國(guó)民政府江西第五次剿共研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-03 13:37
【摘要】：20世紀(jì)30年代初國(guó)共兩黨在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、軍事等方面進(jìn)行著一場(chǎng)生死的搏殺,其中雙方較量的形式主要表現(xiàn)為“圍剿”與反“圍剿”。國(guó)民政府提出“攘外必先安內(nèi)”的政策,對(duì)中共領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的蘇區(qū)發(fā)動(dòng)了大規(guī)模的軍事“圍剿”。江西省曾是國(guó)共武裝沖突的主戰(zhàn)場(chǎng),1930年至1933年國(guó)共在江西進(jìn)行了五次較量,特別是1933年10月,蔣介石督率100萬(wàn)軍隊(duì)對(duì)中共領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的蘇區(qū)發(fā)動(dòng)了第五次“圍剿”,其中直接用于“圍剿”江西的兵力達(dá)50萬(wàn)以上,這是十年內(nèi)戰(zhàn)期間國(guó)共雙方規(guī)模最大的一次決戰(zhàn)。國(guó)民政府江西第五次剿共戰(zhàn)役無(wú)論是從作戰(zhàn)規(guī)模還是持續(xù)時(shí)間來(lái)講都是空前的,最后的結(jié)果是國(guó)民黨軍隊(duì)占領(lǐng)江西蘇區(qū),中央紅軍被迫退出中央蘇區(qū),實(shí)行戰(zhàn)略轉(zhuǎn)移。但國(guó)共雙方都不是勝利者,國(guó)民黨費(fèi)了九牛二虎之力,最終把中共趕出了中央蘇區(qū),但沒(méi)有徹底消滅紅軍。中央紅軍固然在第五次反“圍剿”中損失慘重,被迫長(zhǎng)征,最后卻順利到達(dá)陜北,保存了基干力量。國(guó)共雙方人員在十年內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中大批地傷亡,最終是使中國(guó)的抗戰(zhàn)力量和中華民族的利益受到損失。日本乘此機(jī)會(huì)逐步蠶食華北,中國(guó)的民族危機(jī)不斷加深。 30年代初國(guó)民政府把中共看成是心腹之患,在其制定的許多政策幾乎都與“圍剿”蘇區(qū)和紅軍有關(guān)。國(guó)民政府曾提出“攘外必先安內(nèi)”的政策,連續(xù)發(fā)動(dòng)對(duì)中共和蘇區(qū)的“圍剿”。國(guó)民政府在江西第五次剿共戰(zhàn)役勝利后,把政策的重點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)向做好對(duì)日作戰(zhàn)的準(zhǔn)備。紅軍在江西戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)的失敗,被迫實(shí)行戰(zhàn)略轉(zhuǎn)移,中國(guó)革命的重心由華南一帶轉(zhuǎn)移到西北,這對(duì)中國(guó)革命產(chǎn)生了重大影響�？梢哉f(shuō)30年代國(guó)民政府江西第五次剿共戰(zhàn)役的歷史與中國(guó)近代史上許多重大歷史事件有很大的關(guān)聯(lián),在中國(guó)近現(xiàn)代史和中國(guó)革命史中占有重要的地位。 本文重點(diǎn)研究的問(wèn)題有： 首先對(duì)國(guó)民政府江西第五次剿共戰(zhàn)役前的國(guó)際環(huán)境做了比較詳細(xì)地闡述。從國(guó)際化的視角解讀了當(dāng)時(shí)國(guó)民政府與德國(guó)、英美、日本、蘇聯(lián)等國(guó)的外交關(guān)系,作者認(rèn)為,1933年國(guó)民政府面臨的國(guó)際形勢(shì)總體來(lái)說(shuō)對(duì)于國(guó)內(nèi)的剿共戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)十分有利,使得國(guó)民政府能夠集中力量對(duì)付中共及紅軍。 其次對(duì)國(guó)民政府的剿共方針及其演變作了比較詳細(xì)地考察。國(guó)民政府欲達(dá)到消滅中共的目的,先實(shí)行清黨運(yùn)動(dòng),30年代初又提出“攘外必先安內(nèi)”的方針,集中力量對(duì)中共領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的蘇區(qū)和紅軍進(jìn)行“圍剿”。在江西戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)連續(xù)四次剿共失利后,國(guó)民政府汲取以往的教訓(xùn),開(kāi)始實(shí)行新的“三分軍事、七分政治”軍政方略。 最后,本文從中共、國(guó)民黨和共產(chǎn)國(guó)際三者的角度對(duì)中央蘇區(qū)第五次反“圍剿”的失敗的原因進(jìn)行了重點(diǎn)的探討。作者認(rèn)為,中共在第五次反“圍剿”過(guò)程中犯了一系列的錯(cuò)誤是其失利的根本原因。國(guó)民黨在第五次剿共戰(zhàn)役前做了充分的準(zhǔn)備是其取勝的重要原因,而共產(chǎn)國(guó)際的錯(cuò)誤指導(dǎo)則負(fù)有不可推卸的責(zé)任。
[Abstract]:In the early 1930s, the Communist Party of China fought a life-and-death fight in politics, economy, culture, military and so on. "enand suppression" AND COUNTRIES "enand suppression". The National Government puts forward "The outside must be in the first place." The policy of the Communist Party led the Soviet region to launch a large-scale military "enand suppression". Jiangxi Province was the main battlefield of the Kuomintang armed conflict. In the 1930s and 1933, the Kuomintang conducted five competitions in Jiangxi, especially in October 1933, and Chiang Kai-shek's supervision rate of 1 million troops launched the fifth in the Soviet area under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. "enand suppression" in which it is directly used for "enand suppression" Jiangxi has a military strength of more than 500,000, which is the largest single-time war between the Kuomintang and the Kuomintang during the ten-year civil war. The final result is that the Kuomintang army occupied Jiangxi Soviet region, and the Central Red Army was forced to withdraw from the central Soviet region and carry out the strategic shift. But the Kuomintang and the Kuomintang are not the winners, and the Kuomintang has spent nine rounds of power, and finally sent the Communist Party out of the Central Soviet Area, but did not completely destroy the Red Army. It is true that the Red Army of the Central Committee is at the fifth time "enand suppression" China suffered heavy losses, was forced to the Long March, and finally successfully arrived in northern Shaanxi Province, preserved the