【摘要】：大陸與臺(tái)灣于二十世紀(jì)五十年代經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展之初,在社會(huì)政治經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域共同經(jīng)歷了一場(chǎng)大事件——農(nóng)村土地改革運(yùn)動(dòng)。了解這場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)給雙方帶來什么樣的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)后果,是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)史的一項(xiàng)重要內(nèi)容。目前學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)兩岸土改的研究,在內(nèi)容上大多從單方入手,比較類型的研究成果相對(duì)較少,研究方向主要集中于二者問背景、過程、政策、影響的異同,關(guān)于成效的細(xì)致比較鮮有人涉及。本文透過比較分析,重點(diǎn)考察兩岸土改產(chǎn)生的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)成效,探討土改對(duì)兩岸日后發(fā)展產(chǎn)生的不同效應(yīng)。 總體而言,國(guó)共兩黨從自身利益出發(fā)進(jìn)行的土改在經(jīng)濟(jì)效益層面上是成功的。土地改革促使兩岸農(nóng)村地權(quán)重新分配,農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)初步恢復(fù),雖然仍共同面臨農(nóng)地零碎化的問題,但緩解了當(dāng)下如糧食緊缺等燃眉之急；對(duì)發(fā)展工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)而言,十地改革為其提供了資本、原料、市場(chǎng)等必備要素。在社會(huì)成效方面,由于兩岸意識(shí)形態(tài)的差異,對(duì)地主的政策也大相徑庭,因而產(chǎn)生了不同的社會(huì)效應(yīng)。大陸的地主階層消亡,農(nóng)民在國(guó)家政權(quán)的庇護(hù)下,當(dāng)家作主,國(guó)家政權(quán)則通過農(nóng)民的支持獲得了對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì)絕對(duì)的控制力；臺(tái)灣的地主階層則出現(xiàn)兩極分化的趨勢(shì),大地主借由在上改中獲得的巨大經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤(rùn),影響思想政治領(lǐng)域,進(jìn)而在某種程度上影響了臺(tái)灣的政治而貌。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of economic development in the 1950s, the mainland and Taiwan experienced a great event in the field of social politics and economy, the rural land reform movement. Understanding the economic and social consequences of this movement is an important part of modern social and economic history. At present, the academic research on land reform across the Taiwan Strait is mostly carried out from one side to the other, and the comparative research results are relatively few. The research direction is mainly focused on the similarities and differences of the background, the process, the policy, and the influence between the two. Detailed comparisons of results are rarely involved. Through comparative analysis, this paper focuses on the economic and social effects of land reform on both sides of the strait, and probes into the different effects of land reform on the future development of the two sides of the strait. Overall, the two parties from their own interests to carry out land reform in the economic level is successful. Land reform promoted the redistribution of land rights and the initial recovery of agricultural production. Although the land was still faced with the problem of fragmentation, it alleviated the urgent needs such as food shortage. For the development of industrial economy, the ten-place reform provides necessary elements such as capital, raw materials, market and so on. In the aspect of social effect, because of the difference of ideology, the policy to landlords is different, so it has different social effect. The landlords of the mainland died out, the peasants became masters under the protection of the state power, and the state power gained absolute control over the rural society through the support of the peasants. On the other hand, the landlord class in Taiwan showed a trend of polarization, and the big landlords influenced the ideological and political field by the huge economic profits gained in the upper-reform process, and to some extent influenced the appearance of Taiwan's politics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F301;K27

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王全寶;;農(nóng)村集體土地改革腳步漸緊[J];中國(guó)新聞周刊;2011年34期

2 鄭要強(qiáng);;土地改革——農(nóng)民小康夢(mèng)實(shí)現(xiàn)的使者[J];全國(guó)商情(理論研究);2011年10期

3 洪東海;周阿蓉;;中國(guó)古代土地制度的現(xiàn)代啟示[J];商場(chǎng)現(xiàn)代化;2011年18期

4 張艷萍;;我國(guó)農(nóng)村土地管理制度改革探討[J];華章;2011年21期

5 吳軍;龔珉;盧衛(wèi)陽(yáng);;淺析我國(guó)土地管理工作[J];中國(guó)城市經(jīng)濟(jì);2011年06期

6 王正立;;尼泊爾土地管理機(jī)構(gòu)[J];國(guó)土資源情報(bào);2011年06期

7 張妮艷;;抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期鄂西地區(qū)的土地改革[J];商業(yè)文化(下半月);2011年06期

8 劉明霞;劉琳;;地權(quán)風(fēng)去[J];國(guó)土資源;2011年06期

9 張厚安;;中國(guó)農(nóng)村土地制度的三次大變革[J];湖湘三農(nóng)論壇;2009年00期

10 陸文;;新中國(guó)農(nóng)村土地制度的改革歷程[J];黨政干部學(xué)刊;2011年07期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前10條

1 嚴(yán)束;;回憶我親身經(jīng)歷的土地改革——紀(jì)念中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨90華誕[A];紀(jì)念中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨成立90周年理論研討會(huì)論文匯編[C];2011年

2 王景新;麻勇愛;詹靜;;江南村落土地的產(chǎn)權(quán)分化與制度安排——基于諸葛古村落土地契約文書的研究[A];中國(guó)制度變遷的案例研究（土地卷)第八集[C];2011年

3 廖j9宏;;侜pc彶村建，

本文編號(hào)：2332502