly discusses afforestation activities in Yanan area for 20 years of reform and opening up from the following four aspects: first of all, The afforestation activities in Yanan area from the founding of the people's Republic of China to the reform and opening up were summarized. The first stage was from 1949 to 1957, and the second stage was from 1958 to 1976, which experienced "Great Leap forward" and "Cultural Revolution". The third stage is the period of restoration and adjustment of national forestry policy before and after reform and opening up. Secondly, the comprehensive combing of the reform and opening up more than 20 years of afforestation in Yanan area. First, raising seedlings, vigorously strengthening the construction of nurseries, focusing on cultivating backbone nurseries; second, afforestation activities, mainly composed of four parts: state-owned afforestation, collective afforestation, individual afforestation and voluntary tree planting; Third, forest protection, through forest fire prevention, laws and regulations construction, pest control work, strengthen the management of forest resources. Thirdly, the achievements of afforestation activities in Yan'an area since the reform and opening up over 20 years are expounded. After more than 20 years of afforestation activities, not only the greening degree of Yanan area was gradually improved, the ecological environment was obviously improved, but also a large number of economic trees were planted, which promoted the improvement of economic benefit in Yan'an area. It also laid a good foundation for the coordinated development of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry in Yan'an area. In this period, the people in Yanan area took an active part in afforestation activities, and there appeared two afforestation climaxes, which changed the afforestation work in Yan'an area from simply paying attention to afforestation management and conservation. Finally, the experience and enlightenment of afforestation activities in Yanan area during the past 20 years of reform and opening up are explained. Today, when the ecological environment is increasingly prominent, we should not only give consideration to economic and environmental benefits, but also ensure the longevity of forestry institutions and forestry policies in the process of continuously perfecting forestry laws and regulations. At the same time, the spirit of Yan'an should continue to play an important role in afforestation activities, so as to realize the great goal of greening Yan'an. The afforestation activities in Yanan area during the past 20 years of reform and opening up have not only improved the local ecological environment, highlighted the greening spirit of Yan'an people, but also continued the healthy development of forestry construction in Yan'an region in the future. Yan'an to establish a national garden city and environmental protection city to provide certain reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K27
本文編號(hào)：2405701
[Abstract]:Forestry resource is an important symbol to measure ecological civilization, afforestation is the basic link of cultivating forest resources, and it is also an important measure of ecological greening. Yan'an is located in the gully region of the Loess Plateau with sparse vegetation and is one of the most fragile ecological environment in Shaanxi Province. In the 1950s and 1960s, the forestry construction in Yan'an area experienced a tortuous development process. After the reform and opening up, under the guidance of the national forestry policy, large-scale afforestation activities began in Yanan area. After more than 20 years of efforts, the forestry construction in Yan'an area has achieved great results. On the basis of integrating "Yan'an Daily", "Forestry Records of Yan'an area" and forestry data of Yan'an City Archives, this paper mainly discusses afforestation activities in Yanan area for 20 years of reform and opening up from the following four aspects: first of all, The afforestation activities in Yanan area from the founding of the people's Republic of China to the reform and opening up were summarized. The first stage was from 1949 to 1957, and the second stage was from 1958 to 1976, which experienced "Great Leap forward" and "Cultural Revolution". The third stage is the period of restoration and adjustment of national forestry policy before and after reform and opening up. Secondly, the comprehensive combing of the reform and opening up more than 20 years of afforestation in Yanan area. First, raising seedlings, vigorously strengthening the construction of nurseries, focusing on cultivating backbone nurseries; second, afforestation activities, mainly composed of four parts: state-owned afforestation, collective afforestation, individual afforestation and voluntary tree planting; Third, forest protection, through forest fire prevention, laws and regulations construction, pest control work, strengthen the management of forest resources. Thirdly, the achievements of afforestation activities in Yan'an area since the reform and opening up over 20 years are expounded. After more than 20 years of afforestation activities, not only the greening degree of Yanan area was gradually improved, the ecological environment was obviously improved, but also a large number of economic trees were planted, which promoted the improvement of economic benefit in Yan'an area. It also laid a good foundation for the coordinated development of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry in Yan'an area. In this period, the people in Yanan area took an active part in afforestation activities, and there appeared two afforestation climaxes, which changed the afforestation work in Yan'an area from simply paying attention to afforestation management and conservation. Finally, the experience and enlightenment of afforestation activities in Yanan area during the past 20 years of reform and opening up are explained. Today, when the ecological environment is increasingly prominent, we should not only give consideration to economic and environmental benefits, but also ensure the longevity of forestry institutions and forestry policies in the process of continuously perfecting forestry laws and regulations. At the same time, the spirit of Yan'an should continue to play an important role in afforestation activities, so as to realize the great goal of greening Yan'an. The afforestation activities in Yanan area during the past 20 years of reform and opening up have not only improved the local ecological environment, highlighted the greening spirit of Yan'an people, but also continued the healthy development of forestry construction in Yan'an region in the future. Yan'an to establish a national garden city and environmental protection city to provide certain reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K27
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，本文編號(hào)：2405701
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