basic dry strength. A large number of casualties in the 10-year civil war have resulted in the loss of Chinese anti-Japanese power and the interests of the Chinese nation. Japan takes this opportunity to step down to North China, and China's national crisis has deepened. At the beginning of the 1930 's, the National Government saw the CPC as the cause of the heart and abdomen, and many policies formulated in the Communist Party of China Almost all the same Suppression and Suppression of the Soviet Area and Red The army is concerned. The country's civil affairs The government has put forward "the outside of the city" First of all, the policy will be launched continuously on the Communist Party of China And Su's. "After the victory of the Fifth Revolutionary War of Jiangxi Province, the National Government shifted the focus of the policy to the daily operation The Red Army's defeat in the battlefield of Jiangxi Province has been forced to carry out the strategic shift. The center of gravity of the Chinese revolution is transferred from the south China to the northwest, which has made a heavy contribution to the Chinese revolution It can be said that the history of the fifth Sino-Japanese war in Jiangxi in the 1930' s and the history of many major historical events in the history of China's revolution have great relevance, and it occupies an important position in the modern history of China and the history of Chinese revolution The status of this article. The problem of point research is: First of all, to the international community of the first time of the Communist Party of Jiangxi in Jiangxi Province From the perspective of internationalization, the author holds that the international situation faced by the National Government in 1933 is generally concerned with the international situation faced by the National Government in 1933. The civil war in China is very advantageous, so that the National Government can concentrate on dealing with the Communist Party and the Red Army, and secondly to the Kuomintang government. The policy and its evolution have been studied in detail. The National Government wants to achieve the goal of eliminating the Communist Party. Carry out the Party's movement first, At the beginning of the 1930 's, the policy, set, mid-force pair medium The co-led Soviet region and the Red Army conducted the campaign of" suppression and suppression ". After four consecutive defeats in the battlefields of Jiangxi Province, the national The government has learned the lessons of the past. new A general plan of military affairs in the three-part military and military affairs. In the end, the article comes from the Communist Party of China and its citizens. Party and Communist Party The fifth anniversary of the Central Soviet Area by the angle of the international three Reasons for the defeat of anti-suppression and suppression I've got a focus. According to the author, the Communist Party of China in the fifth counter-campaign A series of mistakes in the course were the root cause of their defeat. The Kuomintang made full preparations before the Fifth Revolutionary War, which was an important reason for its success.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K263.4
本文編號(hào)：2307945
[Abstract]:In the early 1930s, the Communist Party of China fought a life-and-death fight in politics, economy, culture, military and so on. "enand suppression" AND COUNTRIES "enand suppression". The National Government puts forward "The outside must be in the first place." The policy of the Communist Party led the Soviet region to launch a large-scale military "enand suppression". Jiangxi Province was the main battlefield of the Kuomintang armed conflict. In the 1930s and 1933, the Kuomintang conducted five competitions in Jiangxi, especially in October 1933, and Chiang Kai-shek's supervision rate of 1 million troops launched the fifth in the Soviet area under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. "enand suppression" in which it is directly used for "enand suppression" Jiangxi has a military