【摘要】：自開商埠是由中國(guó)政府主動(dòng)宣布開放的允許中外商賈在此從事商業(yè)貿(mào)易的口岸和市鎮(zhèn)，有固定的范圍，在其內(nèi)不設(shè)租界，其行政權(quán)概歸中國(guó)政府行使。 優(yōu)越的地理環(huán)境、有潛力的交通系統(tǒng)和相對(duì)雄厚的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)、以及地方勢(shì)力強(qiáng)烈的自保意識(shí)是促成近代江蘇自開商埠的主客觀條件。從1890年代末至1920年代中期，江蘇自開商埠的主政者完成了吳淞、海州、下關(guān)、天生港、浦口、徐州、無(wú)錫等七處自開商埠的建置。 通過(guò)分析，我們可以得出，雖然江蘇自開商埠由于所處時(shí)代的限制，發(fā)展中存在種種弊端。但近代江蘇自開商埠依然表現(xiàn)出它們的優(yōu)越性：政治上，主政者始終把握“隱杜覬覦、以保事權(quán)”的宗旨，規(guī)劃出有鮮明自主性的商埠管理制度；經(jīng)濟(jì)上，主政者建置自開商埠取得顯著成效，一定程度上達(dá)到了自開商埠“振興商務(wù)、擴(kuò)充利源”的經(jīng)濟(jì)目的，且江蘇自開商埠具有地域分布獨(dú)特、多樣的開埠類型以及明確的界址等特點(diǎn)。因此，，我們可以說(shuō)，清末民初，主政者自開商埠的行為是順應(yīng)歷史發(fā)展潮流的。
[Abstract]:The opening of a commercial port by the Chinese government is an open port and a town in which Chinese and foreign merchants are allowed to engage in commercial trade. There is no concession in the port and the administrative power of the port is exercised by the Chinese government. The favorable geographical environment, the potential transportation system, the relatively strong economic foundation, and the strong self-protection consciousness of the local forces are the subjective and objective conditions to promote the opening of commercial ports in modern Jiangsu. From the end of the 1890s to the mid-1920s, the rulers of Jiangsu's own commercial ports completed the construction of seven self-opened commercial ports, such as Wusong, Haizhou, Xiaguan, natural port, Pukou, Xuzhou, Wuxi, etc. Through analysis, we can draw a conclusion that, although Jiangsu self-opening commercial port because of the limitations of the times, there are various drawbacks in the development. However, the modern Jiangsu commercial ports still show their advantages: politically, the rulers always grasp the purpose of "hidden and coveted, to protect the right of affairs", and plan the management system of commercial ports with distinct autonomy; In the economy, the rulers have achieved remarkable results in establishing and opening their own commercial ports, to a certain extent, they have achieved the economic purpose of "revitalizing commerce and expanding profit sources", and Jiangsu's self-opened commercial ports have a unique geographical distribution. Various types of port opening and clear boundary location and other characteristics. Therefore, we can say that in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, the rulers' behavior of opening their own commercial ports was in keeping with the trend of historical development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：K251

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