1931-1937年國內(nèi)廢約輿論研究
[Abstract]:After the establishment of the Nanjing National Government, the struggle against unequal treaties continued. At the time of partial achievement in the treaty revision movement, the September 18 incident in 1931 brought the treaty negotiation to a standstill. The public opinion on the abolition of the covenant in China was also silent. There were only a few articles on the abolition of the covenant, and the intellectuals turned their attention to resisting Japan and saving the country. In 1933, Sino-British and Sino-American trade contracts expired successively, and the public opinion on the abolition of the treaty became more and more active. In 1937, The third Plenary session of the Fifth Central Committee of the Kuomintang approved the abolition of consular jurisdiction in China, which received the attention and response of all political parties and organizations throughout the country. In addition, Egypt's efforts to abrogate the ruling power also stimulated a large number of patriots in the country. At home and abroad under the dual factors, the abolition of public opinion again active. During this period, the main body of public opinion on the abolition of the treaty included the elite in the political, legal and business fields, who through their speeches led the domestic people to continue to pay attention to the task of abrogation of unequal treaties, thus establishing a space of public opinion for the abrogation of the treaty in the whole country. To the Nanjing government forms the certain pressure and the supervision effect. The pressure of public opinion is one of the driving forces of the practice of the government's treaty revision, and the attitude of the government also further promotes the upsurge of domestic public opinion on the abolition of the treaty, and the two play a role in promoting the process of abrogation. The main content of the intellectuals' discussion is basically out of the practical need. If the treaty is about to be revised, they will review and reflect on the previous governments of our country, sum up the experience and lessons, and make a comprehensive review of the Chinese, British and American governments. The Sino-Japanese Treaty of Amendment puts forward reasonable suggestions to remind the government what problems should be paid attention to in the revision of the Treaty. In 1934, the Oriental Journal set the 31st Volume No. 12 as the special issue of amending the Treaty, which has become an important position of public opinion. In the future, some scholars put forward a new idea of abrogation from the angle of international law, which was a rational proposition at that time. As consular jurisdiction is one of the most serious privileges in unequal treaties, there were more articles about this privilege at that time. On the basis of strengthening the understanding of the right of judgment, Chinese people put forward four ways of abolishing. Faced with Japan's direct military aggression, intellectuals also analyzed the priority of anti-Japanese and annulment, and discussed the timing of abrogation. In addition, public opinion at that time also explored other more important treaty privileges, such as river navigation rights and partial most-favoured-nation treatment. In 1934 and 1937, the public opinion of abrogation in China set off two small climaxes of abrogation respectively. In general, due to the participation of the social elite, the public opinion on the abolition of the covenant in this period gradually became rational, and no longer blindly put forward a fierce point of view, but combined with the national conditions at that time to explore problems, more like a plan for the government. However, in the period of national distress, the most urgent task is to resist Japan and save the nation, so the development of the public opinion on the abolition of covenant is restricted and can not influence the government's decision like the public opinion in the 1920s.
【學位授予單位】:湖南師范大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:K26
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