strength of more than 500,000, which is the largest single-time war between the Kuomintang and the Kuomintang during the ten-year civil war. The final result is that the Kuomintang army occupied Jiangxi Soviet region, and the Central Red Army was forced to withdraw from the central Soviet region and carry out the strategic shift. But the Kuomintang and the Kuomintang are not the winners, and the Kuomintang has spent nine rounds of power, and finally sent the Communist Party out of the Central Soviet Area, but did not completely destroy the Red Army. It is true that the Red Army of the Central Committee is at the fifth time "enand suppression" China suffered heavy losses, was forced to the Long March, and finally successfully arrived in northern Shaanxi Province, preserved the basic dry strength. A large number of casualties in the 10-year civil war have resulted in the loss of Chinese anti-Japanese power and the interests of the Chinese nation. Japan takes this opportunity to step down to North China, and China's national crisis has deepened. At the beginning of the 1930 's, the National Government saw the CPC as the cause of the heart and abdomen, and many policies formulated in the Communist Party of China Almost all the same Suppression and Suppression of the Soviet Area and Red The army is concerned. The country's civil affairs The government has put forward "the outside of the city" First of all, the policy will be launched continuously on the Communist Party of China And Su's. "After the victory of the Fifth Revolutionary War of Jiangxi Province, the National Government shifted the focus of the policy to the daily operation The Red Army's defeat in the battlefield of Jiangxi Province has been forced to carry out the strategic shift. The center of gravity of the Chinese revolution is transferred from the south China to the northwest, which has made a heavy contribution to the Chinese revolution It can be said that the history of the fifth Sino-Japanese war in Jiangxi in the 1930' s and the history of many major historical events in the history of China's revolution have great relevance, and it occupies an important position in the modern history of China and the history of Chinese revolution The status of this article. The problem of point research is: First of all, to the international community of the first time of the Communist Party of Jiangxi in Jiangxi Province From the perspective of internationalization, the author holds that the international situation faced by the National Government in 1933 is generally concerned with the international situation faced by the National Government in 1933. The civil war in China is very advantageous, so that the National Government can concentrate on dealing with the Communist Party and the Red Army, and secondly to the Kuomintang government. The policy and its evolution have been studied in detail. The National Government wants to achieve the goal of eliminating the Communist Party. Carry out the Party's movement first, At the beginning of the 1930 's, the policy, set, mid-force pair medium The co-led Soviet region and the Red Army conducted the campaign of" suppression and suppression ". After four consecutive defeats in the battlefields of Jiangxi Province, the national The government has learned the lessons of the past. new A general plan of military affairs in the three-part military and military affairs. In the end, the article comes from the Communist Party of China and its citizens. Party and Communist Party The fifth anniversary of the Central Soviet Area by the angle of the international three Reasons for the defeat of anti-suppression and suppression I've got a focus. According to the author, the Communist Party of China in the fifth counter-campaign A series of mistakes in the course were the root cause of their defeat. The Kuomintang made full preparations before the Fifth Revolutionary War, which was an important reason for its success.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K263.4
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